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1、Grammar and usageDirect speech & reported speech我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Enjoy the following story It was the first day for Xiaoming to go to school. After school, his father asked Xiaoming what he learned that day. Xiaoming said,“I learned she, you and I”.
2、 Then his father asked how the teacher explained that. “She is your deskmate.” Xiaoming answered happily, pointing to her mother. “You are my student, I am your teacher.” The father became angry, and said, “she is your mother, you are my son, I am your father.” The next day, in class, the boy went t
3、o the teacher and told the techer his puzzle, and he said to the teacher,“She is your mother.” Pointing to his deskmate, “You are my son. I am your father.” 原封不动地引用原话，把原原封不动地引用原话，把原话放在引号内话放在引号内，叫直接引语(Direct speech) 用自己的话加以转述用自己的话加以转述，叫间接引语(Indirect/reported speech)，此时没有引号Definition(定义)I understand y
4、ou.he understood us.He told usWhat did he tell us ?I can fly.it could fly. It saidWhat did it say ?我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物What did he say ?I will help them with their English.he would help them with their English. He said我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的
5、世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Conclusion 人称的变化：人称的变化： 规律：规律：一主、二宾、三不变一主、二宾、三不变第一人称第一人称随随主句的主语主句的主语变化；变化；第二人称第二人称随随主句的宾语主句的宾语变化；变化；第三人称第三人称一般不变化。一般不变化。It said it could fly.He told us that he understand us.He said that he would help them with their English.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是
6、我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Practice He said, “I am very sorry.” H e s a i d t h a t I w a s v e r y s o r r y. “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. My father told me that you should be more careful the next time. She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight.” She said
7、to her son that she would check my homework that night. he Ihis我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物“ I will go to college.”He often saysWhat does he often say ?he will go to college.“I am playing football.”He saidhe was playing football.What did he say ?I will go shop
8、ping tomorrow.she would go shopping the next day.She saidWhat did she say ?我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Conclusion 时态变化：时态变化： 规律：规律： 当主句动词为当主句动词为现在时现在时，间接引语中的动词时态，间接引语中的动词时态保持不保持不变变； 当主句动词为当主句动词为过去时过去时，间接引语中的动词作，间接引语中的动词作相应的前相应的前推推He often says he will go to co
9、llege.He said he was playing football.She said that she would go shopping the next day.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物一般现在时一般现在时现在完成时现在完成时现在进行时现在进行时一般将来时一般将来时一般过去时一般过去时一般一般过去过去时时过去过去完成时完成时过去过去进行时进行时过去过去将来时将来时过去过去完成时完成时我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到
10、愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1. “It is really cold,” she said to me. She told me that it _ really cold.was2. “I dont want to go there with Alice,” said Tom.Tom said that he _ want to go there with Alice.didnt我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物3. The boy said, “I will be a
11、pilot.” The boy said that he _ a pilot.would be4. Tom said, “We are listening to music.” Tom said that they _ music. were listening to5. Mike said, “I have finished my homework.” Mike said he _ his homework. had finishedHe saidthe earth moves around the sun.The earth moves around the sun.What did he
12、 say ?为什么？此句没有变时态？因为它为什么？此句没有变时态？因为它描述的是客观事实真理描述的是客观事实真理，经得住时间考验经得住时间考验 ，故不变化故不变化我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物2. 所谈情况仍然存在的习惯或动作：所谈情况仍然存在的习惯或动作： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor he smokes two packs every day.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和
13、恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物3.3.转述的内容有转述的内容有表示具体的过去年份的时间表示具体的过去年份的时间，时态不变化时态不变化 The teacher said, “The baby was born in 2010.” The teacher said the baby was born in 2010.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物4. 部分没有过去形式的情态动词部分没有过去形式的情态动词, 如如: m
14、ust, ought to, should 和和已经是过去时的形式已经是过去时的形式could, would, might, used to, had better等，等， 时态不再变时态不再变。 She said to me, “You must hurry up.” She told me I must hurry up.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物5. 从句为过去完成时态、过去进行时态时从句为过去完成时态、过去进行时态时不变不变我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在
15、这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1. “Ive found my wallet,” he said to me. He _ me he _ _ _ wallet.2. “I took it home with me,” she said. She said she _ _ it home with her. toldhadfoundhishadtakenPractice我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物3. The teacher said,
16、“The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.4. “I met her at school.” he said to me. He _ me he _ met her at school.5. Peter said, “I worked in Africa in 2010”. Peter said he _ in Africa in 2010.risesgoestoldhadworked我吓了一跳，蝎子是多
17、么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 I will give you a concert this weekend.What did he say ?He saidhe would give us a concert that weekend.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物“I finished my homework two days ago.” She saidshe had finished her ho
18、mework two days before.What did she say ?我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物I have become a doctor a week ago.What did he say ?He saidhe had become a doctor a week before.小结小结直接引语直接引语间接引语：间接引语：时间状语变化时间状语变化now 现在现在 then 那时那时today 今天今天 that day 那天那天tonight 今晚今晚 that ni
19、ght 那晚那晚yesterday 昨天昨天 the day before 前一天前一天this week 这周这周 that week 前一周前一周last week 上周上周 the week before 一周前一周前 a week ago a week before 上星期上星期 前一周前一周three days ago three days before三天以前三天以前 前三天前三天tomorrow 明天明天 the next/following day 次日次日next week the next/following week 下星期下星期 下一周下一周the day after
20、tomorrow two days later 后天后天 过两天过两天直接引语直接引语间接引语：间接引语：时间状语变化时间状语变化直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词this 这这that 那那these 这些这些those 那些那些地点地点状语状语here 这里这里there 那里那里动词动词come 来来bring 带来带来go 去去take 拿去拿去补充：补充：我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 He said, “I lost a key here yesterday.”
21、He said that he had lost a key there the day before. “I read the book here a week ago,” Jane said to him.Jane told him that she had read the book there a week before.Practice我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物She said, “Ill come here again tonight.”She said she would
22、 go there again that night.He said, “I want this.”He said that he wanted that.May said to Tom, “Ill bring some photos here to you tomorrow.”May told Tom she would take some photos there to him the next day.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Sum up 小结 “直接引语直接引语” 变变 间接
23、引语间接引语 人称变化人称变化：一主二宾三不变：一主二宾三不变 时态变化时态变化：主句为现在时：主句为现在时 主句为过去时主句为过去时 其他其他 时态不变的五大特殊情况时态不变的五大特殊情况 常见的时间、地点状语以及指示代词和动常见的时间、地点状语以及指示代词和动词的具体变化词的具体变化1. Bill told Tom he would never be tired of it.2. Bill said he thought Charles Dickens was a great English writer.3. Bill asked Tom what he thought of that novel.4. Bill told Tom he had bought it in the Rose Bookshop.5. Tom told Bill he was going there to get one.