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1、 阅读理解之人物传记类(共3篇，限时22分钟)A(2013皖南八校高三第四次联考)In 1990, 22yearold Christopher McCandless gave up his career plans, left behind everyone he knew, donated all his savings to charity, and went off on an adventure, hiking his way through America to Alaska. Of course, this is an unusual story. Most college gra
2、duates would not do so. However, studies show that in teenage years, people are more likely to try out new experiences. For example, instead of working his way up the same organisation like his grandfather did, a 15yearold teenager may dream about becoming a traveller only to find in his early 20s t
3、hat this attraction of new places is fading and change is less attractive.The reason why people become less keen to change as they get older may be that people generally have similar life patterns and demands. Most people aim to find a job and a partner. As they get older, they may have young childr
4、en and elderly family members to look after. These responsibilities cannot be achieved without some degree of steadiness, which means that new experiences and ideas may not have a place in the persons life. New experiences may bring excitement as well as insecurity, so most people prefer to stay wit
5、h the familiar.However, not every individual is the same.A child may want to play a different game every day and get fed up if nothing changes at the kindergarten. Another may play with the same children and toys on every visit. Young children who avoid new experiences will grow up to be more tradit
6、ional than others. Psychologists (心理学家) argue that those who have more open personalities as children are more open than others might be when they are older and that young men have a greater interest_in_novelty than women, although as they age, this desire for new experiences fades more quickly than
7、 it does in women.语篇解读：McCandless大学毕业后将所有的积蓄捐给了慈善机构，之后一个人去北美大陆漂泊，这件事在美国引起了强烈反响。然而，并不是每个人都能放下一切追求自己的梦想。1The first paragraph serves as a(n) _.AexplanationBintroductionCcomment Dbackground解析：选B推理判断题。下文主要针对人们是否能放弃现状、尝试新的生活进行了讨论，因此作者在首段中用McCandless的故事引出本文的主题。故选B项。2What does the author think is the key fa
8、ctor that prevents people trying out new experiences?AResponsibilities. BPartners.CAge. DEducation.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段的第三、四句可知，人们长大后要照顾老人、孩子。如果他们没有稳定的生活，便无法实现这些责任。故选A项。3The underlined phrase “interest in novelty” in the last paragraph most probably means “_”Aindependence BexcitementCsecurity Dcuriosity
9、解析：选D词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句的内容以及下文“this desire for new experiences”可知，画线部分表示“好奇心”，故选D。4According to the passage, we can learn that _.Aas one gets older, he prefers the old patterns of lifeBa teenager is not interested in a new start before graduationCwomen are more likely to try new things than men of the
10、same ageDa child who likes different games may not like to change after growing up 解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段的首句可知，随着年龄的增长，人们越来越不愿意改变，这或许是因为人们通常有相似的生活方式和要求。故选A项。B(2013山东省济南市高三3月模拟)To win an Oscar is an achievement at any age. To do so at 22, like Jennifer Lawrence, is just amazing. Recently, the American star
11、 won Best Actress at this years Academy Awards for her role in the film Silver Linings Playbook. According to Time magazines Richard Corliss, Lawrence is a rare young actress who lends mature intelligence to any role.Though Lawrence has found great success through her big screen work, she wasnt sure
12、 what she really liked doing before the age of 14. She thought shed go to college and maybe find a career as a doctor or a travel agent.Lawrences two brothers were star athletes and one of them was a straightA student. Unlike them, she suffered through school, never finding where she belonged. Howev
13、er, during a trip to New York, Lawrence suddenly realized that she wanted to be an actress. When she was enjoying the beautiful city, a model seeker asked if he could take her picture, and the next day he called her in for an audition (试镜)“I read the script and it was the first time I had that feeli
14、ng like I understand this，” Lawrence said. “Within 20 minutes in the cab ride from the hotel, I decided I didnt want to be a model. In fact, I wanted to be an actress.” Having appreciated this young ladys performance, the agency was so impressed with her reading that they signed her on the spot. But
15、 she insisted on finishing high school so she could pay her full attention to her acting career.Lawrence burst onto the Hollywood scene last year with The Hunger Games, which established her as the highestgrossing (票房最高的) female action hero of all time. Rolling Stone called her “the most talented yo
16、ung actress in America”语篇解读：本文主要讲述了好莱坞明星詹妮弗劳伦斯凭借自己的才能和努力飞向梦想的殿堂的故事5Which of the following is TRUE of Jennifer Lawrence?AShe achieved her dream by chance.BShe used to be a wellknown model.CShe was awarded by the Academy Awards.DShe wanted to be an actress at an early age.解析：选C正误判断题。根据第一段的第三句“Recently
17、, the American star won Best Actress at this years Academy Awards for her role in the film Silver Linings Playbook.”可知应选C。6What can we know about Jennifer Lawrence from Paragraph 3?AHer parents were really strict with her.BShe seemed not to fit in with her school life well.CHer school performance ma
18、de her todays fame.DHer two brothers were doing well in all school subjects.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“Unlike them, she suffered through school, never finding where she belonged.”可知，她不是很适应学校生活，所以选B。7Lawrence made up her mind to be an actress because of _.Aa model interviewBher brothers examplesCthe taxi r
19、ide to her hotelDthe beautiful scenery of New York解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，劳伦斯想成为一名演员的想法来源于一次模特面试，所以选A。8From the text we can know that Lawrence is an actress of great _.AconfidenceBambitionCindependence Dtalent解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“a rare young actress who lends mature intelligence to any role”和最后一段的第
20、二句“Rolling Stone called her the most talented young actress in America”可知应选D。9What is the best title of the text?AChoosing Right BActing WiselyCWinning Young DFollowing Dreams解析：选C标题归纳题。通读全文可知，Jennifer Lawrence年轻时凭借自己的才能和努力取得了成功。故最佳标题为Winning Young。C(2013陕西宝鸡二模)Randy Grim brought home his first stra
21、y (流浪的) dog when he was only 5 years old. The fear that he saw in the eyes of that first dog eventually replaced by gratitude and love moved Randy Grim so deeply that even at that young age he knew he had found his lifes work. In 1998, Randy Grim formed a nonprofit group called Stray Rescue. The gro
22、ups goal is to save as many of St. Louiss stray dogs as possible.Today, Randy Grim heads up an organization with a $3 million annual budget, a staff of more than 50 paid workers, thousands of volunteers, and a wellequipped shelter that houses as many as 200 dogs. The money that supports Stray Rescue
23、 has been raised through donations and through the force of Randy Grims outspoken advocacy (宣传). A man who sees himself as a shy person is anything but that when it comes to speaking out for dogs.The impact has been significant. While there are no good estimates as to the number of stray dogs on the
24、 streets of St. Louis, today more than 40% dogs are being picked up off the streets than just two years ago, and about 98% are now adopted into homes.Stray Rescue also funds a massive education campaign. The groups billboards (广告牌) advocating adoption and neutering (绝育) of dogs are everywhere, as ar
25、e brochures informing the public of free medical care for dogs and voluntary opportunities at Stray Rescue.“The whole landscape has changed, ” says Pam Walker, St. Louis city health director. Since Randy Grims involvement, she says, St. Louis has become a model for good practice in the area.Official
26、s elsewhere sometimes ask how St. Louis deals with its dog problems. Pam Walker says, “My answer is that we have Randy Grim.”Randy Grim says he is delighted at the way the city has responded. “Many St. Louis citizens were already there，” he says, in terms of concern for dogs. “Im really proud of my
27、city.”语篇解读：本章主要讲述了Randy Grim从5岁开始救助流浪狗，后来建立非营利组织帮助城市里的流浪狗的故事。10Which of the following is TRUE of Randy Grim?AHe is afraid of speaking out for dogs.BHe decided to rescue stray dogs when young.CHe is the director of a nursing home.DHe is dissatisfied with St. Louis government.解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句中的“a
28、t that young age he knew he had found his lifes work”可推知，Randy Grim在小的时候就决定要救助流浪狗。故选B。11What can we learn about Stray Rescue?AIt has got a big profit since it was founded.BIt has adopted as many as 200 dogs.CIt aims to rescue more stray dogs.DIt doesnt run well for lack of money.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一
29、句“The groups goal is to save as many of St. Louiss stray dogs as possible.”可知，这个组织的目标是救助更多的流浪狗。故C项正确。12According to Paragraph 4, the education campaign _.Aencourages adoption of stray dogsBsupports medical care for the publicCprovides wellpaid jobsDobjects to raising dogs at home解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中
30、的“The groups billboards (广告牌) advocating adoption and neutering (绝育) of dogs are everywhere”可知，Stray Rescue发起的教育宣传鼓励人们收养流浪狗，故A项正确。13According to Pam Walker, _.ASt. Louis has done little in treating dogs in AmericaBRandy Grim has improved stray dog adoption in St. LouisCother cities havent found solutions to dog problemsDRandy Grim knows how to handle tough problems in St. Louis解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“Since Randy Grims involvement, she says, St. Louis has become a model for good practice in the area.”可知，因为Randy Grim的努力，圣路易斯的流浪狗救助计划成效显著，圣路易斯成为该领域中的模范城市。故选B。6