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1、|朗文英语4A复习提要Chapter 3： When our grandparents were young当我们爷爷奶奶（外婆外公）小的时候 I. 经过第3章的学习，下面的新单词我们要准确无误地读（read them correctly），知道它们的中文意思(know the Chinese meaning)，不看书进行英汉互译(translate)，并且还要会拼写(spell)。countable noun (可数cn.)uncountable noun (不可数un.)CD碟片、CDchewing gum口香糖(chew咀嚼)comic漫画书cola可乐clock钟fast food快餐
2、air-con(air-conditioner) 空调mobile phone手机、移动电话*注意：an air-con 一台空调II.句型。下面的关键句型我们要会读(read), 知道意思(know the Chinese meaning), 会根据不同的语境来运用(use them in different contexts)， 会写(write them correctly)。- Was there any cola when you were young，Grandpa?- Yes, there was. （肯定回答）- Was there any fast food when you
3、 were young?- No, there wasnt.（否定回答）- Were there any air-cons when you were young, Grandma?- Yes, there were.（肯定回答）- Were there any mobile phones when you were young, Grandma? - No, there werent.（否定回答)总结：当名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词时，be 动词用单数(is，was)。当主语是可数名词的复数时, be 动词用复数（are, were）。总结如下： is/was + 不可数名词/ 可数名词单
4、数are/were + 可数名词复数some和any 的用法如下：一些 都可以修饰不可数名词与可数名词复数some用在肯定句中any用在疑问句或否定句中*注意：Grandpa和Grandma一般用语口语称呼，其结构一般是“，Grandpa/Grandma”。而grandfather和grandmother一般用语书面语。在以下两种情况下 “grandma/grandpa/dad/mum”在表示称呼的时候首字母要大写，1） 直接称呼时；2） 跟别人谈到自己的爷爷、奶奶、外公、外婆、爸爸、妈妈时，前面没有加任何修饰成分时前面有修饰语（如my时），称呼词的首字母用大写。例如：1. How are y
5、ou today, Mum?2. My mom is reading in the bedroom.3. Were they any air-cons when you were young, Grandma?4. Tom was playing computer games and his grandfather was watching him. 当然，如果there be句型的学习只是局限在书上，那么各位考试的时候就悲催啦。请参照there be句型提要（见附录）复习复习再复习。III. C部分学完后，你们要达到以下的要求哦。1） 可以准确而流利地背诵出C部分。2） 对于书上笔记的单词，
6、短语和句子要会读，知道意思，会拼写。3） 对于下面的单词和固定搭配以及句子要准确而流利地读出来，而且要能够英汉互译。下面，我们就来检查一下吧。1. play computer games玩电脑游戏2. fly kites放风筝 （fly-flies-flew）3. make nets织网(make-makes-made)4. catch butterflies捉蝴蝶(catch-catches-caught)从以上四个动名词短语可以看出，一般情况下（除固定搭配，例如play football, play hopscotch等等）动名词短语中，可数名词不单独出现（怕孤单啊！），要不前面加a或者a
7、n,要不后面加s（注意中文含义不同）。例如：read books读书read a book读一本书read book 5. play hopscotch 跳房子（hopscotch不可数名词）6. draw a circle画一个圆7. on the ground在地上8. in the middle在中间9. shooter marbles 射手弹珠10. flickinto弹进去11. hitout把撞出去12. keep (kept)保留13. go out of 走到外面14. lose (lost) 输掉15. stay in待在里16. happen(happened)发生17.
8、we were out 我们输了 = we lost the game.18. win(won) 赢19. a lot of = lots of很多 (后接不可数名词或可数名词复数)20. a lot（副词）很多，非常 （修饰动词）21. sound听起来22. come along 来吧23. special特别的4) 对于下列文中出现的动词过去时和现在时， 要求：知意，会读，会拼写，会根据语境和时态自由转换。Present tensePast tensefly(flies)flewmake(makes)madecatch(catches)caughtputputkeepkepthithit
9、winwonloselosthappenhappened5) 对于下面的一些词组和句型，我们要准确而流利地读出来，能够英汉互译，还要会运用和拓展。1. Tom was playing computer games. Tom 正在玩电脑游戏His grandfather was watching him. 他的祖父正在看着他。正在进行时：be +doing（正在做某事）现在正在进行时：I am +doing She/He/It/ Lucy/Lily/Sam/My mum is+doing You/They/We/Sam and Lily are +doing过去正在进行时：I was +doin
10、g She/He/It/ Lucy/Lily/Sam/My mum was+doing You/They/We/Sam and Lily were +doing2. The game I like best was marbles. 我最喜欢的游戏是弹珠。基本结构：Thesb like/likes best is（谓语单复数根据主语变化）拓展举例：The game I like best is marbles. The fruit I like best is mangoes. The book I like best is Gone with the Wind. The sport he l
11、ikes best is jogging.3. How do you play marbles, Grandpa? 爷爷，你怎么玩弹珠的？基本结构：How do you + 动词原形? 你怎么? 拓展举例：How do you cook your favourite food? How does he play hopscotch?4. It sounds fun! 听起来有趣！基本结构： sound+形容词：听起来（sound在句子中是系动词） look+形容词：看起来拓展举例：It sounds boring. It sounds interesting. You look beautif
12、ul today. He looks so tall this year.5. We wanted to hit other marbles out. 我们想把其他的弹珠撞出去。hitout把撞出去拓展举例：Tom hits Jerry out. He hits the ball out of the playground.He hit me out of the classroom yesterday.6. Sometimes I won a lot of marbles and sometimes I lost a lot too.有时候我赢很多弹珠，有时候我也会输掉很多。Sometime
13、sand sometimes有时候有时候(and连接两个短句)拓展举例：Sometimes I eat out and sometimes I eat at home too.Sometimes I do my homework in the living room and sometimes I do my homework in the bedroom too.注意：a lot of( lots of) +不可数名词/可数名词复数；a lot是一个副词，放在句末，后面不能跟名词。比如：I have a lot of marbles. = I have lots of marbles.She
14、 has a lot of chewing gum. = She has lots of chewing gum.Thanks a lot.My grandparents played marbles a lot when they were young.IV. Part E1) New words and phrases for Part E. E部分新单词和词组。要求：对于以下单词和词组要会读，会英汉互译。书上记笔记的单词还要会拼写。1. wear trainers 穿运动鞋 2. use credit cards 使用信用卡3. have a telephone 有一部电话4. list
15、en to the radio 听收音机;听广播 (radio复数形式为radios)5. shop at supermarkets 在超市购物 (超市作单数在词组中表达为：shop at the supermarket)6. go to school 去学校7. rich 富有的8. poor贫穷的;可怜的9. people人们（复数）10. children孩子们（复数）11. check 检查2）语法点:there be句型以及Did you?句型There werent any credit cards.There werent any supermarkets.总结：were后面加可
16、数名词复数；否定句中用any。- Did you wear trainers fifty years ago?- Yes, I did.- Did you use credit cards?- No, I didnt.总结：did后面跟动词原形（“打一次”）。V. Part F.1）New words and phrases. 新单词和词组。要求：知道意思，会读。1. a rickshaw 一辆黄包车、一辆人力车2. an oil lamp 一盏油灯3. clogs木屐；木底鞋4. a camera 一部相机 5. a fan 一把扇子/风扇6. a stove 一只炉子7. keep coo
17、l 保持凉爽8. take photos 拍照9. at night 在晚上10. foot (单数: right foot; left foot)-feet(复数)2）动词过去式。要求：知道中文意思，会读，会拼写。Present tensePast tensecook 煮饭cookeduse 使用usedtake photos拍照took photoswear穿wore ride骑rode （3） 介词1. People cooked on stoves. (on表示“在上面”)2. People took photos with a camera.（with表示“用”）3. People
18、use a fan to keep cool. (to表示目的，“为了”)4. People wore clogs on their feet. (on表示“在上面”)5. People used oil lamps at night.（at night, at noon， in the morning/afternoon/evening）6. People rode in a rickshaw.(in表示“在里面)VIPart G. 要求：知道每句话的意思，会背，出现的新词还要能英汉互译。1. wake up(woke up) 醒来2. put on(put on) 穿上3. wash fa
19、ce with cold water 用冷水洗脸4. congee and noodles粥和面条 (congeen粥 不可数名词un.)5. rice, vegetables and salted fish 米饭，蔬菜和咸鱼(rice米饭 fish鱼肉是不可数名词un.)6. at 6 oclock在六点7. I had congee and noodles for breakfast.I had rice, vegetables and salted fish for lunch.基本结构：havefor breakfast/lunch/dinner.早餐、午餐、晚餐吃例如：- What
20、did you have for lunch?- I had some rice, an egg and some soup for lunch.- What did you have for breakfast?- I had milk, bread and congee for breakfast.8. cook dinner做晚饭9. at uncles store在叔叔的商店10. I helped my mum cook dinner.我帮助我妈妈做晚饭。基本结构：help sb do 帮助某人做She helps her mum do housework.She is helpin
21、g her friends do homework.Do you want to help me wash dishes?附录：there be 句型专项复习提要构成：There be .句型表示的是“某处有(存在)某人或某物”基本结构：There be(is, are, was, were)+名词+地点状语/时间状语.否定句：There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。例如：There is an orange in her bag.There isnt an orange in her bag.There is no ora
22、nge in her bag.There are some oranges in her bag.There arent any oranges in her bag.There are no oranges in her bag.There is some juice in the bottle.There isnt any juice in the bottle.There is no juice in the bottle.一般疑问句：There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，some改为any, and 改为or，第一人称要变第二人称（I you, my-your,
23、we-you, our-your）再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：There is some money in her handbag.Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中，some改为any, something改为anything, and 改为or.)There was some cola and mobile phones when I was young.There wasnt any cola or mobile phones when I was young.Was there any cola or mobile phones w
24、hen you were young?*注意：there be句型中的be动词由时态（现在时、过去时）以及后面名词（单数、复数、不可数）来决定。例如There is a basketball in the box.There is some milk in the glass.There was some water in the cup last night.There are many birds in the tree.There were many people in the street yesterday.在否定句和疑问句中，名词是复数名词或者是不可数名词的时候，不能用some只能
25、用any.例如：Was there any cola when you were young?Were there any mobile phones 100 years ago?There isnt any food now.There wasnt any black tea when I was young.there be遵循就近原则：there be句型后面如果跟两个或者两个以上的名词，be动词由时态以及离它最近的名词来决定，也就是“就近原则”。例如：There is an orange and some bananas in the basket. There are some ba
26、nanas and an orange in the basket. Was there any cola or hamburgers when you were young? There werent any hamburgers or cola when I was young. there be句型练习一、填空1. There _ some hamburgers on the table now.2. _ there any orange juice 100 years ago?3. There _ many children in the classroom now.4. _ ther
27、e _ chewing gum when you were young?5. _ there _ mobile phones when you were young?6. There _ _ milk or sugar now.7. I am hungry. _ there_ rice to eat?8. There _ _orange and _apples in the basket.9. _ there _books or magazines here?10. There _ any chewing gum or mobile phones when we _young.二、按要求改写句
28、子1. Was there any black tea when you were young? (否定回答)_2. There isnt any juice or milk today. （改为肯定句)_3. There is an apple and some oranges in the basket now. (改为否定句)_4. There are some magazines and an English book here. (改为一般疑问句)_5. There wasnt any cola or chewing gum when I was young. (改为一般疑问句)6. 爷爷，你年轻的时候有口香糖吗？（翻译成英文：用there be 句型）_7. 奶奶，50年之前有手机吗？（翻译成英文：用there be 句型） _8. 妈妈，你小的时候有电脑吗？（翻译成英文：用there be 句型）_9. 我奶奶小的时候没有快餐和可乐。（翻译成英文：用there be 句型）_