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1、 The Predicative Clause 表表 语语 从从 句句 一、宾语从句的概念从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。 E.g. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right. 二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态归纳：归纳：上述例句的结构：上述例句的结构： + + + + 句式句式观察句子结构，特别是划线部分观察句子结构，特别是划线部分。
2、1. I am a little, little bird. 2. The story is interesting. .3. Our main teacher is here.4. Every student is in the classroom.5. Your homework is to recite 劝学劝学.6. Her job is selling computers 主语主语 系动词系动词/be 表语表语4、She became angry and made the weaving girl return to heaven.3、I feel sick with all thi
3、s fat and heavy food.例句：例句：5、It may seem lucky to you but not to me.1、Her customers get thin after esting Yong food.2、Yonghui looks ill.常见的连系动词有：常见的连系动词有：be （am, is, are, was, were）, become,look,sound,feel,taste (看、听、尝起看、听、尝起来）来）,seem,appear（似乎、好像）等（似乎、好像）等 He is a student. 主语 系动词 表语 The reason is t
4、hat he is a student. 主语 系动词 表语从句 That is why I was late. 主语 系动词 表语从句句子或主谓结构做表语（而不是某个具体单词做表语），这个句子就是表语从句。像这样含有两个及以上主谓结构的句子，并且其中一个句子在另一个句子中充当了成分，这样的句子就叫做复合句。指出句子成分指出句子成分合作探究合作探究一一、表语从句定义：表语从句定义： 表语从句表语从句是在复合句中作是在复合句中作表语表语的的名词性从句名词性从句, 放放在系动词之后在系动词之后,一般结构是一般结构是“主语主语+系动词系动词+表表语从句语从句”。作用作用:对主语进行解释说明。对主语进
5、行解释说明。例例句句：1）The problem is that millions of peopledie of illnesses caused by smoking.2）The question remains whether we can win Class 3.指出表语从句部分：指出表语从句部分：1.He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 2. She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.3. His suggestion is that we should st
6、ay calm. 4. The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.1.He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 2. She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.3. His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 4. The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. 二二、引导表语从句的连接词引导表语从句的连接词由从属连词由从属连词
7、that 引导的表语从句引导的表语从句由连接代词由连接代词Who, whom, whose, which, what 和连接副词和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的表语从句引导的表语从句由从属连词由从属连词whether，as if引导表语从句引导表语从句由从属连词由从属连词because,why引导表语从句引导表语从句e.g. e.g. 1.What I want to say is thatthat Im sorry.2.The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand.（一）由从属连词 th
8、at 引导的表语从句 that在从句中不充当任何成分，本身也没在从句中不充当任何成分，本身也没有任何意义。只是起连接作用。有任何意义。只是起连接作用。 注注：that 在引导表语从句时不能省略。在引导表语从句时不能省略。（二）由从属连词（二）由从属连词 whether引导的表语从句引导的表语从句1. The question is _2. The question is _ whether it is worth doing. whether we can win them.whether 在句子中不充当任何成分，但具有在句子中不充当任何成分，但具有“是是否否”的意义，表示对陈述的事物不明确或
9、不清楚的意义，表示对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。此时不能用。此时不能用if，因为，因为if不能引导表语从句。不能引导表语从句。The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A. that B. if C. when D. whether注意点注意点1：if 不能引导表语从句不能引导表语从句 Das if / though引导表语从句时，在句子中引导表语从句时，在句子中也不充当任何成分，但有意义。译为：似也不充当任何成分，但有意义。译为：似乎，好像。乎，好像。He looks as if he were a rich man.It
10、 sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.他看起来好像是个富翁。他看起来好像是个富翁。听起来好像有人在敲门。听起来好像有人在敲门。（三）由从属连词（三）由从属连词 as if/through引导的表语从句引导的表语从句1. Li Lei is now in a new jacket. He looks as if he were an American boy. 2. The girl talked as if she has been a grown-up.as if/through 引导表语从句时要注意语气引导表语从句时要注意语气.若与事若
11、与事实相符，要用陈述语气。若从句表示与现在事实相实相符，要用陈述语气。若从句表示与现在事实相反反,谓动用谓动用 ；与过去事；与过去事实相反用实相反用 .考试中常考查这种考试中常考查这种虚拟语气虚拟语气，不考查陈述语气。，不考查陈述语气。一般过去式（一般过去式（be用用were）had+done.这类词引出表语从句时，与它们引出宾语这类词引出表语从句时，与它们引出宾语从句一样，要在从句中从句一样，要在从句中充当句子成分充当句子成分（一（一般充当般充当主语主语、宾语宾语、表语表语、定语定语或或状语状语），并具有一定的意义，不可省略。，并具有一定的意义，不可省略。(四）连接代词四）连接代词 Who,
12、 whom, whose,which, what及连接副词及连接副词 where, how, why, when及及wh-疑问词疑问词+ever引导的表语从句引导的表语从句 (2) The problem is who we can get to replace her. (3) The question is how he did it.（状语）（状语） (4) That is where he was born.（状语）（状语）问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。（宾语）问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。（宾语）问题是他如何做此事的。问题是他如何做此事的。那就是他出生的地方。那就是他出生的地方。 (
13、1) That is what he is worried about.(宾语）宾语） 那就是他担心的事那就是他担心的事(1) Thats because he didnt understand me.(2) Its why he got angry with me .那是因为他不理解我。那是因为他不理解我。那正是他对我生气的原因。那正是他对我生气的原因。(强调原因）强调原因）（强调结果）（强调结果）（五）由从属连词（五）由从属连词because, why引导的表语从句引导的表语从句1、句型：、句型：That/It is /was because 那是因为那是因为 That/It is /wa
14、s why 那是那是的原因的原因2、句型：、句型：the reason whyis that 的理由是的理由是 why引导定语从句引导定语从句 That/It is /was why 那是那是的原因的原因 why引导表语从句引导表语从句(1) The reason why he was late is that he was ill.他迟到他迟到的理由的理由是他病了。是他病了。注意：注意： 主句主语为主句主语为reason, 只能用只能用that引导表语引导表语从句，不可用从句，不可用because.(2) Its why he got angry with me .那正是他对我生气那正是他对
15、我生气的原因的原因。1.The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A. because B. that C. for D. because of2.This is _ Sara was late for the meeting. A. why B. what C. how D. That3. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether B C A三、三、表语从句语序表语从句语序表语从句的语序与宾语从句一表
16、语从句的语序与宾语从句一样，不管是哪类连接词引导，样，不管是哪类连接词引导，也不管主句是否是疑问句，一也不管主句是否是疑问句，一律用律用陈述语序陈述语序：主语主语+ +系动词系动词+ +连接词连接词+ +主语主语+ +谓谓语语+ +其他成分其他成分注意：注意：不管从句是由哪类连接词引出，一律用陈不管从句是由哪类连接词引出，一律用陈述句语序述句语序The problem is _to take the place of John.A. who can we get B. what we can getC. who we can get D. that we can getCvIt is wher
17、e he lives in .vIt is where he lived in 10 years ago. 1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态， 根据实际情况而定。根据实际情况而定。三、三、表语从句时态表语从句时态2.2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时）， 从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）vHer wish was that she cou
18、ld lose weight soon. vIt looked as if it was going to rain. vThe question was whether his father would come back the next day.vThe reason why he was late was that the train had already left. 小结：小结：1. 表语从句的构成表语从句的构成:引导词引导词+简单句简单句2. 引导词引导词: 连词连词that, whether, as if连接代词连接代词who, what, which连词连词because,w
19、hy 3. 语序语序:主从句时态呼应一致原则主从句时态呼应一致原则4. 时态时态:陈述语序陈述语序连接副词连接副词when, where, how ,why 1.Maria has to look after her sister. Thats _ she cant come out with us. A. why B. how C. when D. what2. She looked _ she were ten years younger. A. that B. as if/through C. as D. like3. The reason why I have to go is _ i
20、f I dont.A. that she will be disappointedB. because she will be disappointedC. on account of her being disappointedD. that she will be disappointing4. It was _ he worked hard that he succeeded.A. since B. because C. as D. for5. What the doctors really doubt is_ my mother will recover from the seriou
21、s disease soonA. when B. how C. whether D. why6. Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? Oh, thats _. (2003 北京春北京春) A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited7. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there were D. where there上面的题大家都做对了吗上面的题大家都做对了吗? ?上面每个句子都出现了上面每个句子都出现了的表语从句，大家能的表语从句，大家能找到吗？找到吗？80. Things arent always _. (appear) 事情往往不是事情往往不是它们看上去的那样。它们看上去的那样。(2012年年 湖北）湖北） what they appear (to be)