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1、科技英语课题论文论 文 题 目：英语谚语的汉译英 文 题 目：Chinese Translation of English proverbs培 养 单 位： 学 科 专 业：科技英语学 生 姓 名：指 导 老 师： 2014年5月摘要谚语民俗文化的结晶，是人类智慧的火花。英语是一种高度发展的语言，在其漫长的发展过程中，吸收了欧洲多个民族的精髓。英语谚语更是博采众长，特别是从古希腊，古罗马文化及圣经中吸收了大量的营养。英国国家的作家，思想家如培根，莎士比亚，蒲波和富兰克林等更是为这座宝库增添了许多丰富多彩的内容。但是，英语谚语的主体还是来自民间。那些无从考证出处而又家喻户晓的谚语是一代代普通民众
2、长期积累，流传写来的思想火花与语言经典。英语学习者通过学习谚语可以浏览英国国家思想与文化的精华，领略英语语言的精悍与传神。优美的译文不仅帮助读者更好地理解英语谚语的含义，而且会带您走进一座智慧的殿堂，语言的宝库。英语谚语是经过长时间地使用而提炼出来的固定短句，是人民智慧的结晶。英语谚语大都具有鲜明的形象，适宜于用来比喻事物，因而往往带有浓厚的民族色彩和地方色彩。英语谚语有的意思明确，有的富于含蓄，意在言外，可引起丰富的联想，有的可能包含几个意思，必须根据上下文的具体情况来明确它的意义。英语谚语既是语言中的重要修辞手段，同时其本身也是各种修辞手段的集中表现。不少英语谚语前后对称，音节优美，韵律协
3、调。由于英语谚语具有这些特点，翻译时就应当保持这些特点。英语谚语不仅大量出现在文艺作品里，在政治和科学论文中也同样经常遇到。英语谚语翻译的好坏对整个译文的质量有直接的影响，因此，如何处理英语谚语是翻译中的一个极为重要的问题。译者除了忠实地表达原文习语的意义外，还应尽可能保持原文习语的形象比喻，丰富想象，修辞效果及其民族色彩和地方特色.AbstractProverbs are the crystallization of the folk culture, is the spark of human wisdom. English is a highly developed language i
4、n its long development process,吸收了欧洲多个民族语言的精髓。英语谚语更是博采众长,特别是从古希腊、罗马文化及圣absorbing the essence of the language of euro.English proverb isabsorbing, especially from ancient Greece and Rome culture and the Bible经中吸收了大量的营养。英语国家的作家、思想家如培根、莎士比亚、蒲柏和富兰克林等更是 absorbed a lot of nutrients. English speaking write
5、rs, thinkers such as Bacon, Shakespeare, Pope and Franklin为这座宝库增添了许多丰富多彩的内容。但是,英语谚语的主体还是来自民间。那些无从考证出add a lot of rich and colorful content for the treasure house. However, subject of English proverbs from the folk. The necklaces处而又家喻户晓的谚语是一代代普通民众长期积累、流传下来的思想火花与语言经典。英语学习andthe well-known proverb are
6、the mind and language classic generations of ordinary people of long-term accumulation, handed down. English learning through 者通过英语谚语可以浏览英语国家思想与文化的精华,领略英语语言的精悍与传神。优美的译文the English proverbs can browse the essence and culture of English-speaking countries, enjoy English language vivid and vigorous. Th
7、e beautiful translation 不仅帮助读者更好地理解英语谚语的含义,而且会带您走进一座智慧的殿堂、语言的宝库。help the readers to better understand the meaning of English proverbs, and will take you into a treasure house of wisdom and language.English proverb is a fixed phrase after a long time of use and refined, is the crystallization of wisd
8、om of the people. Most English proverbs have有鲜明的形象,适宜于用来比喻事物,因而往往带有浓厚的民族色彩和地方色彩。英语谚语有的意 a distinctive image, suitable for metaphor things often, with a strong national and local color. Some English proverbs 思明显;有的富予含蓄,意在言外,可引起丰富的联想;有的可能包含几个意思,必须根据上下文的are easily understand; some rich to subtle, can c
9、ause the rich Lenovo The meaning is implied,some may contain several means, must according to the context具体情况来明确它的意义。英语谚语既是语言中的重要修辞手段,同时其本身也是各种修辞手段How to clear the meaning of it. English proverbs are not only the important rhetoric means in language, at the same time it is a variety of rhetorical de
10、vices的集中表现。不少英语谚语前后对称,音节优美,韵律协调。concentrated expression. Many English proverbs and symmetrical, beautiful syllable rhythm, coordinationAs the English proverb has these characteristics, the translation should try to keep these characteristics. English proverbs not only appear in the paper艺作品里,在政治和科学论
11、文中也同样经常遇到。英语谚语翻译的好坏对整个译文的质量有直接Art works, in the political and scientific papers are also frequently encountered. The quality of English Proverbs for the quality of the entire translation has directly的影响。因此,如何处理英语谚语是翻译中的一个极为重要的问题。译者除了忠实地表达原文习 influence. Therefore, how to deal with the English proverb
12、 is a translation of the most important problems. In addition to, it should keepthe image of the original idiom metaphor, imagination, rhetorical effects and ethnic and local characteristics. Chapter One Introduction1.1 The Background of the StudyTranslation has been a questioned topic since it came
13、 into being. Many scholars,personally, ownedtheir viewpoints with regard to translation strategies and criteria. The translation theories vary from Peter Newmarks literal translation theory to Eugene Nidas functional equivalence theory, from Chinese traditional translation standardsput forward by Ya
14、n Fu “faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance” to Western scholars“equivalence”. From then on, thedebateamong them has never stopped. New tools, methodologies, and translation theories will beyond doubt continue to come into being, so Skopos Theory which creates a new approach of translation born
15、with the time. It argues that only the translation which acts for the skopos is a good translation. Though it is not a perfect theory to some extent, it deals with many practical problems for translators.1.2 The Purpose of the StudyLearning English Language could not learn English proverbs, but Engl
16、ish proverb is the precipitation of Angio-American culture for thousands of year, especially increased difficulty we learn and understand the differences between English culture and Chinese culture, especially proverb translation for us to correctly understand the meaning of the proverb itself and r
17、eflect the ethnic culture has an important role. I tried to from two aspects of the translation is influenced by factors and English proverb translation strategies of English proverbs do some superficial exploration,1.3 The Significance of the StudyEnglish proverbs have some common features, the mos
18、t distinctive cultural features can be reflected from proverbs. Especially their nationality further our understanding of the relationship between proverbs and culture. Professor Xian Yu Yang once said the language of a nation can reflect the characteristics of a national culture and national psycho
19、logy, moral concept and so on. A language is not only related to the characteristics of the national culture cultural connotation also includes the concept of culture.Chapter TwoEnglish proverb translation strategyBecause English proverbs have the above characteristics, translation should try to kee
20、p these characteristics. The translator in addition to faithfully expressing the meaning of the original idiom, should as far as possible to maintain the image of the original idiom metaphor, imagination is rich, rhetorical effect and national characteristics and local characteristics. The translati
21、on of English proverbs has three main methods.After a storm comes a calm.风暴之后是宁静。After rain comes fair weather.雨过天晴。As you sow,so shall you reap.自作自受。As a man sows,so he shall reap.种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。Fish in troubled waters.浑水摸鱼。The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future.前事不忘,后事之师。2 translation
22、 methodFree translation is to faithful to the original content in the first place, put the fluent translation form in second place, but not rigidly adhere to the form of the original translation methods. (XuYuanchong, 1984) when the literal translation is difficult or barely translated readers canno
23、t understand,A horse stumbles that has four legs, translate“有四条腿的马会失蹄”Such as English proverbs a horse stumbles that has four legs, if the literal translation into four legs of the horse Shiti, which naturally makes it difficult for the listener to understand, even will produce a strange feeling. Th
24、e translation of proverbs,Should adopt free translation, with a completely different meaning words will party statement accurately convey to Party B. If we take the example of AHorse stumbles that has four legs translated into 人非圣贤，孰能无过 or 金无足赤，人无完人, regarded as successful processing method, transla
25、tion, its shape although variable, although the dependency. The following examples are reflected in the translation of proverbs form far meaning similar to the principles of translation:Beggars cant be choosers.饥不择食。The best fish are(或swim)near the bottom.好鱼居水底。/有价值的东西不能轻易得到。 Butter to butter is no
26、relish.千篇一律的东西令人生厌。Care killed a cat.忧虑伤身。The child is father of(或to)the man.三岁看到老。A close mouth catches no flies.口紧不招祸。 The cobbler should stick to his last.各守本分。The darkest hour is nearest the dawn.接近成功时最艰苦。3 Synonymous proverbsSome English proverbs and Chinese synonymous proverbs are consistent i
27、n content and form, both sides not only have the same meaning and rhetoric color, and have the same or similar image: the set for the usage of synonymous proverbs proverbs.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。Seeing is believing.眼见为实。Diamond cut diamond.强中更有强中手。Gifts blind the eyes.拿了手短,吃了嘴软。There is no smok
28、e without fire.无风不起浪。A new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。Dont bite the hand that feeds you.不要恩将仇报。There are plenty of fish in the sea.天涯何处无芳草。ConclusionAs a proverb to express the profound truth in simple language statements, cited by many people. In international communication, people like to quote na
29、tional or international proverbs. For example, the former U. S. President Ronald Reagan in 1984 visit to China in April affectionately said: since we arrived the graciousness with which we have been has received been heartwarming.A Chinese proverb best describes my: when the visitor arrives, it is a
30、s if returning home. (宾至如归). In November of the same year, the visit to the Prime Minister of Norway Willoch in welcoming banquet said: Although I have tried to follow the developments in your country from afar I am, very conscious of the truth of the Chinese proverb, 眼见为实/ 百闻不如一见. Therefore, the tr
31、anslation of English proverbs applies appropriate translation techniques to accurately convey the original meaning of great significance. Of course, master the translation methods of the above four kinds of proverbs is notfind a master key to all translation of proverbs. Some proverbs translation requires translators transformation and explained the meaning of, and some proverbs translation should status quo, in order to maintain their authentic.