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1、外文翻译 Intelligent lighting control system Abstract: Intelligent lighting control system the main aim is to save energy, smart lighting control system with a variety of pre-set control mode and control components, at different times on different degrees of illumination for accurate set-up and rational
2、 management of energy-saving. This automatic adjustment of the illumination means, take full advantage of the natural outdoor light, only when necessary when the lamp or light to the required brightness, use the least energy to ensure that the required illumination level, energy-saving effect is ver
3、y clear, usually ranging from more than 30%.Keywords: Intelligent lighting control system bus-type star-shaped structure 1 The advantages of the use of the intelligent lighting control system1.1 Good energy saving effectIntelligent lighting control system using the main purpose is to save energy, sm
4、art lighting control system with a variety of pre-set control mode and control components, at different times on different degrees of illumination for accurate set-up and rational management of energy-saving. This automatic adjustment of the illumination means, take full advantage of the natural out
5、door light, only when necessary when the lamp or light to the required brightness, use the least energy to ensure that the required illumination level, energy-saving effect is very clear, usually ranging from more than 30%. In addition, the intelligent lighting control system for fluorescent lamp di
6、mming control, etc., due to the use of a fluorescent active tunable filter electronic ballast technology and reduce the harmonic content, to improve the power factor and reduce the low-voltage reactive power loss. 1.2 To extend the life span of light source Light source can not only extend the life
7、savings, but also significantly reduce the workload of lamp replacement, reducing the operating costs of lighting systems, management and maintenance becomes simple. Both the thermal radiation source, or gas discharge light source, voltage fluctuations are a major cause of light damage. Therefore, t
8、he effective suppression of the fluctuations in voltage can extend the life of light sources. Intelligent lighting control system can successfully suppress the surge voltage power grid, but also have a voltage limit and the conjugate stream functions of filtering, to avoid over-voltage and under-vol
9、tage damage to the light. The use of soft-start and soft turn-off technology, to avoid the impact of current damage to the light. Through this method, the light source to extend the life span of usually 2 to 4 times.1.3 To improve the working environment improve efficiency Good working environment i
10、s to improve the efficiency of a necessary condition. Good design and reasonable choice of light source, lamps and lighting quality control systems, can improve the quality of lighting. Intelligent lighting control system dimming control panel module to replace the traditional lighting of the level
11、switch control is an effective way to control the overall room illumination value, thereby enhancing the uniformity of illumination. At the same time, this control method used in electrical components have also solved the stroboscopic effect, will not create uncomfortable, confused, feeling eyestrai
12、n. 1.4 To achieve a variety of lighting effects A wide range of lighting control, the same building can have a variety of artistic effect, for a lot of construction hyperchromic. Modern buildings, lighting is not simply to meet people on the visual effect of light and shade, they should have control
13、 of a variety of programs to make buildings more vivid, more artistic, giving a wealth of visual effects and aesthetics. As an example of a project, building the exhibition hall, lecture hall, lobby, atrium, etc., if with intelligent lighting control system, according to different times, different u
14、ses, different effects, using the corresponding pre-set scene control, can achieve the wealth of artistic effect. 1.5 Facilitate the management of maintenance Intelligent lighting control system for the control of lighting based on the automatic control of modular-based, supplemented by manual contr
15、ol, preset lighting scenes to the parameters stored in the EPROM Digital, these information is very convenient to set up and replaced, so that building lighting management and maintenance easier. 1.6 Have a high economic rate of return Our reference point for the Shanghai region, from energy-saving
16、lights and provincial estimates of the two made a come to this conclusion: with three to five years, the owner can recover the basic intelligent lighting control system to increase the total costs. Intelligent lighting control system can improve the environment and improve employee productivity and
17、reduce maintenance and management costs, but also for the owners to save a substantial amount of costs. 2 Intelligent lighting control system components We know that the intelligent lighting control system of building control system is onlyone part of the. If you want to focus on the various control
18、 systems to the control center to control, then the control system must have the standard communication interface and protocol version. Although such a system integration is feasible in theory, but it is very difficult to put into practice. Thus, in engineering, intelligent management of our buildin
19、g a distributed system, distributed, that is relatively independent of each control subsystem, self-contained, the implementation of specific control, intelligent building management system control subsystem of the relative independence, self-contained, the implementation of specific control, intell
20、igent building management system from the control subsystem is a signal collection and monitoring role. At present, the intelligent lighting control system in accordance with sub-network topology, the following two forms, namely, bus and star-shaped structure-based hybrid. Both forms have the charac
21、teristics of a number of bus more flexibility, easy expansion, control of relative independence, lower costs; mixed some high reliability, fault diagnosis and rule out the simple, easy access to the agreement, transfer rate higher. Engineering design, we consider the building of intelligent lighting
22、 control system as an independent subsystem, use of international standards and agreements of the communication interface text, into the intelligent building management systems. Intelligent lighting control system uses a distributed, distribution-based approach,that is, the dimming control unit is r
23、elatively independent, self-contained,non-interfering, through centralized management and information interfaces, and intelligent building management system linked to the achievement of the building control center subsystem of the collection and monitoring of the signal. In short, the intelligent li
24、ghting control should be the main system is a centralized management, and the main trunk and information interface components consisting of the regional implementation of the same sample of control and signal networks; its subsystems should be a dimmer by the various types of modules , control panel
25、s, illumination detector dynamic and static and dynamic components consisting of detectors, respectively, of the regional implementation of the specific control of different networks, the main system and subsystems, such as between the components through the interface to connect, to achieve data tra
26、nsmission. 3 Intelligent lighting control system and control of the control of the content A project to control the use of intelligent lighting control system include the following categories: technology office hall, computer center and other important room, lecture hall, such as multi-function hall
27、, exhibition hall, conference center, lobby and courtyard, walkways and elevators, such as the Office of Public site; building facade lighting ingeneral and also by the intelligent lighting control systems to control switch signal. Control the content of the term of the Interpretation: 1 clock contr
28、ol Clock management, etc. through the electrical components, to achieve the normal work of regions for the state of lighting in different time control. 2 the automatic adjustment control illumination Through each module and illumination dimming dynamic electrical components such as detectors, to ach
29、ieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of the automatic lighting dimming control, making the region, such as illumination will not be outside with the sunshine factors change, and always maintain the default value in the illumination around. 3 control of the reg
30、ional scene Through each dimmer module and the control panel and other electrical components, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of the scene lighting control switch. 4 static and dynamic detection of control Through each dimming modules and electrical
31、 components, such as movement detectors, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work of the state of the automatic lighting control switch. 5 Reduction state of emergency control Through each of the normal lighting control module, such as dimming of the electrical component
32、s, to achieve a state of emergency for the normal work of the various districts in the state of lighting and to give up the number of relief, such as dimming control. 6 Manual remote control Through the infra-red remote control, to achieve under normal conditions in the regions for the normal work o
33、f the state of lighting control and manual control of the regional scene. 7 Emergency lighting control Here mainly refers to the control of intelligent lighting control system to the special region by the implementation of the emergency lighting control, including the following two controls: 1 under
34、 normal illumination and the automatic adjustment control of the regional scene with the regulation of the normal work of lighting the same manner as the control. 2 a state of emergency automatic discharge dimming control, through each of the emergency lighting dimming control module, such as electr
35、ical components, to achieve a state of emergency for the regions under a state of emergency lighting dimmers, such as giving up control, so that the accident in the state of emergency lighting to reach 100%. These are the characteristics of intelligent lighting control systems analysis and office bu
36、ildings in a specific application in a number of experiences, hoping to play the role of forward, so that the field of technology in the lighting to fully play its role. 智能照明控制系统 摘要:智能照明控制系统的主要目的是利用“预先设定的“控制方式和控制元件对照明系统进行优化管理,智能照明控制系统在不同时期,不同程度上的照明进行精确设置和合理的节能管理。这种自动调整的照明方式,充分利用室外的自然光,只在必要时当灯或灯光亮度有特
37、殊要求时,用最少的能源,在确保所需的照明度的前提下,达到理想的节能效果,一般可达30%以上。 关键词:智能照明控制系统 总线型 星型结构 1 利用智能照明控制系统的优势 1.1 良好的节能效果 智能照明控制系统的主要目的是节约能源,智能照明是用“预先设定的“控制模式和控制元件的控制系统,在对不同时间的不同光照度进行准确的设置和合理的节能管理。这种自动调整照明方式,采取充分利用室外的自然光,只在必要时当灯或光所需的亮度有要求时,用最少的能源,以确保所需的照明度,节能效果十分明显,通常是超过30%不等。此外,智能照明荧光灯调光控制灯等,由于使用荧光灯电子镇流器有源可调谐滤波器技术,减少了谐波含量,
38、提高了功率因数,降低了低压无功损耗。1.2 延长光源寿命 照明光源不仅可以延长使用寿命,而且还大大减少更换灯泡的工作量,减少照明系统的运作成本,使得管理和维修变得简单。 无论是热辐射光源或是气体放电光源,电压波动是光损伤的重要原因。因此,有效的制止波动电压可以延长光源的寿命。 智能照明控制系统可以成功地抑制电源网络的浪涌电压,但也有限制电压和共轭电流滤波的功能,以避免过电压和欠电压损坏光源。通过使用软启动和使用软关断技术,可以避免损害到光电源。通过这种方法,光源寿命通常可延长为2至4倍。1.3 改善工作环境,提高工作效率 良好的工作环境,是提高效率的一个必要条件。良好的设计和光源,灯具和照明质
39、量控制系统的合理选择,可以提高照明质量。 智能照明控制系统使用的调光控制面板模块,用以取代传统的液位开关控制照明是一种有效的方式来控制整个房间照度值,从而提高照度均匀性。同时,这种控制方法在电器元件使用,也解决了频闪效应,也不会产生不舒服的,混乱的感觉和眼睛疲劳。 1.4 实现了多种灯光效果 一个广泛的照明控制,同样的建设可以有不同的艺术效果并为建筑增色不少。现代建筑,照明不仅是为了履行对光影的视觉效果,设计师们应该有多种方案的控制,使建筑物更加生动,更加美观,给人一种视觉效果和美学的财富。作为一个工程实例,例如展厅,报告厅,大堂,中庭等,如果能利用智能照明控制系统,对不同时期,不同用途,不同
40、的效果采用相应的预设置场景控制,就可以实现丰富的艺术效果。1.5 便于维护管理 智能照明控制系统的控制基础为自动照明控制模块,由人工控制为辅,把预置的灯光场景的参数存储在EPROM中,这些信息可以非常方便的设置和更换,使建筑照明管理和维护更加容易。1.6 具有较高的经济回报率 我们以上海地区为参考,从节能灯和省级这两个估计作出得出这样的结论:三至五年,业主可以恢复基本智能照明控制系统的投资,以后便可以增加收入。 智能照明控制系统可改善环境和提高员工的工作生产率和降低维护和管理成本,而且还为业主节省了大量费用。 2 智能照明控制系统组件 我们知道,楼宇控制系统只是智能照明控制系统一个部分。如果你
41、想专注于各种控制系统,控制中心控制,则控制系统必须具有标准通讯接口和协议的版本。虽然这样的系统集成在理论上是可行的,但它是非常难以付诸实践。因此,在工程中,我们建立一个分布式系统,所谓分布式,即各控制子系统相对独立的智能化,自我包含具体的控制,智能楼宇管理系统相对独立自足,控制子系统实现具体的控制,从控制子系统的智能化楼宇管理系统的实施是一个信号收集和监测作用。 目前,智能照明控制系统按照网拓扑结构可以分为以下两种形式,即总线式和星形结构。这两种形式有更大的灵活性,易于扩展的数量特征,控制的相对独立性,成本低,高可靠性,故障诊断和排除简单,方便的协议,传输速率更高。 工程设计中,我们考虑了智能
42、照明控制系统建设作为一个独立的子系统,采用国际标准和协议使用通讯界面文本进入智能建筑管理系统。智能照明控制系统是采用分布式,并以配送为基础的方法,即调光控制单元相对独立,自成体系,互不干扰,通过集中管理和信息接口,智能楼宇管理系统与建筑物的控制子系统实现收集中心和监测信号测功能。总之,智能照明控制应是一个集中管理,由主干线和信息界面部分组成的控制区域执行信号网络,它的子系统,应该是一个由各类调光模块,控制面板,照明探测器动态和静态和动态组件组成的,分别对控制区域的具体实施不同网络,主系统和子系统,如组件之间,通过接口连接,实现数据传输。 3 智能照明控制系统和控制内容的控制一个项目控制的智能照
43、明控制系统的使用包括以下内容类别:科技办公大厅,计算机中心,报告厅等多功能厅,展览厅,会议中心,大厅和庭院,走廊和电梯等公共现场办公;大厦外墙一般照明并且由智能照明控制系统,以控制开关信号。 控制所包含的内容: 时钟控制 时钟管理,通过电器元件等,以达到在不同的地区正常工作状态的照明时间控制。 自动调整控制照明 通过每个模块和动态调光照明电器元件等作为探测器,在正常条件下实现地区的自动调光控制使该地区照明状态正常工作,如果照明不随外面的阳光因素的变化,并始终保持在默认值照明左右。 控制的区域现场 通过每个调光模块和控制面板和其他电器部件,实现场景灯光控制开关状态正常工作。 静态和动态检测控制
44、通过每个调光模块和电气元件,如运动,探测器,实现自动照明控制开关状态正常工作。 应急控制 通过各种正常的灯光控制模块,如电气调光,组件,实现了各区紧急状态下的照明状正常工作。 手动遥控器 透过红外线遥控器,以达到在正常条件下对该地区的照明控制状态正常工作和手动控制区域场景。 应急照明控制这里主要指智能照明控制系统控制的特殊地区由应急照明控制,包括以下两个控件的实现: (1)在正常照明和区域自动调节控制 (2)随着场景的不同,照明控制方式也不同。 (3)通过对每个国家的紧急自动调光控制,应急照明调光控制模块,如电器元件,以实现下一个应急照明调光器,A国对地区进入紧急状态,如放弃控制权,从而使在事
45、故应急照明状态达到100%。这是智能照明控制系统的分析和特点,希望能发挥前锋的作用,使技术在照明领域,充分发挥其作用。五分钟搞定5000字毕业论文外文翻译，你想要的工具都在这里!在科研过程中阅读翻译外文文献是一个非常重要的环节，许多领域高水平的文献都是外文文献，借鉴一些外文文献翻译的经验是非常必要的。由于特殊原因我翻译外文文献的机会比较多，慢慢地就发现了外文文献翻译过程中的三大利器：Google“翻译”频道、金山词霸（完整版本）和CNKI“翻译助手。具体操作过程如下： 1.先打开金山词霸自动取词功能，然后阅读文献； 2.遇到无法理解的长句时，可以交给Google处理，处理后的结果猛一看，不堪入
46、目，可是经过大脑的再处理后句子的意思基本就明了了； 3.如果通过Google仍然无法理解，感觉就是不同，那肯定是对其中某个“常用单词”理解有误，因为某些单词看似很简单，但是在文献中有特殊的意思，这时就可以通过CNKI的“翻译助手”来查询相关单词的意思，由于CNKI的单词意思都是来源与大量的文献，所以它的吻合率很高。 另外，在翻译过程中最好以“段落”或者“长句”作为翻译的基本单位，这样才不会造成“只见树木，不见森林”的误导。四大工具： 1、Google翻译： google，众所周知，谷歌里面的英文文献和资料还算是比较详实的。我利用它是这样的。一方面可以用它查询英文论文，当然这方面的帖子很多，大家
47、可以搜索，在此不赘述。回到我自己说的翻译上来。下面给大家举个例子来说明如何用吧比如说“电磁感应透明效应”这个词汇你不知道他怎么翻译，首先你可以在CNKI里查中文的，根据它们的关键词中英文对照来做，一般比较准确。 在此主要是说在google里怎么知道这个翻译意思。大家应该都有词典吧，按中国人的办法，把一个一个词分着查出来，敲到google里，你的这种翻译一般不太准，当然你需要验证是否准确了，这下看着吧，把你的那支离破碎的翻译在google里搜索，你能看到许多相关的文献或资料，大家都不是笨蛋，看看，也就能找到最精确的翻译了，纯西式的！我就是这么用的。 2、CNKI翻译： CNKI翻译助手，这个网站
48、不需要介绍太多，可能有些人也知道的。主要说说它的有点，你进去看看就能发现：搜索的肯定是专业词汇，而且它翻译结果下面有文章与之对应（因为它是CNKI检索提供的，它的翻译是从文献里抽出来的），很实用的一个网站。估计别的写文章的人不是傻子吧，它们的东西我们可以直接拿来用，当然省事了。网址告诉大家，有兴趣的进去看看，你们就会发现其乐无穷！还是很值得用的。 3、网路版金山词霸（不到1M）：4、有道在线翻译：翻译时的速度：这里我谈的是电子版和打印版的翻译速度，按个人翻译速度看，打印版的快些，因为看电子版本一是费眼睛，二是如果我们用电脑，可能还经常时不时玩点游戏，或者整点别的，导致最终SPPEED变慢，再之电脑上一些词典（金山词霸等）在专业翻译方面也不是特别好，所以翻译效果不佳。在此本人建议大家购买清华大学编写的好像是国防工业出版社的那本英汉科学技术词典，基本上挺好用。再加上网站如：google CNKI翻译助手，这样我们的翻译速度会提高不少。具体翻译时的一些技巧（主要是写论文和看论文方面） 大家大概都应预先清楚明白自己专业方向的国内牛人，在这里我强烈建议大家仔细看完这些头上长