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1、一、 英文原文：Research of the Mobile Internet of Things Based on TD-SCDMA NetworkAbstractThe Internet of things is a new generation information network which realizes machine-to-machine communication. In view of the fact that people need the mobility of the Internet of things, the integration scheme of TD
2、-SCDMA network and the Internet of things is designed. 3G TD-SCDMA network is used as the basic network of transmitting information of the Internet of things. At the same time, TD-SCDMA mobile terminal is integrated with RFID reader. TD-SCDMA networks can provide high-bandwidth and high-speed inform
3、ation transmission channel for the Internet of things. TD-SCDMA mobile terminal can realize the mobility of the access part for the Internet of things. Additionally, the network element functions of the mobile Internet of things are described. In order to realize the information exchange between TD-
4、SCDMA network and the Internet of things, the communication protocols of the mobile Internet of things are discussed and designed in detail. Finally, the network performance which is gotten by using OPNET software shows the mobile Internet of things based on TD- SCDMA network can be realized by adop
5、ting the rational network design and the effective communication protocols.【Keywords】Mobile Internet of things (M-IoT) TD-SCDMA Integration RFID OPNETINTRODUCTIONInternet of things (IoT) 1 as a new generation of information technology, its application has infiltrated every aspect of daily life, and
6、formed a certain scale of industry. IoT is now widely used in electric power, transportation, industrial control, retail, public services management, health, oil and other industries. It can achieve many functions, such as vehicle anti-theft, security monitoring, automatic vending, machine maintenan
7、ce, public transportation management, and so on. It can improve production efficiency and has a positive of lowering production costs. In the 2G era, the insufficient bandwidth of the mobile communication network (such as GSM and CDMA) limited the diversity of business information carrying mode. So,
8、 the mobility development of IoT is also limited. With the 3G TD-SCDMA mobile communication technology matures and the realization of commercial applications, a new era of the application for IoT is opened. TD-SCDMA network enhances the wireless access network bandwidth and provides the necessary ac
9、cess conditions for the mobility development of IoT. The integration of TD-SCDMA network and IoT can expand the application of IoT, such as the mobile video surveillance, telemedicine, smart transportation, smart logistics, and smart home applications, and so on. The network integration not only tak
10、es advantage of IoT development but also promotes TD-SCDMA application.The remainder of the paper is organized as follows. Firstly, based on TD-SCDMA, the framework of M-IoT is designed. And, the functions of main network elements are described in Sect. II. The communication protocols of M-IoT are g
11、iven in Sect. III. In Sect. IV, a system simulation mode is given by using OPNET software, and the information throughput and the communication time delay are analyzed. A brief conclusion is finally made in Sect. V.NETWORK FRAMEWORKA. Network ArchitectureThe base idea of developing M-IoT based on TD
12、-SCDAM network is as follows. Firstly, it must full use the infrastructure and network elements in TD-SCDMA network. Then, based on TD-SCDMA mobile terminal the RFID reader 1-2 developed. So, the interconnection interface between IoT and TD-SCDMA network is provided. The management platform of IoT w
13、hich is connected with TD-SCDMA core network is added. Finally, M-IoT based on TD-SCDMA network is realized at lower cost and is shown as Fig.1.From Fig.1, it can be seen that the changes of TD-SCDMA network can be summarized as the following five aspects. First, it is the network structure. In orde
14、r to integrate IoT and TD-SCDMA network, the Management platform of M-IoT is added in TD-SCDMA core network. It provides some supports (such as the quality and the location of things, the information inquiry of things) for IoT in network side. Second, it is the interfaces between two networks. One i
15、s the air interface between the TD-SCDMA mobile terminal and things with the RFID tag. Another is the interface between the management platform of M-IoT and GGSN. Third, it is the communication protocol. SIP 3-4 is used as the signaling protocol of application layer. RTP is used as the traffic trans
16、port protocol of application layer. IP is used as transport protocol of network layer in client. At the same time, the network protocols of RNC and SGSN are extended. Fourth, it is the equipment function. TD-SCDMA mobile terminal has RFID reader function besides the communication functions. Addition
17、ally, it supports SIP, RTP and IP through extending its functions. SGSN supports SIP and RTP through extending their functions. Fifth, it is the wireless channel of TD-SCDMA network. The information of M-IoT is transmitted by using the data channels of the mobile terminal and TD-SCDMA network data l
18、inkls.B. Network Element Function1) Tag: It is a RFID tag. It stores information about things, such as the production data, the location and the usage. It accepts the information management and maintenance of the management platform of M-IoT.2) Mobile terminal (MT): It is a dual-mode terminal which
19、includes the TD-SCDMA mobile terminal function and the RFID reader function. It connects with network and tags through air interface. It can operate the tag by accepting the order of the management platform of M-IoT. The tag information is read and processed by MT. Then, MT transmits the information
20、 to the management platform of M-IoT through TD-SCDMA network.3) Radio network controller (RNC) and serving GPRS support node (SGSN): Their functions are extended. 4) Management platform of M-IoT (MP-M-IoT): It provides the network support for M-IoT. It includes the server, the operation system and
21、the database. The server realizes the network processing of the product information. The operation system provides the user interface of M-IoT and realizes the production information query and management. The database stores the information of things.COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLA. Communication LinkFrom F
22、ig.1, it can be seen that the communication links include the signaling link and the data link, and each link is two-way. The signaling link is mainly used to establish and maintain the data communication between MT and MP-M- IoT. The signaling is the application layer signaling and adopts the SIP p
23、rotocol. The communication link between MT and MP-M-IoT will be established by using SIP protocol when MP-M-IoT needs to send the information about things to the RFID tag of things, or MT needs to send the information which is read from the RFID tag to MP-M-IoT. In the communication process between
24、MP-M-IoT and MT, SIP protocol is used to maintain the communication link. In order to reduce the occupancy of the TD-SCDMA network resources, the communication link will be released by using SIP protocol when there isnt the communication between MP-M-IoT and MT in a certain period of time.The data l
25、ink is the traffic information exchange link between the RFID tag and MP-M-IoT. The information of the RFID tag is encapsulated as IP format in MT. Then, the information is sent to MP-M-IoT by MT through TD-SCDMA network. MP-M-IoT will send the information of IP format to MT through TD-SCDMA network
26、 at first when it needs to send the information to the RFID tag. Then, MT converts the IP data packet to RFID communication message and sends it to the RFID tag.B. Communication ProtocolThe followings give the communication protocol of M- IoT.1) Communication Protocol from RFID Tag to MP-M- IoT: As
27、Fig.2 shows: a) Step 1: MT sends an order to read the RFID tag and reads the production information stored in the tag.b) Step 2: The MT is triggered to initiate PDP context activation process in TD-SCDMA network when MT needs to send the information to MP-M-IoT.c) Step 3: The session can be schedule
28、d between MT and MP-M-IoT before MT sends information to MP-M-IoT, namely, it sends a request of establishing a communication link.MT sends a request of establishing a communication link to MP-M-IoT.Based on SIP protocol, the mutual authentication and certification is scheduled between MP-M-IoT and
29、MT. At the same time, media consultation is completed.MP-M-IoT sends a response of establishing communication link to MT.d) Step 4: The information of the RFID tag is encapsulated as IP format in MT. Then, the IP data are sent to MP-M-IoT by the communication link established by step 3.e) Step 5: M-
30、IoT server will process the received data and store them in the database. The operation systme of M- IoT can view the received message.f) Step 6: Next, MT may continue to read the information of RFID tags and send it to MP-M-IoT, or MP-M-IoT sends information to RFID tags through TD- SCDMA network a
31、nd MT.g) Step 7: In order to reduce the occupancy of the TD-SCDMA network resources, TD-SCDMA will send the ending order to MT and MP-M-IoT when there isnt the communication between MP-M-IoT and MT in a certain period of time. So, the wireless data channel and the packet data link are released.2) Co
32、mmunication Protocol from MP-M-IoT to RFID Tag: As Fig.3 shows: a) Step 1: In order to send informatin to MT, MP-M-IoT sends a request of authentication and certification to MT. So, PDP context flow is triggered by TD-SCDMA network-side.b) Step 2: After establishing the PDP context paths between MT
33、and GGSN, the mutual authentication and certification is scheduled between MP-M-IoT and MT based on SIP protocol. At the same time, media consultation is completed.c) Step 3: MP-M-IoT retransmits information of tags to MT.d) Step 4: MT de-encapsulates the receivd IP data packet and sends the written
34、 order and the information to RFID tag.e) Step 5: Next, MP-M-IoT may continue to send information to RFID tags through TD-SCDMA network and MT, or MT reads the information of RFID tags and sends it to MP-M-IoT.f) Step 6: In order to reduce the occupancy of the TD-SCDMA network resources, TD-SCDMA wi
35、ll send the ending order to MT and MP-M-IoT when there isnt the communication between MP-M-IoT and MT in a certain period of time. So, the wireless data channel and the packet data link are released.SIMULATION AND RESULTA. Simulation ModelTo verify the network performance of M-IoT, the network model
36、 is built by using OPNET network simulation software 5. The network topology which is shown in Fig. 4 includes RFID tag (Tag_1Tag_3), MT (MT_1MT_50), Node B (Node B_1 Node B_3), RNC, SGSN, GGSN, MP- M-IoT (M-IoT_server_and_database and Operation_system).B. Performance AnalysisSome assumptions are gi
37、ven as follows. The data communication of M-IoT is the only type of services in above network simulation. The data communication is generated between RFID tags and MP-M-IoT. Mobile terminal MT_1 and the RFID tag Tag_2 move along the path. The data communication is generated randomly. Finally, the si
38、mulation time is one hour. In Fig.5, Fig.6 and Fig.7, the network performances are got by running simulation mode.From Fig.5, it can be seen that Tag_3 and MP-M-IoT can communication with each other when the communication range of RFID reader of MT_1 covers Tag_3. So, the mobile information interact
39、ivity is realized between MP M-IoT and the RFID tags of the fixed objects.From Fig.6, it can be seen that Tag_2 mobile range is in the region the RFID reader network which is built by MT_2 and MT_3. The uninterrupted data communication is realized between Tag_2 and MP- M-IoT. So, the mobile informat
40、ion interactivity is realized between MP-M-IoT and the RFID tags of the mobile objects.In Fig.7, the data stream time delay between the M-IoT server and the RFID tags is shown. The time delay includes the time of RFID reading and writing, the transmission time of TD-SCDMA wireless link, the transmis
41、sion time of TD- SCDMA core network, the transmission time between GGSN and the M-IoT server, the data processing time of function entities. From Fig.7, it can be seen that maximum transmission delay is less than 800 milliseconds, and the time delay can meet the requirement of data communication.CON
42、CLUSIONIn this paper, the realization of M-IoT based on TD-SCDMA network is given. The M-IoT service can extend the business application of TD-SCDMA system, enrich its traffic functions, and extend its application scenes. At the same time, M-IoT expands the application of IoT. The network framework
43、of realizing M-IoT is described. The communication protocols are discussed in detail. Through OPNET modeling and simulation, the result shows that M-IoT can realize the mobile information interactivity for the fixed object and the mobile object. M-IoT based on TD-SCDMA network can not only expand th
44、e application of IoT, but also benefit the promotion of TD-SCDMA network applications.REFERENCES1 L. Yan, H. S. Ning, et al, “Internet of Things: from RFID to the Next Geration Pervasion Networked System,” Auerbach Publications, Taylor & Francis Group, 2006.2 S. Ahson and M. Ilyas, “RFID handbook: A
45、pplications, Technology, Security, and Pri vacy,” Boca Raton, London and New York: CRC Press, 2008.3 ETF Internet Protocol, “RFC 3261, SIP: Session initiation protocol,” June 2002.4 A. A. Kist and R. J. Harris, SIP signaling delay in 3GPP. Fremantle WA: Sixth International Symposiumon Communications
46、 Interworking of IFIP - Interworking, 2002:211-222.5 M. Chen, “OPNET network simulation (in Chinese),” Beijing: China tsinghua university press, 2004. 二、 英文翻译：TD-SCDMA移动物联网研究摘要物联网是新一代能够实现物体与物体之间信息交流的网络。总体看来，TD-SCDMA与物联网的集成满足了人们对移动物联网的需求。TD-SCDMA 3G无线网络被用作物联网传输信息的基础网络。而且，TD-SCDMA无线终端是与RFID（无线射频识别）器相集
47、成的。TD-SCDMA能够为物联网提供带宽很宽高速率的信息传输通道。TD-SCDMA能够实现物联网接口的移动性。而且，物联网的网络组成已经被描述出来。为了实现TD-SCDMA网络与物联网之间的信息交换，移动物联网的通信协议细则还在讨论与制定中。最终，通过OPNET软件仿真所得到的网络性能指标显示基于TD-SCDMA网络的无线物联网在采用合理的网络设计和有效的通信协议的情况下能够实现。【关键词】移动物联网 TD-SCDMA 集成 RFID OPNET 简介物联网作为新一代信息技术，它的应用已经渗入到我们日常生活的各个方面，在工业中也占有很重的比例。物联网先自爱广泛应用于电力、交通、工业控制、销售
48、、公共服务、医疗、石油以及其他工业。它能够实现很多功能，比如车辆防盗，安全监控，自动出售，机械维护，公共交通管理等。能够提高生产效率，降低生产消耗。在2G时代，由于移动通信网络带宽不够，限制了商务信息运输模式的多样性。所以物联网移动性的发展也被限制。随着3G TD-SCDMA无线通信技术的成熟及其商业化应用的实现，物联网应用新时代到来了。TD-SCDMA网络增加无线接入网络带宽，为物联网移动性发展提供必要的接入条件。物联网与TD-SCDMA的集成能拓宽物联网应用范围。例如移动视频监控，远距离医学，智能交通系统，智能后勤服务以及智能家庭应用，等等。TD-SCDMA与物联网的融合，不仅有利于物联网
49、的发展，也促进了TD-SCDMA的应用。本文余下部分组织如下。第一部分是基于TD-SCDMA网络设计的移动物联网架构。其网络主要组成部分的功能将在第二部分讲述。第三部分将讲述通信传输协议。第四部分将给出用OPNET软件仿真得到的仿真模型系统，其中包括信息输出与通信时延的分析结果。最终结论将在第五部分给出。网络架构A：网络架构发展基于TD-SCDMA网络的移动物联网的基本理念如下：第一，必须充分利用TD-SCDMA无线网的基础设施和网络组成。第二，在TD-SCDMA移动终端无线射频识别（RFID）技术成熟的情况下，IoT（物联网）与TD-SCDMA之间的互连接口才能实现。还需要有与TD-SCDMA核心网连接的IoT管理平台。只要达到上述的几个条件，基于TD-SCDMA的M-IoT（移动物联网）才能实现低消耗。其整体结构如fig1。从图1，我们能够将T