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1、CONTENTSUNIT 12Preview2Listening2Text A Winston Churchill3Text B Little Sister of the Poor4Text C Diana, Princess of Wales: 1961 - 19976UNIT 27Preview7Listening7Text A Why They Excel7Text B Methods of Education: East and West9Text C Cheating As Culture: Insights for Foreign Teachers10UNIT 311Preview
2、11Listening11Text A The Tale of a Cultural Translator12Text B A Multicultural Person13Text C A Lifetime of Learning to Manage Effectively15UNIT 416Preview16Listening16Text A Turning Failure into Success16Text B Failure? No! Just Temporary Setbacks18Text C Heart of a Champion20UNIT 521Preview21Listen
3、ing21Text A Holding Onto A Dream22Text B The Soft Sell23Text C Workin for A Livin24UNIT 625Preview25Listening25Text A Nerds and Geeks26Text B Our Changing Lifestyle: Trends and Fads27Text C Popularity That Counts28UNIT 729Preview29Listening29Text A I Became Her Target30Text B Firm, Fair, and Friendl
4、y31Text C The Magic Pebbles32UNIT 833Preview33Listening33Text A Foreword34Text B Smart Machines: Our Tireless Helpers35Text C The Internet37UNIT 938Preview38Listening38Text A Hothouse Earth39Text B The Population Problem: Everybodys Baby40Text C Dangers to the Environment41UNIT 1042Preview42Listenin
5、g42Text A Cloning Good Science or Baaaad Idea43Text B Internet Helps Solve a Medical Mystery45Text C Fuzzy Logic Smart Machine46Unit 1PreviewWhat is it that makes someone great? Why do certain people go down in history as outstanding characters, admired by millions? Are heroes and heroines truly dif
6、ferent from other people more intelligent, more courageous, stronger and better? Or is their fame just a matter of chance? The articles youre going to read in this unit take a closer and more personal look at three very different figures from modern history: Winston Churchill, Mother Teresa and Prin
7、cess Diana. As you read the texts, youll consider the acts these three are famous for; their strength of will, warm spirit and love of life; as well as the difficulties they faced, their personalities and their human nature the “other side” of what made them special.ListeningJennifer: So how was you
8、r visit to the museum?Joanna: Fine. And youll never believe what I saw there: a painting by Winston Churchill! I never knew he was a painter. Jennifer: A painter?! That cant be right. It must have been a different Winston Churchill.Joanna: No, it really was the famous one the Prime Minister. The mus
9、eum guard told me.Jennifer: I dont believe you! When would Winston Churchill the Prime Minister have time to become a painter? He was too busy with the war. People dont become painters overnight, you know!Joanna: Well, World War II didnt last forever. Maybe he became a painter after he retired. Jenn
10、ifer: But he was a politician! Politicians arent artistic. You need passion to be a painter.Joanna: So maybe he had a passionate side to his character that we dont know about. Anyway, if you dont believe me, we can check in the encyclopedia.Text A Winston Churchill His other lifeAbridged from an art
11、icle by Mary SoamesMy father, Winston Churchill, began his love affair with painting in his 40s, amid disastrous circumstances. As First Lord of the Admiralty in 1915, he had been deeply involved in a campaign in the Dardanelles that could have shortened the course of a bloody world war. But when th
12、e mission failed, with great loss of life, Churchill paid the price, both publicly and privately: He was removed from the Admiralty and lost his position of political influence. Overwhelmed by the disaster “I thought he would die of grief,” said his wife, Clementine he retired with his family to Hoe
13、 Farm, a country retreat in Surrey. There, as Churchill later recalled, “The muse of painting came to my rescue!” One day when he was wandering in the garden, he chanced upon his sister-in-law sketching with watercolours. He watched her for a few minutes, then borrowed her brush and tried his hand a
14、nd the muse worked her magic. From that day forward, Winston was in love with painting. Delighted with anything that distracted Winston from the dark thoughts that overwhelmed him, Clementine rushed off to buy whatever paints and materials she could find. Watercolours, oil paints, paper, canvas Hoe
15、Farm was soon filled with everything a painter could want or need. Painting in oils turned out to be Winstons great love but the first steps were strangely difficult. He contemplated the blank whiteness of his first canvas with unaccustomed nervousness. He later recalled: “Very hesitantly I selected
16、 a tube of blue paint, and with infinite precaution made a mark about as big as a bean on the snow-white field. At that moment I heard the sound of a motorcar in the drive and threw down my brush in a panic. I was even more alarmed when I saw who stepped from the car: the wife of Sir John Lavery, th
17、e celebrated painter who lived nearby. “Painting!” she declared. “What fun. But what are you waiting for? Let me have the brush the big one.” She plunged into the paints and before I knew it, she had swept several fierce strokes and slashes of blue on the absolutely terrified canvas. Anyone could se
18、e it could not hit back. I hesitated no more. I seized the largest brush and fell upon my wretched victim with wild fury. I have never felt any fear of a canvas since.” Lavery, who later tutored Churchill in his art, said of his unusual pupils artistic abilities: “Had he chosen painting instead of p
19、olitics, he would have been a great master with the brush.” In painting, Churchill had discovered a companion with whom he was to walk for the greater part of his life. Painting would be his comfort when, in 1921, the death of his mother was followed two months later by the loss of his and Clementin
20、es beloved three-year-old daughter, Marigold. Overcome by grief, Winston took refuge at the home of friends in Scotland and in his painting. He wrote to Clementine: “I went out and painted a beautiful river in the afternoon light with red and golden hills in the background. Many loving thoughts Alas
21、, I keep feeling the hurt of Marigold.” Life and love and hope slowly revived. In September 1922 another child was born to Clementine and Winston: myself. In the same year, Winston bought Chartwell, the beloved home he was to paint in all its different aspects for the next 40 years. My father must h
22、ave felt a glow of satisfaction when in the mid-1920s he won first prize in a prestigious amateur art exhibition held in London. Entries were anonymous, and some of the judges insisted that Winstons picture one of his first of Chartwell was the work of a professional, not an amateur, and should be d
23、isqualified. But in the end, they agreed to rely on the artists honesty and were delighted when they learned that the picture had been painted by Churchill. Historians have called the decade after 1929, when Winston again fell from office, his barren years. Politically barren they may have been, as
24、his lonely voice struggled to awaken Britain to the menace of Hitler, but artistically those years bore abundant fruit: of the 500-odd Churchill canvases in existence, roughly half date from 1930 to 1939. Painting remained a joy to Churchill to the end of his life. “Happy are the painters,” he had w
25、ritten in his book Painting as a Pastime, “for they shall not be lonely. Light and colour, peace and hope, will keep them company to the end of the day.” And so it was for my father.Text B Little Sister of the PoorKenneth L. WoodwardWith a will of iron and a heart of love, Mother Teresa served the d
26、ying and desperate in India and around the world. When she died last week in Calcutta just days after her 87th birthday she was known the world over as Mother Teresa. Thin and bent, she had been hospitalized with numerous illnesses over the last two years. That night, after finishing dinner and her
27、prayers, Mother Teresa complained of a pain in her back. “I cannot breathe,” she told a doctor summoned to her side. Moments later, she died. Shortly after, her nuns tolled a huge metal bell and some 4,000 people gathered in the rain outside among them many of the street people she had served for so
28、 long. Inside, Mother Teresas body was washed, dressed and laid on a bed of ice. One by one the nuns filed past, touching her bare feet in a traditional Indian gesture of respect. Widely regarded as a living saint, Mother Teresa was perhaps the most admired woman in the world. When she appeared at t
29、he side of John Paul II, it was the pope who stood in the tiny nuns shadow. Although she was a Roman Catholic, her simplicity and true concern for the dying, the abandoned and the outcast transcended the boundaries of religion and nationality. “By blood and origin I am Albanian,” she once said of he
30、rself. “My citizenship is Indian. I am a Catholic nun. As to my calling, I belong to the world.” When Sister Teresa first came to India, she taught slum children in Calcutta whose parents were too poor to send them to school. The children called her Mother Teresa, and that is who she became. One day
31、, as she later recalled, she found a woman “half eaten by rats” lying in the street. She sat with her, stroking her head, until the woman died. With that experience a new vocation and a new religious order was born. She decided that her goal would be to minister to the “unwanted, unloved and uncared
32、 for” who filled the streets and slums of her adopted city. And to that end, she gathered a small group of nuns around her. Mother Teresas first clinic was in an old hostel that had once served pilgrims to the temple of Kali, the Hindu goddess of death. She and her nuns converted it into a shelter w
33、here the desperate people they found abandoned on the streets of Calcutta could die in peace. The clinics neighbors objected to the moans and smells, and they complained to the civil authorities. But when a police commissioner arrived to close down the clinic, he was so stunned by the horror and mis
34、ery that he said he would stop Mother Teresa only when the neighbors persuaded their wives and sisters to take over the work the nuns had started. None came forward. Building shelters for the dying was Mother Teresas signature service. Poverty was her chosen way of life. When Pope Paul VI gave her a
35、n expensive car that he had used during a visit to Calcutta in 1964, she sold it without ever stepping inside and used the money to build a clinic in West Bengal. Today, Mother Teresas order numbers more than 4,500 nuns, with 550 centers in 126 countries. Their range of concerns has also expanded to
36、 include AIDS patients, drug addicts and victims of domestic violence. Led by Mother Teresa, the sisters have fed the hungry in Ethiopia, treated radiation victims at Chernobyl and helped families made homeless by an earthquake in America. None of this was achieved through prayer alone. Mother Teres
37、a possessed iron resolve and her tireless efforts to gain support for her clinics proved nearly irresistible. Church authorities and civil authorities gave way to her arguments; chiefs of state who wanted to be identified with her work paid her visits and even begged her to establish clinics in thei
38、r countries. She accepted celebrity as the price of expanding her missionary outreach. As her fame grew, so did her honors. Among the most significant were the Bharat Ratna, or Jewel of India that countrys highest civilian award and the 1979 Nobel Peace Prize. At her request, the Nobel committee ski
39、pped the usual lavish dinner for the prizewinner, and gave the money to the poor.But Mother Teresa also had her critics. Advocates of womens rights protested her steady fight against both abortion and birth control. There were medical authorities who said her work let governments ignore their respon
40、sibilities toward the poorest members of society. Even the Catholic Church was sometimes uneasy about her independent ways. But to the millions of Indians who called her Mother, and to the millions more who deeply admired her countless acts of mercy, Mother Teresa lit a path to saintliness and invit
41、ed others to follow it.Text C Diana, Princess of Wales: 1961 - 1997Lady Diana Spencer, the Princess of Wales, died in a car accident last week as she and her companion, Dodi al-Fayed, attempted to escape photographers in a high-speed chase through Paris. Lady Diana, during a 17-year period in the pu
42、blic eye, evolved from “Shy Di”, the girlishly sweet fiancee of the heir to the British throne, to “Princess Di”, the most photographed woman in the world. Finally she became the “Queen of Hearts”, beloved by millions for her humanitarian concerns and for the way she had of letting the world know th
43、at royalty is human too. Diana was the youngest child of Earl Spencer and his first wife. Her parents troubled marriage ended in divorce when Diana was still a child. She was educated at private schools in England and Switzerland before taking a part-time job at a London kindergarten. Her engagement
44、 to Charles, the Prince of Wales, a longtime family friend, was announced in February 1984, and both the media and the public immediately fell in love with her beauty, her graceful bearing and her charmingly shy mannerisms. “Princess Di”, with her changing hairstyles and increasingly expensive cloth
45、es, rapidly evolved into a symbol of fashion. Publishers paid huge sums for photographs of the princess, and aggressive photographers followed her everywhere and flooded the media with photos of her private life. The princess was often criticized as a shallow publicity seeker, but she used her celeb
46、rity to focus public attention on numerous humanitarian causes. Her duty visits to hospitals, clinics and shelters were characterized by the warm concern Diana showed as she spent hours playing with sick children, holding AIDS patients hands and listening to the sad stories of the needy. Accustomed
47、to a formal and stuffy royal family, the British public was delighted. In private, however, difficulties were growing. Dianas marriage to Charles was a troubled one, and the princess struggled with many personal problems, including depression and eating disorders. Diana was unaccustomed to being con
48、stantly in the public eye; and there were growing conflicts with the royal family, who felt that her behavior was not entirely suitable for a princess. To their embarrassment, the breakdown of the Waless marriage became a major media event, in which both Charles and Diana hurled bitter and alarming accusations. The couple formally separated in 1992 and divorced in 1996. For her millions of fans around the gl