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1、大连海洋大学本科毕业设计外文资料及翻译外文资料及译文Analysis of Strengthening Method For High-Piled WharfsAbstract The main factors which cause the structural disease of high-piled wharfs, and the characteristic of strengthening methods are introduced and analysed taking a high-piled wharf as an example le. Finaly a strength
2、ening and rehabilitation method for the wharf is proposed, which can be used as the reference for the design of similar structural project subsequently.KEY WORDS: strengthening, high-piled wharf, structural design1.ForewordTo guarantee the safe and normal usage of a wharf, in addition to at design,
3、the construction stage provides the good inborn condition for a wharf, at use the stage to also need to catty on the long-term maintenance to a wharf. When a wharf appears the harm, aging etc. phenomenon or suffers the disaster, still need to carry on the check and examine a patient to a wharf, and
4、adopt to correspond of maintain or reinforce the measure.The disease of a wharf harms the main performance to become rusty the eclipse, concrete carbonization, concrete corrosion, the concrete piece to cut to face to decrease for the reinforcing bar, the concrete opens the, water, leaking, the struc
5、ture spend greatly, the structure tilts to one side to be partial to move etc. But produce the factor that these disease harm contain following several aspectses:(1) The building design quantity level, design especially medium to the consideration degree of the consideration degree of the durables;(
6、2) The function that constructs the material satisfies the degree of enduring sex request;(3) The construction quantity level, the craft measure of the exaltation concrete and the structure durable;(4) Building the environment condition of the place, an atmosphere, groundwater and corrosion factor w
7、ithin the industry environment.Table 1 introduce in common use reinforce the characteristic of method and apply the circumstance, and combine the solid example of engineering carries on the analysis.Table 1Reinforce the methodMain characteristicsApply the scopeThe enlargement cuts to face the method
8、Enlarge the piece to cut with the of same race material to accumulate in every aspect， exaltation structure loading ability and satisfy normal usage requestGeneral structure of beam, plank, pillar, walletc.A steel reinforces the methodReinforce with a steel at an on all sides pack, cut to face the s
9、ize and external to affect very small, loading the ability exaltation compare reatly, be subjected to the dint more dependableBe applicable to disallow to enlarge the concrete to cut to face but need the structure of the exaltation loading dint againThe exterior glues the steel to reinforce the meth
10、odGlue to stick the steel plate in an exterior of the concrete, load the dint with the exaltation, cut to face the size increment not much, the external appearance influence is smallNormal temperature environment under of is generally be subjected to by bend, to pull the piece of and medium light cl
11、ass the work makes the hoist beamGlue the fiber to build up compound material cloth to reinforce outsideThe exterior glues to stick carbon fiber cloth etc.Load the dint exaltation very big, glue to stick easily, cut to face to increase the thickness very small, outward the view affect smaller, the a
12、nti-decays the ability strongNormal temperature environment under of be subject to pull, be subjected to curved, be subjected to press the piece of and across the corrosion an etc. of piece, anti-greatlyPrepare should the dint reinforce the methodAdopt the in addition prepare should the dint steel p
13、ull the pole or support the pole, carrying on reinforce to the structure, loading the dint and the anti-etc. with the exaltationAcross the structure and large structure greatlyIncrease to establish the fulcrum to reinforce the methodIncrease to establish to prop up the point, let up the structure to
14、 across the degree and transform, correspond to improve the total loading ability of structureBeam, plank and an etc.Give the beam pulls out the pillar out the pillar techniqueUnder the condition of not dismantle or little dismantle the upper part structure or tore down or replace or connect the tec
15、hnique of the long postChange usage function and enlarge the old building of the indoor space reformationIncrease to establish to prop up the system and shear the dint wall to reinforce the methodStrengthen the structure resistance level lotus carries the ability and sides to just degree and stabili
16、tyThe anti-side dint reinforceIncrease to establish to pull the knot contact to reinforce the methodIn the house peripheral, lengthways, horizontal, to increase and establish and correspond of pull the knot contact, strengthen the whole stability of structure, keep accident trouble from descend the
17、occurrence tumbles down continuouslyThe assemble type structure anti-tumbles down continuously and the anti-earthquake reinforceThe crack repair techniqueThe instauration or part recovers the loading ability, durable, water tightness and beauty etc. that structure because of crack loseVarious concre
18、te structure3. solid example of engineerings3.1 Engineering general situationA wharf (figure 1) of some pose of set up in1960, use up to now already 46 years. Long breadth ofof the whole wharf building flat surface size=the 84m 5.2m. The close together and horizontal row an of the ash wharf be apart
19、 from 4.5ms, account 19 horizontal row. If see the structure part of an of close together and horizontal row make the unit, account 18 units. An of close together and horizontal row is inclined prop up, the whole wharf is constitute by the corpus structure and the wharf equipments two parts. The cor
20、pus structure next the beam bottom face high distance is 2.0ms, the crest face high distance is 2.5M, ascend the beam bottom to face high distance is5.0M, the crest face high distance is5.5M, high distance of set of is 1.5M. The wharf front-panel wears the thick 30 mms of layer, sprinkling to build
21、with the No.200 (equal to C20) concrete.3.2 Engineering structure present conditionAccording to the spot to the inquisition and examinations of the ash wharf, the beam of the wharf upper part structure (a structure of), inclined prop up the breakage and cracks of the different from upper part struct
22、ure etc. have degree, parts of pieces of contain a of reinforcing bar, and become rusty the eclipse severity, causing the upper part structure loading ability lower. Is a wharf to depend the ship piece particularly at anchor the boats and ships to bump the shot under damaged severity, parts of piece
23、 of complete breakage. The wharf U from steel structure is be subjected to by the ship piece the ships bumps the shot, widespread have the cave and convex asymmetry to transform, the part transforms seriously, and become rusty the eclipse severity. Figure 2 is parts of plane charts of that wharf.3.3
24、 The concrete material strength examination circumstanceLine up one set of along shore in the wharf, 11, 17,18 lines of up the difference selected by examination random 10 measure the area, carrying on the concrete strengths return to play the value to carry on the correction to the concrete, making
25、 sure that the concrete strength assesses the value. Respectively at 11 number pillar right sides, upper rights, 17 number pillar right sideses, 17 numberses that the ash wharf upper part structure pulls in to shore the side with 186 with total left side and set of that faces the shore side beam , 1
26、8 number pillars of the number pillars, carry on drill a hole to take the. Take the diameter of as 8 cms, long is above for 12 cms. Adopt the tries to try the piece to carry on the carbonization depth test towards drilling the concrete of. Examine the result enunciation, the carbonization depth of t
27、he ash wharf upper part structure concrete piece lies between the 2-13 mms, the detailed record sees the table 2. Carry on press to experiment to the concrete kind, experiment the result to see the table 2.Table 2Drill a hole to take the concrete strength to experiment the dataSerial number12345Posi
28、tion11number pillars17 number pillar right sides17, 18 of the number pillars face the shore side beam18 number pillar left sides18 number pillar setsThe carbonization depth value (mm)213266The anti-presses the strength to experiment the value (MPa)48.947.448.230.426.4The comprehensive consideration
29、drills a hole to take the concrete strength to experiment the data and return to play to experiment the result, the wharfs upper part structure concrete strength grade can assess for the C20, satisfying to design the request of the No.200 concrete at first.3.4 In the concrete structure reinforcing b
30、ar conditionThe structure is total to undergo military service already 50years, seeing the solid of the concrete better from the concrete carbonization on depth of the examination.A carbonization on of depth of a structure of the wharf is a 2-13 mms, the concrete protects the design thickness of the
31、 layer as 25 mms, explain that carbonization didnt arrive the reinforcing bar surface. But beam, pillar last many places have a of reinforcing bar, and have already take place to become rusty the eclipse phenomenon, causing enduring sex expiration of the concrete structure easily. Suggest to brush t
32、he close-grained cement sand syrup in the concrete outward appearance face powder, before reinforce carry on infusing the syrup processing to the crack.3.5 A structure of the wharf row loads the dint analysis and calculations(1) Cut to face the shape parameter (table 3) and material calculation para
33、metersTable 3Pole pieceWidth (m)Height (m)Cut to face the area(m2)Cut to face the inertial(m4)Horizontal support0.30.60.180.0054Inclined support0.30.40.120.0016Sign the pillar0.30.40.120.0016Contact the beam0.30.30.090.00068Depend the ship signs the pillar0.30.350.110.0011Horizontal beam0.31.10.330.
34、0333Concrete: C15, the strength design be worth 7.5 MPa; Main reinforcing bar: HPB235, the strength design is worth the 210Ns/mm2;Hoop reinforcing bar: HPB235, the strength design is worth the 210Ns/mm2；Protect the layer thickness as: 25mmHeavy degree of material: 25 kN/m3;Design the ship type press
35、es to load down the 2000 t oil ship consideration. The ships bumps the shot dint to load the control lotus that the dint checks to calculate to carry for the wharf structure.(2) The total dint inside the effect combination of function wraps the value of (table 4)Pole pieceThe stalk dint max (kN)The
36、stalk dint min (kN)Shear the dint max (kN)Shear the dint min (kN)The bent dint max (kNm)The bent dint min (kNm)Horizontal support73.1-2.114.4-83.9228.1-61.9Inclined support123.408.1-5.03.1-9.6Sign the pillar331.5-53.863.6-19.652.8-49.4Contact the beam0-77.119.4-11.78.6-31.1Depend the ship signs the
37、pillar59.9-12.473.1-57.216.7-28.1Horizontal beam0070.4-67.470.6-105.1(3) The function total effect dint inside the combination wraps the value of and loading the ability extreme limit appearance hold out for long time combination check calculatea. The horizontal beam loading dint checks to calculate
38、Just cut to face the curved loading dint of anti- to check to calculate: Max=119.7kNmMu=249.1kNm (Satisfy the request)The inclined piece faces the anti- to shear to load the dint to check to calculate: Vmax=146.8kNVu=225.6kN (Satisfy the request)b. Horizontal beam and length ways the level support o
39、utside of an extreme limit of each of the loading dint check to calculate.In an extreme limit of each loading dint check calculate, will line up a whole calculation. The calculation that considers and takes no account of the beneficial function that the U form steel protects the as a result compares
40、, the latter number is bigger to have high request to calculate adopt behind a kind of circumstance get of inside the dint is the biggest value in the function effect.From 5 calculation results of table it is thus clear that, under the condition that current lotus carry, depend the dissatisfied foot
41、 request of the loading dint of the ship piece. Depend a conduct and actions of the ship acceptance ships bumps the shot dint to mainly be subjected to the dint piece, should raise to cut the safe storage of face the resistance, wanting to raise an anti- for face to shear to load the dint particular
42、ly. Encrypt the hoop or enlarge the hoop to cut the area towards ising carry on by the ship pillar to reinforce should.c. Lengthways the level supports the extreme limit loading dint to check to calculateJust cut to face the curved loading dint of anti- to check calculate: Mmax=83.9kNmMu=87.3kNm (Sa
43、tisfy the request)The inclined piece faces the anti- to shear to load the dint to check to calculate: Vmax=63.6kNVu=71.8kN (Satisfy the request)3.6 The wharf structure reinforces and reforms the projectWharf of whole check to calculate the enunciation with a loading of dint, anchor the oil ship of t
44、he 200t, a whole loading dint of horizontal row can satisfy the norm request; but depend the ship piece and sign the pillar loading dint cant satisfy the norm request. To depend the ship piece, the anti- bends to shear the all dissatisfied foot request with anti-; opposition pillar, mainly is an ant
45、i to bend the dissatisfied foot request.Comprehensive above relevant calculation analytical, to that wharf, can consider to reinforce and reform the project as follows:(1) Depend the ship piece reinforces the projectThrough this front of the loading ability the extreme limit appearance check to know
46、 on the whole, depend the ship piece become the weak link that bears the ships to bump the shot dint, needing to adopt to reinforce the measure with raise its extreme limit loading dint. Through project of full ratio choose, adopt to move to project the and the U form steel pieces in addition to the
47、 existing tie up type rubber, change to use to is protect by better rubber of the dint function, and enlarge the which of depend the ship pillar and encrypt the hoop. For lengthways the level support, in it across with contact of the perpendicular and short pillar lengthways, to raise whole be subje
48、ct to the dint function.Follow the wharf to cut to face the width to increase the 300 mms lengthways, a side is each to increase 420 reinforcing bars, the hoop diameter enlarge for the 8 mms, is apart from to let up for the 100 mms, adding the hoop welding on the original hoop lately. After reinforce of cut and facing to go together with the detailed diagram sees the figure 3. The concrete uses the C30.Depend the ship piece in each one up install a the super arch form rubber to pr