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1、有关地方高校城市规划专业工程实践能力培养的探析中英文对照On the training of the local university city planning professional engineering practice ability in Chinese and English.章通过对地方高校城市规划专业工程实践能力培养的探索与实践的研究，基于“理论研究调研分析实习训练工程实践”模式，提出了培养地方高校城市规划专业工程实践能力的措施，全面提高学生综合素质，为地方建设提供“会规划、能设计、懂管理”的应用型人才。Chapter through the research and pr
2、actice of training of local university city planning professional engineering practice ability , based on the theoretical research, analysis, training, engineering practice mode, put forward the training of local university city planning professional engineering practice ability measures, improve st
3、udents comprehensive qualities, to provide application talent planning, can design, understand the management for the local construction.关键词：地方高校；城市规划；工程实践能力培养；探索与实践Keywords: Local University; city planning; the training of engineering practice ability; exploration and Practice前言Preface在我国高等教育大众化、现代
4、化进程中，地方本科院校起着举足轻重的作用，高校、特别是地方高校人才培养质量问题成为全社会关注的焦点。地方建设尤其是小城镇建设、新农村建设等工程项目急需地方高校给予支持与合作，因此，对于地方高校工程建设专业人才的培养，应当在宏观思考、微观操作、教学实践、教学运行、产学研三者结合等方面做严肃认真的思考。基于这样的思考，我们的教学团队一直坚持不懈地在教学与实践中探索如何基于“理论研究调研分析实习训练工程实践”模式，强化学生工程意识，培养与训练学生以工程实践能力为核心，全面提高综合素质，为地方建设提供“会规划、能设计、懂管理”的应用型人才。In the process of higher educat
5、ion popularization, modernization of our country, local colleges play a decisive role, especially in Colleges and universities, is becoming the focus of attention of the whole society quality of talents cultivation in local colleges and universities. Local construction especially in urgent need of l
6、ocal colleges and universities in the construction of small towns, the new rural construction and other projects to support and cooperation, therefore, training for local colleges and universities construction professionals, should in the macroscopic, microscopic operation thinking, teaching practic
7、e, teaching, research the combination of the three, serious consideration. Based on this, our teaching team has been unremittingly to explore how to based on the theoretical research, analysis, training, engineering practice mode of practice in the teaching and practice, to strengthen the engineerin
8、g consciousness of students, to cultivate and train the engineering practice ability as the core, improve the overall quality, to provide application talent planning, can design, understand the management for the local construction.一、城市规划专业工程实践能力培养的目的与意义Objective and significance of culture, city pl
9、anning professional engineering practice ability.笔者试图结合调研组织跨学科力量开展教学、设计与实践等教学，建立学校与行业、企业沟通的工程技术教育训练体系，实现“工程教育”和“教育服务社会”的相互促进和双重超越。The author tries to design and practice of teaching, combined with the research organization to carry out interdisciplinary strength teaching, build schools and industry,
10、 enterprise communication engineering and technical education and training system, the realization of engineering education and education to service society to promote each other and double transcendence.（一）培养学生工程实践能力( a ) to cultivate students ability of engineering practice在传统的专业教学过程中，只是以理论知识教学为主，
11、辅以趋于“理想化”的课程设计，学生应对实践工程项目的能力较弱。该项目计划主要就是针对此问题，通过执行“理论研究调研分析实习训练工程实践”计划模式，旨在培养学生的工程实践能力，在实践中提高专业技能。In the traditional teaching process of professional theoretical knowledge, but to the teaching, and tends to be ideal curriculum design , students should practice project ability. The project is mainly
12、to solve this problem, through the implementation of theoretical research, analysis, training, engineering practice practice mode, in order to cultivate students ability of engineering practice, to improve the professional skills in practice.（二）注重师生科研成果的社会实用性( two ) the social utility of the teacher
13、 and students achievements in scientific research教师、学生将调研报告、科研论文、工程项目设计图文等作为科研成果，能为政府及规划设计部门提供项目工程实践的理论研究和措施建议，能加强工程项目设计的深度，因此，师生的科研成果应严格执行“理论研究调研分析实习训练工程实践”模式，以加强科研成果的社会实用性。Teachers, students will research reports, research papers, project design graphic as scientific research, can provide the sugg
14、estion of theoretical research and engineering practice of the measures for the government and planning departments, to strengthen project design depth, therefore, teachers and students scientific research should strictly implement the theoretical research, analysis, training, research the engineeri
15、ng practice mode of practice, to strengthen the social utility of scientific research.（三）提高教师的业务能力( three ) improve the teachers professional ability教师通过理论研究、参与工程项目实践，指导学生的同时，提炼自身专业技能，提高工程实践能力，提高实践教学能力。Teachers through theoretical study, participate in project practice, guide the students at the sam
16、e time, refine their professional skills, improve the ability of engineering practice, to improve practical teaching ability.（四）提高湘西北地区新农村整治规划工程项目的效率( four ) to improve the efficiency of Northwestern Hunan area new rural planning project如今，全国新农村建设已进入一个新的阶段，但是，包括湘西北地区在内的中很多农村，许多项目并没有得以具体实施，设计只是一纸空文，而
17、且缺乏深度与特色。因此，培养地方建设应用型人才，提高湘西北地区新农村整治规划工程项目实践的效率和效果，是该项目的研究要解决的重要问题，也是我校城市规划专业培养人才的主要目标。Now, new rural construction of our country has entered a new stage, however, many rural including northwest Hunan, many projects have not been specific implementation, design is just a mere scrap of paper, and the
18、 lack of depth and characteristics. Therefore, cultivating applied talents of local construction, raise the efficiency and effect of Northwestern Hunan area new rural planning project practice, is an important problem to be solved on the project, the main target is our city planning professional per
19、sonnel training.二、“理论调研实训实践”模式的探索Two, theory, research, practice, practice mode我们的教学团队在教学与实践中坚持基于“理论研究调研分析实习训练工程实践”模式，探索如何强化学生工程意识、培养与训练学生以工程实践能力，并全面提高综合素质，为地方建设提供“会规划、能设计、懂管理”的应用型人才。Our teaching team in the teaching and Practice on theoretical research, based on the investigation and analysis, trai
20、ning and practice mode, explore how to strengthen the engineering consciousness of students, to cultivate and train the engineering practice ability, and improve the overall quality, to provide application talent planning, design, understand the management for local construction.（一）课堂中教学团队开展新农村整治规划理
21、论专题讲授( a ) the classroom - teaching team to carry out special new rural community planning theory teaching教师通过结合教学大纲的要求和专业课程的设置情况，指导学生学习城市规划原理、小城镇规划资料集、村镇建设、相关村镇规划标准及新农村规划优秀设计方案等书籍文献，加深学生对小城镇规划、新农村规划等理论知识的熟悉。Arrangement of teachers by combining the requirements of the syllabus and curriculum, guide
22、students to learn city planning principle , small town planning data set , rural construction , the relevant planning standards and the new rural planning design, excellent books, the students in the small town planning, the new rural planning theory knowledge.（二）课堂外教师带领学生赴湘西北地区农村开展调研并参与工程实践( two )
23、class - teachers lead students to Northwest Hunan rural areas to carry out research and in engineering practice1指导教师与相关部门联系，带领学生深入湘西北地区农村，开展村庄建设现状的实地调研，针对湘西北地区新农村的建设现状撰写调研报告，为后期的科研工作和工程实践做好准备。1 teachers with related departments, to lead the students to rural development in northwestern Hunan Provinc
24、e, field research current situation of the village construction, writing research reports for the construction of new rural area north of Xiangxi, to prepare for the later research work and engineering practice.2教师带领学生赴实习基地，参加新农村整治规划工程项目实践的实习与训练，提高工程实践能力，为日后的工程项目实践打下基础。2 teachers lead students to pr
25、actice base, practice and training to participate in the new rural planning project practice, improve the ability of engineering practice, and lay the foundation for the future practice of Engineering project.3教师指导学生针对调研结果，提出湘西北地区新农村整治规划的措施与建议，并公开发表科研论文。针对调研结果，提出湘西北地区新农村整治规划的措施与建议，教师争取在核心期刊公开发表相关论文，
26、教师指导学生争取在省级以上期刊公开发表相关科研论文。3 teachers guide students according to the research results, proposed measures and suggestions for new rural community planning in Northwest Hunan, and published research papers. According to the research results, proposed measures and suggestions for new rural community pl
27、anning in Northwest Hunan, teachers for the core journals published papers, teachers guide students to strive for in the provincial journals published related research papers.4教师与相关设计单位联系，教师亲自参与，同时指导学生参与湘西北地区新农村整治规划工程项目的设计。4 teachers and related design units, teachers personally involved in the desi
28、gn at the same time, guiding students to participate in the north area of Xiangxi new rural planning project.三、提高地方高校城市规划专业工程实践能力的措施Three, improve the local university city planning professional engineering practice ability measures（一）将理论教学、实验训练与工程实践紧密结合( a ) combined with practical experiments and
29、engineering theory teaching, training理论教学与实践环节的相互脱节，是工程教育易患的毛病，我们探索“理论教学、实验教学、工程实践”三者的有机结合和相互穿插、渗透。从教学规划上提高质量和效益，转变单一规划的人才培养为多层次、多类型、多目标培养，促进学生知识、能力、素质的协调与全面发展，具有很强的现实意义。The disjoint of theory teaching and practice, is susceptible to engineering education problems, we explore theory teaching, experi
30、mental teaching, engineering practice of combine the three and mutual penetration, penetration. To improve the quality and efficiency of the teaching plan, changing a single planning personnel training for the multi-level, multi-type, multi target culture, promote the harmonious and all-round develo
31、pment of students knowledge, ability and quality, has the very strong practical significance.（二）突显工程教育特色，促进工程实践回归( two ) feature engineering education highlights, promote the engineering practice of regression目前我国工程教育存在的主要问题之一是过分侧重工程科学分析，轻视工程实践训练。人才培养模式格式单一、课程结构不合理，知识面窄，教师学生缺乏工程实践经验等。本课题试图建立学校与行业、企业
32、沟通的工程技术教育训练体系，聘请企业工程技术人员参与教学改革，知道教学设计。组织学生进驻设计部门、实习基地，亲身感受和参与工程实践。突出学生的主体作用，促进工程实践回归，实现“技术性实践”向“反思性实践”的转变，为地方培养工程建设急需的“会规划、能设计、懂管理”的应用型人才，具有重要的社会意义。One of the main problems existing in Chinas engineering education at present is too much emphasis on engineering science analysis, contempt of engineeri
33、ng practice and training. Mode single, curriculum structure of talent cultivation is not reasonable, narrow range of knowledge, lack of practical experience of teachers and students of engineering. This paper tries to set up schools and industry, enterprise communication engineering and technical ed
34、ucation and training system, employing enterprise engineering and technical personnel involved in the teaching reform, know the teaching design. Organize students into the design department, practice base, experience and participation in engineering practice. The main role of students, promote the e
35、ngineering practice of regression, the realization of practical to practical , train local engineering construction are in urgent need of planning, design, understand the management applied talents, has important social significance.（三）开发复合型城市规划技术教育课程，改观城市规划专业教学内容( three ) the development of composi
36、te city planning technology education curriculum, teaching content of city planning major.当今科学技术发展的一个明显特点是，学科交叉不断增强，新技术大量涌现。新技术打破了工程职能之间的严格界限，新技术大都是多学科的，这就需要高校清除旧的学科界限，加强跨学科教育，使工科学生能够运用工程的系统方法去思考和解决问题。这对于转变传统的专业教育为综合的工程技术教育，具有重要的实际意义。An obvious feature of the development of science and technology is
37、 increasing, interdisciplinary, new technologies emerge. The new technology has broken the strict boundaries between the functions of the project, new technology is multidisciplinary, which requires the removal of the old boundary of discipline, strengthen the interdisciplinary education, so that st
38、udents can use system engineering method to think and solve problems. The professional education, change the traditional engineering education, has important practical significance.（四）充分利用地方教育资源，形成区域人才培养特色，开创地方城市规划教育新局面( four ) to make full use of local educational resources, form the characteristic
39、 culture of regional talent, and create a new situation in city planning education从目前的社会需求与就业形势来看，将来地方本科院校城规专业学生的就业，应以中小城镇为主要发展方向，认清形势，明确方向，有针对性地为中小城镇建设培养应用型人才。我校规划专业于2004年开始招收本科生，办学时间短，师资力量不足，但是，我校地处湘西北地区，是本地区文化教育中心，与地方设计院所有着良好的合作基础。本课题重点探索地方高校城市规划专业教育主动出击，走出校门，适应地方社会发展需要，服务地方，充分利用行业、企业中丰富的工程实践教学资源
40、，形成区域人才培养特色，走出地方本科院校城市规划教育狭窄于技术和技术上狭窄的阴影，实现从消极被动和适应到积极主动创新的转变，力争实现“工程教育”和“教育服务社会”的相互促进和双重超越，努力开创地方本科院校城市规划专业教育的新局面。From the social demand and employment situation at present, future local undergraduate college students of the city planning major employment, should be small and medium-sized cities an
41、d towns as the main direction of development, a clear understanding of the situation, a clear direction, to cultivate practical talents for the construction of small towns. Planning specialty in our college in 2004 began to recruit students, school time is short, lack of teachers, however, our schoo
42、l is located in the northwestern Hunan area, the region is the center of culture and education, all a good basis for cooperation with local design institutes. This paper focuses on the education of local university city planning major initiative, out of school, to meet the needs of social developmen
43、t, local service, make full use of engineering practice teaching resources rich industry, enterprise culture, characteristics of the formation of regional talent, out of the city planning education in local colleges stenosis on technology and technology of narrow shadow, to the realization of the from passive to active and innovative, and strive to achieve the engineering education and education to service society to promote each other and double transcendence, strive to create a new situation in Local Undergraduate College of city planning specialty education.