《Chinese classical garden中国园林英语论文.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Chinese classical garden中国园林英语论文.doc（5页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、 Chinese classical gardenGarden culture takes very important part in Chinese culture in both ancient people and modern people Key word： History Elements The classical gardens of SuzhouChinese garden, and its associated garden culture are expressions of Chinese vernacular landscape architecture aesth
2、etics. Several cultural factors to form Classical Chinese Gardens and make it distinctive include Neolithic shamanism(萨满教), Geomancy（撒土占卜）, Confucianism and Taoism. Chinese garden has long history。Since Shang Dynasty，The royal park was designed as a raised platform surrounded by lush vegetation in t
3、he palace where feasts were held.Successive dynasties expanded this idea into imperial hunting parks with scenic compositions of rocks and plants.Warring States，Tiger Hill (Chinese: 虎丘) was built The ultimate realization of the power aesthetic was realized by Qin Shihuang who turned the entire Wei V
4、alley into a regional park dotted with 300 palaces connected by raised walkways in a microcosmic model of the universe.When the history turns to Western Han Dynasty Upper-Forest Garden (上林园). This park combined the features of relax. Kunming Lake with a recreation of the three fairy islands in the c
5、enter, a motif that would become a common feature of later designs. Natural elements Eastern Han Dynasty An aesthetic of elegant simplicity was promoted to match an ethic of moderation. The idea of small is beautiful became the new measure of a gardens success. Small and simpleDevelopment Tang Dynas
6、ty : multiplied number Song Dynasty : high art It was at this time Suzhou became the center of all intellectual life and garden design in China.Ming Dynasty : peakQing Dynasty : degeneration ostentation and ornament (炫耀，装饰)Elements The design of Chinese gardens was to provide a way to come back to o
7、nes inner heart, to come back to ancient idealism. Chinese gardens are a place they could be far away from their real social lives, and close to the ancient way of life, their true selves, and nature. This was an escape from the frustration and disappointment of the political problems in China. The
8、garden scenes are all constructed to be best viewed from a pavilion or a path. It is the location of the building; however, that determines the circulation of paths. The path itself can become architectonic by the addition of roof and screen walls. These screen walls often have moon-shaped doorways
9、and small windows in the shapes of vases and apples.The sculptural Taihu rock is especially prized because it represents wisdom and immortality, and is only procurable from Tai Lake. Such rocks, combined with streams and pools, form the basis of a gardens plan. The softness of water offsets the soli
10、dity of the rocks, while also acting to reflect the constantly changing sky above. Goldfish, carp(鲤鱼), and mandarin ducks are three of the most commonly raised fauna. The goal of the design is to make the scenery beautiful, the surrounding is quiet and cool, Also, small fountains were a favorite.Bam
11、boo represents a strong but resilient character. Often pine is used to represent longevity, persistence, tenacity and dignity. Flowering peaches are grown for spring color, and sweet olive as well. Peonies symbolize wealth and banana trees are used simply for the sound they make in the breeze. UNESC
12、O World Heritage SiteHumble Administrators Garden拙政园 Lingering Garden留园 Master of the Nets Garden网师园 Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty环秀山庄 Great Wave Pavilion沧浪亭 Lion Grove Garden狮子林 Garden of Cultivation艺圃 Couples Retreat Garden偶园 Retreat & Reflection Garden退思园Refence :中国古典园林分析 彭一刚著/1986-12-01/中
13、国建筑工业出版社 园庭信步中国古典园林文化解读 曹林娣著/2003-05-01/中国建筑工业出版社 生命列车The Train Of Life1. 不久以前，我读了一本书。书中把人生比作一次旅行。2. 人生一世，就好比是一次搭车旅行，要经历无数次上车、下车; 时常有事故发生; 有时是意外惊喜，有时却是刻骨铭心的悲伤 3. 降生人世，我们就坐上了生命列车。我们以为我们最先见到的那两个人-我们的父母，会在人生旅途中一直陪伴着我们。 4. 很遗憾，事实并非如此。他们会在某个车站下车，留下我们，孤独无助。他们的爱、他们的情、他们不可替代的陪伴，再也无从寻找。 5. 尽管如此，还会有其他人上车。他们当中
14、的一些人将对我们有着特殊的意义。 6. 他们之中有我们的兄弟姐妹, 有我们的亲朋好友。我们还将会体验千古不朽的爱情故事。7. 坐同一班车的人当中，有的轻松旅行。8. 有的却带着深深的悲哀 还有的,在列车上四处奔忙，随时准备帮助有需要的人 9. 很多人下车后，其他旅客对他们的回忆历久弥新 但是，也有一些人，当他们离开座位时，却没有人察觉。10. 有时候，对你来说情深义重的旅伴却坐到了另一节车厢。你只得远离他，继续你的旅程。11. 当然，在旅途中，你也可以摇摇晃晃地穿过自己的车厢，去别的车厢找他 12. 可惜，你再也无法坐在他身旁，因为这个位置已经让别人给占了 .13. 没关系。旅途充满挑战、梦想
15、、希望、离别 就是不能回头。因此，尽量使旅途愉快吧！14. 善待旅途上遇见的所有旅客，找出人们身上的闪光点。15. 永远记住，在某一段旅程中，有人会犹豫彷徨，因为我们自己也会犹豫彷徨。16. 我们要理解他人，因为我们需要他人的理解。17. 生命之谜就是：我们在什么地方下车？坐在身旁的伴侣在什么地方下车？我们的朋友在什么地方下车？我们无从知晓 18. 我时常这样想：到我该下车的时候，我会留恋吗？我想我还是会的。和我的朋友分离，我会痛苦。让我的孩子孤独地前行，我会悲伤。 我执著地希望在我们大家都要到达的那个终点站，我们还会相聚 19. 我的孩子们上车时没有什么行李，如果我能在他们的行囊中留下美好的
16、回忆，我会感到幸福。20. 我下车后，和我同行的旅客都还能记得我，想念我，我将感到快慰。21. 献给你, 我生命列车上的同行者, 祝您旅途愉快!1. Not long ago, I read a book, in which a mans life was compared to a journey.2. The life of a man is just like a hitchhiking，during which many times we go up and down. Now and then things will happen accidently, some of which
17、are to be unexpected excitement，while some heart-breaking sorrows. 3. When first embraced the world，we are already on the train of life. We take it for granted that the first two persons, our parents, whom we are encountered with, will accompany us all the way.4. Sadly，things do not go on as we thou
18、ght.Our parents will get off the train at a certain station，leaving us, bereft and helpless.Their love and emotion to us and their irreplaceable company can be found in nowhere.5. However，there will be somebody else who will get on the train. Some of them will have special meaning to us.6. Some of t
19、hem may be our siblings , relatives and friends, and we will also expereince the imperishable love.7. Some of our travelling companions are quite light-hearted on the way.8. While some may bear immense sorrow.Still some ,back and forth, are ready to hold out their hands for others who need help.9. S
20、ome people alight off the train, yet they are still kept in the mind of the other passengers for long;some, to the opposite, leave their seats without being noticed.10. Sometimes, the one,who is dear to your heart, has huddled into another carriage. Nothing but one you can do is just to keep on goin
21、g, far away from him.11. Of course, during the journey, you may stagger to another carriage to look for him.12. Its a pity that you will never seat yourself beside him because the seat has been engaged by others. 13. Never mind. The journey is full of challenges,dreams, hopes and departures- but onl
22、y one thing is that you cant turn back. So, have a good journey with heart and soul.14. Show your good-will to all the passengers you are encountered with, and find the merits of theirs.15. Remeber that someone may oscillate just as we do in the journey.16. We should understand others just as we nee
23、d others understanding.17. The enigma of life is：Where shall we get off the train of life?And how about the companions beside us?And our friends?We dont know.18. Sometimes I think：When my time comes to get off the train，shall I miss it？I think I will.It is a suffering when I part with my friends.I w
24、ill be sorry for leaving my kids going alone.I firmly hold that when we get to the terminal，we will have another reunion.19. When my kids get on the train of life, they have only little luggage in their travelling bags. However,if I can leave the beautiful memory in them,I will be happy. 20. After getting off the train of life, I will be content if my fellow passengers will remember me and miss me.21. To you , the companions on my train of life.May you have a good journey!