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1、句子概念句子简单句并列句复合句简单句只有一套主谓宾Eg： I have classes on weekend.主语主语并列句由and、but 或者or连接两个简单句构成的句子 I have classes on weekend.I have classes on weekday.I have classes on weekend and I have classes on weekday.I have classes on weekend but I dont have classes on weekday.I have classes on weekend or I have classes
2、 on weekday.复合句除了简单句和并列句都是复合句Eg:I have classes on weekend when others are resting.I am told that I have classes on weekend.I who is a handsome boy have classes on weekend.Have a try!判断句子类型：判断句子类型：Youth is not a time of life.Youth is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees.Youth often
3、exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20.You have always been here when I needed you.I thought about just maybe seeing you once in a while, but I dont think that would work.I feel this would be a good time to break up.In the same way, a person who has a common or casually given name can also achi
4、eve tremendous success.复合句状语从句宾语从句定语从句状语从句 状语由句子担当简单句简单句 一般将来时一般将来时 一般现在时一般现在时 过去将来时连接词连接词 时间 (when/while) 条件 (if/unless) 地点(where) 原因(because/since/ as/now that) 结果(so that) 目的(so that) 方式(as if /though)简单句简单句 一般现在时一般现在时 任何时态任何时态 过去的相应时态宾语从句 宾语由句子担当I understand. You are in a dilemma(进退两难的境地).I unde
5、rstand that you are in a dilemma.注意点：注意点：连接词连接词（that/if/whether）语序语序(陈述句语序)时态时态（前主句后从句，前现在后随便，前过去后过去）定语从句句子充当定语He is a handsome boy.He has classes on weekend.He who has classes on weekend is a handsome boy.先行词先行词连接词连接词从句从句Leading e.g将下面的两个句子合成一个句子：We learned 8 words last week.The 8 words are so easy
6、.Answer：We learned 8 words which are so easy last week.The 8 words we learned last week are so easy.构成先行词先行词两个句子中重合的名词或代词两个句子中重合的名词或代词连接词连接词连接代词连接代词that/who(m)/which/whose/what(ever)that/who(m)/which/whose/what(ever)连接副词连接副词where/when/why/how(ever)where/when/why/how(ever)从句从句插入的句子，在汉语中翻译成插入的句子，在汉语中翻
7、译成“的的”定语从句定语从句概念概念Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .Chongqing is the place where I was born.先行词先行词先行词先行词连接代词连接代词连接副词连接副词连接代词与连接副词的联系与区别联系：介词+which/whom=连接副词区别：连接代词引导的定语从句不完整（连接词在从句中充当 成分） 连接副词引导的定语从句是完整的句子 （连接副词在从 句中不充当成分） I like the girl who is the most beautiful in our class.I li
8、ke the girl in my childhood when I had no idea about love.考点聚焦考点聚焦1.连接词选择连接词选择that与与which差异差异who，whom与与whose差异差异关系副词关系副词where、when与与why差异差异2.先行词选择先行词选择3、介词涉入问题、介词涉入问题4、对、对as引导定语从句的考查引导定语从句的考查连接词选择做题步骤找先行词和从句找先行词和从句将句子拆成两个简单句将句子拆成两个简单句判断先行词在从句中的成分判断先行词在从句中的成分主语，宾语选连接代词，状语选连接副词主语，宾语选连接代词，状语选连接副词先行词做主语
9、宾语时候：人用先行词做主语宾语时候：人用who.宾语考虑加宾语考虑加m、物、物用用which、That人物都可用、翻成人物都可用、翻成“谁的谁的”用用whose先行词做状语时候：表示时间先行词做状语时候：表示时间when，表示地点，表示地点where表示方式表示方式how表示原因表示原因why选完后复查一次选完后复查一次例：例：Mr. Black is going to Beijing in October _is the best season there.White is the student _was late for school today.He lives in the room
10、 _ window faces to the south.I will never forget the days _I spent with your family.This is the school _I used to study. This is the way _ he did it. And there is one point _Id like your advice .That vs whichl通常通常只能用只能用that的情况的情况l当先行词是当先行词是不定代词不定代词all，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，every
11、thing等时等时l先行词被先行词被序数词序数词、形容词的最高级形容词的最高级修饰时修饰时l先行词被先行词被all，any，every，each，few，little，no，some，the only，the very，the last，the next等修饰时等修饰时l如果先行词既指如果先行词既指人人又指又指物物lthere be 句型句型试题：试题：6,9,10,14,15,16,40通常只用通常只用which的的情况情况l引导非限定性定语从句，用关系代词引导非限定性定语从句，用关系代词which指代前面指代前面整个句子整个句子的内容。的内容。l引导非限定性定语从句，而且先行词指物时只能用
12、引导非限定性定语从句，而且先行词指物时只能用which，不用，不用that。l如果句中有两个定语从句，如果两个从句都可以用如果句中有两个定语从句，如果两个从句都可以用that引导，那么其中一个应改用引导，那么其中一个应改用which引导。引导。试题：试题：34,35,45who，whom与与whose 的的PK在定语从句中指在定语从句中指人作主语人作主语用用who，作人做作人做宾语宾语用用whom，who。whose “谁的谁的”， 在定语从句中是做定语，在定语从句中是做定语，可以可以代人或代物（常考）代人或代物（常考）试题：试题：1,24where、when与与why的的PKl相当于相当于“
13、介词介词+which”，其中，其中 where=inat +which； when=atinduring +which； why=for +which。l关系关系副词副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词表示地点的名词。l关系关系副词副词when引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词时间的名词。l关系关系副词副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状引导定语从句时，只能在
14、定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必须是语，其修饰的名词必须是表示原因的名词表示原因的名词。试题：试题：13,19,22“介词介词”提前问题提前问题l当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是不是和从句的和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现就出现“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”。l先行词指物，用先行词指物，用“介词介词+which”，指人则用，指人则用“介词介词+whom”，且，且两个关系代词均不能省略两个关系代词均不能省略。l某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介介词词
15、+关系词关系词”结构可以同关系副词结构可以同关系副词when和和where互换。互换。试题：试题：2,3,4小试牛刀 Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week? Do you still remember the place_ we visited the painting exhibition?This is the very novel about _ weve talked so much.This is the very novel _weve talked about so much.This is Mr. John
16、for _ son I brought a book yesterday.This is Mr. John for _ I bought a book yesterday.This is the hour _ the place is always full of women and children. as引导定语从句的考查引导定语从句的考查l先行词与先行词与such，the same连用时，常用关系代词连用时，常用关系代词asl在引导非限制性定语从句时，都可以在引导非限制性定语从句时，都可以置于句中置于句中，但，但as还可以放在还可以放在句首（常考点）句首（常考点）。l表示表示“正如正如”
17、时，只能用关系代词时，只能用关系代词as。如：如：as is known to allas is known to all，as we all know , as (it) often as we all know , as (it) often happenshappens，as has been said beforeas has been said beforeas was expectedas was expected，as is said aboveas is said aboveas is mentioned aboveas is mentioned above，as is as
18、is reportedreported等。等。I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what试题：试题：7,32,33,49,53as在定语从句中的用法As 引导定语从句时只用于固定句型中：在限制性定语从句中：用于suchas soas比较such/soas 与such/sothat的区别前者是连接代词引导定语从句，从句不完整后者为引导目的状语从句，从句完整。在非限制性定语从句中：用于as （+sb）+expected/hoped/intended等词，as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于句
19、首，句尾，句末，which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于句尾,句末。自己举实例先行词与关系代词合二为一先行词与关系代词合二为一常见的组合有：常见的组合有：Whoever=anyone who 无论谁无论谁Whatever=anything 无论什么事情无论什么事情Who=the person that练练Who _knows him wants to make friends with him?试题：试题：46This is the house which we bought last month.（限制性（限制性定语从句）定语从句）This house, which we bought la
20、st month, is very nice.（非限制性定语从句）（非限制性定语从句）l限制性不可缺少，而非限制性可以去掉，不影响主句的意限制性不可缺少，而非限制性可以去掉，不影响主句的意思思;l非限制性用非限制性用“，” 与主句隔开，表示与主句关系不密切与主句隔开，表示与主句关系不密切l特殊的非限制性定语从句，将特殊的非限制性定语从句，将整个主句整个主句作为作为先行词先行词,谓语谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。动词要用第三人称单数形式。Liquid water changes to vapor, which is calledevaporation.（蒸发）（蒸发）定语从句的类型可以放在一开始
21、的时候讲定语从句的类型可以放在一开始的时候讲限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句Have you ever been to Hangzhou, _ is famous for the West Lake? Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, _lies the West Lake? I live in Beijing , _ is the capital of China.作业作业作业：1.P112 reading3 4 reading 4作为summary练习文章P128 reading3 42定语从句练习题 状语从句练习题13. The
22、re was a time _there were slaves in the USA. 14. It is the third time _you have made the same mistake. 15. It was in the street _I met John yesterday. 16. It was about 600 years ago_the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. 17. The moment _I saw you, I recognized(认出)you. 20. Who is the
23、student _was late for school today? 22. What else was there in my brother_you didnt like? 29. Winter is the time of year_the days are short and nights are long. 30. I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place_you may spend your weekend.32.The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A
24、. because B. why C. that D. whether33.That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which34.I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what35.Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last
25、 night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that36.The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing37.Didnt you see the man _? A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now38. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about。