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1、 Reading comprehensionReading comprehension1354patterncolor2ACEDBWork out the puzzleWork out the puzzle秘秘命命题题揭揭试卷试卷年份年份体裁体裁(题材题材)考查类型考查类型段首句段首句段中句段中句段尾句段尾句全国卷全国卷2018说明文说明文(颜色选择颜色选择)1312017夹叙夹议夹叙夹议(野营野营)2212016说明文说明文(信息安全信息安全)140全国卷全国卷2018说明文说明文(晨练晨练)2212017说明文说明文(避免打扰避免打扰)1402016说明文说明文(园艺园艺)140全国卷全国
2、卷2018说明文说明文(舞蹈舞蹈)2212017说明文说明文(生物钟生物钟)1312016说明文说明文(买鱼和烹饪鱼买鱼和烹饪鱼)140全国卷全国卷3年考点分布表年考点分布表n以以_为主。为主。n有时也有有时也有议论文议论文或或记叙文记叙文。说明文说明文设空特点设空特点 文文段段_ 小标题或主题句小标题或主题句名词短语或祈使句名词短语或祈使句文文段段_并列或递进并列或递进转折或让步转折或让步说明原因说明原因举例解释举例解释问答问答文文段段_结论句结论句首首中中末末骤骤解解题题步步1、通读全文通读全文把握主旨：主题句、文章结构、写作内容把握主旨：主题句、文章结构、写作内容2、解读选项解读选项做出
3、选择：选项关键词、上下文信息词做出选择：选项关键词、上下文信息词3、详读段落详读段落找关键词：每段的主题句或主旨大意找关键词：每段的主题句或主旨大意4、回读原文回读原文排除干扰：坚定选项排除干扰：坚定选项法法解解题题方方1. 看文章结构看文章结构2. 找关键词找关键词3. 找逻辑关系找逻辑关系Step 1 文章结构文章结构A. If youre busy, dont feel bad about saying noB. When you want to avoid interruptions at workC. Set boundaries for yourself as your time
4、goesD. If youre in the other persons office or in a public area 空格为空格为段首段首 Start a conversation 例例1. (2018年课标全国年课标全国1卷卷) 37_.Tell the person youre sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time. 例例2 _ 37_In order to make a change, y
5、ou need to decide why its important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reason, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.A. Get a sleep specialist.B. Fin
6、d the right motivation.C. A better plan for sleep can help.D. And consider setting a second alarm.例例4. (2018年课标全国年课标全国1卷卷) The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors . Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it
7、are significant. _ .A. If youre experimenting with a color B. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar with C. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time 空格在段尾空格在段尾Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color
8、. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料肥料). 38 _. However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.D. Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE. Still
9、 others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too空格在段中空格在段中Step 2 例例1. (2016年全国年全国I卷卷) A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. _39_F. W
10、ith a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.相同词相同词(原词原词)例例2. (2015年全国卷年全国卷I) 38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.A. Learn to really trust yourself.近义词近义词 例例3. When w
11、e change our jobs or schools, it often leaves us without a friend. _ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. A. Making new friends comes easy for some people. B. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.反义词反义词例例4. _They prepare different presents for the coming
12、 festival. A People are often busy going shopping.B. Christmas falls on the twenty-fifty of December.代代 词词 例例5. Making a trip to the kitchen could be a fun way to spend an afternoon indoors! _ Cooking will give you a lot of opportunities to work on something.A. It would stay as a memory of the activ
13、ity.B. Everybody in the family could gather and cook a meal.同根词同根词 同词（原词）重现同词（原词）重现 近义词近义词 反义词反义词 代词代词 同根词同根词 同畴词同畴词 并列，递进并列，递进 转折转折 因果因果 总总-分分 解释解释常见的逻辑关系词常见的逻辑关系词并列与递进并列与递进： also, too, then, and, as well as, besides, in addition, whats more, not onlybut also, first, second, firstly, next, for one
14、thing, for another thing, eitheror, neithernor因果因果： for, because, because of, such, since, as, therefore, thus, hence, as a result, consequently, so转折转折： however, but, nevertheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, otherwise, w
15、hile.解释解释：in fact, actually, for example, in other words, as a matter of fact, that is to say.例例1. _： （2016年全国年全国II卷）卷）Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and few
16、er fertilizers (肥料肥料). _38_ . E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants并列或递进并列或递进例例2._2._： (2015年全国卷年全国卷I) Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore, 37 .E. Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again.因果关系因果关系例例3. (2015年全国卷年全国卷I) 40 _ instead, its
17、a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.G. Seeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.转折关系转折关系例例5. _ (2016年全国卷年全国卷I) 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden mess
18、age “Meet me.”E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.举例解释举例解释 28. (2018全国全国卷卷) Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake Your metabolism (新陈代谢新陈代谢) gets a head start. 39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept bette
19、r than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.A. You will stick to your diet.B. Your quality of sleep improves.C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.有标识符号有标识符号，显然是个，显然是个小标题小标题同类标题句式同类标题句式结构相同结
20、构相同7个选项中只有个选项中只有A、B和和C行行 文文 标标 志志解析：解析：由本文格式可知，本题要求选一个小标由本文格式可知，本题要求选一个小标题，应与另外两个小标题句式结构一样，将答题，应与另外两个小标题句式结构一样，将答案锁定在案锁定在A、B和和C三项；又由本段内容可知主三项；又由本段内容可知主要讲的是晨练对睡眠的好处，因此选项要讲的是晨练对睡眠的好处，因此选项B“你的你的睡眠质量得以提高睡眠质量得以提高”符合逻辑；另外，该选项符合逻辑；另外，该选项中的中的sleep与空格后的与空格后的slept为原词复现，故选为原词复现，故选B项。项。 29.(2016全国全国卷卷)It starts
21、 with looking inside yourselfand how you approach the gardening process. 37 Some people may think that a garden Others are concerned about using gardening methods However, there are a number of other reasons thatmight explain why you want to gardenRecall (回忆回忆) your childhood memories Our model of w
22、hat a garden有标识符号有标识符号，显然是个，显然是个小标题小标题同类标题句式同类标题句式结构相同结构相同祈使句祈使句祈使句祈使句选项中选项中仅仅有有两两个是个是祈使句祈使句A. Know why you garden.B. Find a good place for your own garden.解析：解析：由本文格式可知，本题要求选一个小由本文格式可知，本题要求选一个小标题；应与另一小标题标题；应与另一小标题“Recall(回忆回忆) your childhood memories”一样，为祈使句，将答一样，为祈使句，将答案锁定在案锁定在A和和B两项；又由文中两项；又由文中“a
23、 number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden(还有其他几个可以解释你为还有其他几个可以解释你为什么要从事园艺的理由什么要从事园艺的理由)”可知，选可知，选A项。项。 30. (2015全国全国卷卷)During the first week, do not think about distance, but run five minutes longer each day. 38 , it is wise to take a day off to rest. But during the next week
24、, set a goal of at least a mile and a half per runA. After six daysB. For a good marathon runner逗号逗号，其后为，其后为句子句子，无连词无连词短语短语或带连词的或带连词的句子句子7个选项中只有以下个选项中只有以下2个个在在第一周第一周里里,休息一天休息一天,应是在训练应是在训练6天之后天之后标标 点点 符符 号号解析：解析：A 因空格后是逗号，其后的句子前没有因空格后是逗号，其后的句子前没有连词，故正确选项要么是带连词的从句，要么连词，故正确选项要么是带连词的从句，要么是一个短语，只有是一个短语，只
25、有A和和B两个选项符合；又由上两个选项符合；又由上文中的文中的During the first week和下文的和下文的take a day off to rest可知，一周七天里训练六天后休息一可知，一周七天里训练六天后休息一天是明智的。故选天是明智的。故选A项。项。 研究文章结构General Steps详读段落找关键词回读原文读选项+翻译Conclusion:Conclusion:“七选五七选五”解题方法解题方法1. 看文章结构看文章结构段首段首: _段尾段尾: _段中段中: _2. 找找_ 原词复现原词复现 3. 看看_关系关系转折关系转折关系并列关系并列关系因果关系因果关系 主题句主题句 结论、总结结论、总结承上启下承上启下 关键词关键词近义词近义词反义词反义词逻辑逻辑SummaryThank you for attention！ Practice makes perfect