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1、2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题及答案下面是我搜集整理的2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题及答案，欢迎阅读，希望对大家有所帮助。SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesoundingyes!1helpingyoufeelcloseand2t
2、opeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou4gettingsickthiswinter.Inarecentstudy5over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6th
3、eparticipantssusceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing7tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8withacold,andtheresearchers9thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging10about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.11amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandr
4、eceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere12.Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe13riskforcoldsthatsusually14withstress,notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Huggingisamarkerofintimacyandhelps15thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp16difficulty.Someexperts17thestress-reducing,health-rela
5、tedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalledthebondinghormone18itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit19inthebrain,whereit20mood,behavioran
6、dphysiology.1.AUnlikeBBesidesCDespiteDThroughout【答案】BBesides2.AconnectedBrestrictedCequalDinferior【答案】Aconnected3.AchoiceBviewClessonDhost【答案】Dhost4.ArecallBforgetCavoidDkeep【答案】Cavoid5.AcollectingBinvolvingCguidingDaffecting【答案】Binvolving6.AofBinCatDon【答案】Don7.AdevotedBexposedClostDattracted【答案】Bex
7、posed8.AacrossBalongCdownDout【答案】Cdown9.AcalculatedBdeniedCdoubtedDimagined【答案】Acalculated10.AservedBrequiredCrestoredDexplained【答案】Dexplained11.AEvenBStillCRatherDThus【答案】AEven12.AdefeatsBsymptomsCtestsDerrors【答案】Bsymptoms13.AminimizedBhighlightedCcontrolledDincreased【答案】Dincreased14.AequippedBasso
8、ciatedCpresentedDcompared【答案】Bassociated15.AassessBmoderateCgenerateDrecord【答案】Cgenerate16.AinthefaceofBintheformofCinthewayofDinthenameof【答案】Ainthefaceof17.AtransferBcommitCattributeDreturn【答案】Cattribute18.AbecauseBunlessCthoughDuntil【答案】Abecause19.AemergesBvanishesCremainsDdecreases【答案】Cremains20.
9、AexperiencesBcombinesCjustifiesDinfluences【答案】DinfluencesSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Firsttwohours,nowthreehoursthisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingp
10、eopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityproceduresinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderof
11、why.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericanseconomicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswer
12、eabletosneakweapons-bothfakeandrealpastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingChicagosOHareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecomebutthelinesareobvious.Partoftheissueisthatthegovernm
13、entdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.Therei
14、sonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.Ithasno
15、tgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock.Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreChecksfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreChec
16、kenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.21.thecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedtoAstresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.Bhighlightthenecess
17、ityofupgradingmajorUSairports.CexplainAmericanstoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.Demphasistheimportanceofprivacyprotection.【答案】CexplainAmericanstoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.22.whichofthefollowingcontributionstolongwaitsatmajorairport?ANewrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.BThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.
18、CAnincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.DFrequentunexpectedsecretchecks.【答案】CAnincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.23.Thewordexpedited(Line4,Para.5)isclosestinmeaningtoAfaster.Bquieter.Cwider.Dcheaper.【答案】Afaster.24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramisAAdramaticreductionofitsscale.BItswrongly-directedimplementat
19、ion.CThegovernmentsreluctancetobackit.DAnunreasonablepriceforenrollment.【答案】DAnunreasonablepriceforenrollment.25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?ALessScreeningforMoreSafetyBPreCheck-aBelatedSolutionCGettingStuckinSecurityLinesDUnderusedPreCheckLanes【答案】BPreCheck-aBelatedSolutionText
20、2TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaiislastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevo
21、lutionizehumanitysviewofthecosmos.AtissueistheTMTsplannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworldsmostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKeaspeakrisesabovethebulkofourplanetsdense
22、atmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectforsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.Someblameforthecur
23、rentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceistheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKeasfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheislandsinhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast;itisalivingcultureundergoin
24、garenaissancetoday.Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaiisshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthe
25、reignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.The
26、TMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescopesvisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheircul
27、turalheritageandtostudythestars.26.QueenLiliuokalanisremarkinParagraph1indicatesAitsconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.BtheimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.Ctheregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.Dherappreciationofstarwatchersfeatsinhertime.【答案】Btheimportanceofastron
28、omyinancientHawaiiansociety.27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsiteduetoAitsgeographicalfeaturesBitsprotectivesurroundings.Citsreligiousimplications.Ditsexistinginfrastructure.【答案】Aitsgeographicalfeatures28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecauseAitmayriskruiningtheirintellect
29、uallife.Bitremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.Ctheirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.DtheyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.【答案】Bitremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.29.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintodaysastronomyAisfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.BhelpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.C
30、mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.DwilleventuallysoftenHawaiianshostility.【答案】CmayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.30.TheauthorsattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneofAseverecriticism.Bpassiveacceptance.Cslighthesitancy.Dfullapproval.【答案】Dfullapproval.Text3RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatac
31、ountrysGDPmeasureseverythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itm
32、easuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUKsGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountryseconomicprospects?Are
33、centannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriaf
34、romhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthand
35、education,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisntthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandtheenvironment.Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountrys
36、success,theworldlooksverydifferent.So,whatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityoreducationoutcomesallthingsthatcontributetoapersonssenseofwell-bei
37、ng.ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.31.RobertF.Kennedyiscited
38、becauseheApraisedtheUKforitsGDP.BidentifiedGDPwithhappiness.CmisinterpretedtheroleofGDP.DhadalowopinionofGDP.【答案】DhadalowopinionofGDP32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2thatAtheUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.BGDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.CtheUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconom
39、y.DpolicymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.【答案】BGDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.33.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?AItissponsoredby163countries.BItexcludesGDPasanindicator.CItscriteriaarequestionable.DItsresultsareenlightening.【答案】DItsresultsareenlightening.34
40、.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhatAtheUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.BhighGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.CitisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.Ditrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.【答案】CitisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?AHighGDPB
41、utInadequateWell-being,aUKLessonBGDPFigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealthCRebortF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDPDBrexit,theUKsGatewaytoWell-being【答案】AHighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKLessonText4Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcD
42、onnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariautomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.ThehighcourtsdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnellstrialfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathisofficialacts,ortheformergovernorsdecisionson
43、specificandunsettledissuesrelatedtohisduties.Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsisdistastefulandnasty.Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemad
44、eofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotanofficialact.Thecourtsrulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleadersmustbeallowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecut
45、ionforbribery.Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertsforthecourt,assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns.Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,toensureequalityofaccesstogovernmen
46、t.Officialsmustnotbeallowedtoplayfavoritesinprovidinginformationorinarrangingmeetingssimplybecauseanindividualorgroupprovidesacaigndonationorapersonalgift.Thistypeofintegrityrequireswell-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchasrecordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelect
47、edleaderssourceofwealth.Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.Ratherofficialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthewealthy.Ifconnectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsocietythatallareequalintreatmentbygovernmentisundermined.Goodgovernancerestsonanunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeachindividual.Thecourtsrulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.36.Theunderminedsentence(Pa