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1、Unit 3 Environmental Protection课时素养检测 十Unit 3Period 2. 阅读理解AIn the movie, The Day After Tomorrow, many climate changes including an ice age are caused by global warming. Much of the science in the movie has been questioned by people. However, there may be some truth to the idea in the movie that glo
2、bal warming could cause an ice age. The theory starts with an understanding of why Europe and Scandinavia are not colder already. After all, other places at the same latitude(纬度) are covered with ice. The ocean current called the Gulf Stream brings warm waters from the Caribbean to the UK and Europe
3、. These waters warm the countries around their path. This is why the UK, Europe and Scandinavia have a warmer climate than Alaska. Global warming has nothing to do with this. Global warming is significant. It could slow the Gulf Stream, or even stop it. If this were to happen, the cold waters would
4、stay in the area of Europe, the UK, Scandinavia and the Northeastern US. It could mean an ice age for those regions. Some weaknesses in the Gulf Stream could happen for different reasons. These days, it could happen due to global warming, caused by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fue
5、ls. If a new ice age happened, it would probably be caused by the melting of the polar ice. This will lead large quantities of cold and fresh water to come into the ocean, which would disrupt the Gulf Stream and cause the cooling of many areas that now have a mild climate. Scientists have gathered a
6、 lot of data from the oceans and the land to try to determine whether an ice age could be caused by global warming. With all this information at hand, it appears that it is indeed possible that global warming could lead to an ice age. 【语篇概述】本文以一部电影引入话题, 讨论了全球变暖现象, 分析了英国等地暖和的原因, 分析了冰河时代到来的可怕后果, 对人们提出
7、了警告。1. According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Global warming has created a warmer climate in some European countries. B. The Gulf Stream plays an important role in the warm climate of some European countries. C. Only the burning of fossil fuels can cause global warming.
8、 D. The climate of Alaska is also affected by the Gulf Stream. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文中的The ocean current called the Gulf Stream brings warm waters from the Caribbean to the UK and Europe. . . This is why the UK, Europe and Scandinavia have a warmer climate than Alaska. 可知the Gulf Stream在英国等国家的温暖气候中起着重要作用。
9、故选B项。2. By saying “Global warming is significant. ” the author means the following EXCEPT_. A. the Gulf Stream will be slowed down or stoppedB. the cold water will stay in the ocean of these areasC. people dont have to suffer from coldD. an ice age is just waiting to happen in some areas【解析】选C。细节理解题
10、。根据第二段中It could slow the Gulf Stream, or even stop it. If this were to happen, the cold waters would stay in the area of Europe, the UK, Scandinavia and the Northeastern US. It could mean an ice age for those regions. 可知C项并不在列举的内容里。故选C项。3. What is the meaning of the underlined word “current” in Para
11、graph 2? A. In common or general use. B. Of the present time. C. Stream of water. D. Flow of electricity. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据下文brings warm waters from the Caribbean to the UK and Europe. These waters warm the countries around their path. 可知current意为“洋流”。故选C项。4. Whats the main purpose of this passage? A.
12、 To warn people of the dangerous effects of global warming. B. To prove that the polar ice will disappear. C. To prove that a new ice age is no way to come. D. To introduce the causes and effects of the Gulf Stream. 【解析】选A。写作意图题。通过文章内容可知, 本文分析了全球变暖现象可能导致的可怕后果, 是为了给人们提出警告。故选A项。BNot only does the use
13、of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet, it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle c
14、alled Ooho. It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scie
15、ntists have run into is how to ship large amounts of Ooho bubbles(水泡) without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events, such as marathons, music festivals, a
16、nd sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention. The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and
17、materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied a patent(专利)for their new advancements. The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles. It has appeared at events in Londo
18、n, San Francisco, Boston, at conferences, festivals, and so on. Ooho is catching many peoples attention and has raised over $1 million and gained 1, 000 investors in only three days. It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumers interest while the production machine is gettin
19、g up and running. It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Skipping Rocks Lab发明的新型环保储水容器Ooho。它是一种能携带液体资源的球面薄膜。它的制作成本很低, 强韧且环保, 可生物降解而且可食用。5. How is most plastic dealt with in America? A. Its sold. B. Its recycled. C. Its buried. D.
20、 Its wasted. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $ 1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. 可知在美国, 只有23%的塑料资源被回收利用, 大部分的塑料都被当成垃圾扔掉了, 故选D。6. Why did the team invent Ooho? A. To make a profit for a company. B. To protect the env
21、ironment. C. To make people eat as they drink. D. To reduce the cost of plastic bottles. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water和第二段And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention. 可推断Skipping
22、 Rocks Lab发明新型储水容器Ooho的目的是保护环境, 故选B。7. What can we infer about Ooho from the text? A. It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts. B. It has become popular since it began to be sold. C. It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles. D. It costs them a lot of money to develop the technol
23、ogy. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles可知制造储水容器Ooho的成本比塑料瓶低得多, 因此可以推断出其市场售价可能会比塑料瓶低。故选C。8. What does the author really want to say in the last paragraph? A. Ooho is to be a success in the future. B. Ooho is being supported by smart
24、 people. C. Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now. D. Ooho is being produced to attract more investors. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段Ooho is catching many peoples attention 以及It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future. 可知作者相信未来它一定会成功的。故选A。 . 完形填空(2020新高
25、考全国卷)Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 1. He learned the value and beauty of 2 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 3 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and t
26、he 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 5, the number of snakes had declined as well. He 6 that it was because there werent enough trees to protect them from the 7. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 8 during the daytime. He turned to the 9 department for
27、 help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 10 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 11 young plants in the dry season was 12 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 13 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small
28、holes to 14 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai 15 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1, 360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 【文章大意】文章讲述了一个印度男孩几十年如一日在所在的村庄周边的荒岛上植树造林, 最后把荒岛变成了多种动植物生长的家园。1. A.
29、 dreamB. jobC. homeD. choice【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据第一句可知小村庄是他的家, 那么后文提到的wetlands就是他的第二个家了。2. A. natureB. youthC. cultureD. knowledge【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下文内容他植树造林保护动植物, 可推知他深知自然的价值。3. A. preciousB. interestingC. disturbingD. awkward【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文“洪水侵袭了这一地区, 迫使很多鸟类离开, 蛇的数量也在减少”可知不好的事情发生了。disturbing令人不安的, 符合语境。故
30、选C。4. A. wasteB. tensionC. painD. damage【解析】选D。固定搭配题。分析句子结构可知it caused为定语从句, 结合句意可知洪水带来的损害使鸟类离开此地, cause damage 造成损害, 为习惯搭配。5. A. BesidesB. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Otherwise【解析】选A。词义辨析题。由前一句“鸟类飞走了”和后一句“蛇的数量减少了”可知两句都是洪水的危害。however和otherwise表示转折关系, therefore表示因果关系, besides表示递进关系, 故besides符合语境。6. A. agre
31、edB. realizedC. rememberedD. predicted【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合宾语从句的内容可知这是他分析后得出的结论, 故为realized(意识到)。7. A. noiseB. heatC. diseaseD. dust【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合本句中的werent enough trees和下一句中的during the daytime可推知树木用来遮阴, 保护这些动物免受高温之苦, 故为heat。8. A. directionsB. partnersC. helpD. shelter【解析】选D。背景常识题。根据常识可知树木在炽热的阳光下可以为动物提供遮
32、蔽。故选D。9. A. laborB. policeC. forestD. finance【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知要解决问题就得种树, 他自然会向林业相关部门寻求帮助。故选C。10. A. rebuiltB. discoveredC. leftD. managed【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据空后的内容a nearby island可知他找到一个小岛, 用discovered。11. A. DecoratingB. ObservingC. WateringD. Guarding【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。结合下文的内容可知本段讲的是树木的灌溉问题, 故填watering(浇水)。
33、12. A. toughB. illegalC. fantasticD. beneficial【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。结合句意“在干旱季节给树苗浇水对于一个男孩来说是很”和下文他所做的努力可知应该是很“困难的”。tough困难的。13. A. backB. topC. footD. side【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合下一句中的on the plants below可推知在树的上方他建了一种小装置, 故选B。14. A. cool downB. keep offC. purifyD. collect【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。结合下一句雨水会从上方的装置中滴下去给植物浇水可知这种装置是为了收
34、集雨水, 故选D。15. A. returnedB. learnedC. failedD. continued【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据时间状语for the next 37 years可知他继续做这样的事情很长时间, 故选D。【技法导练】 掌握常考题型, 巧妙得出答案细节理解题一直都是高考阅读理解中常考的题型, 通常细节理解题的正确选项有以下特征: (1)对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词成为正确选项。(2)词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换词性, 或者改变原文句子的语态。(3)语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化, 成为正确答案。(4)正话反说。把
35、原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。阅读理解B篇的第5题题干问的是在美国如何处理大部分的塑料。从文章第一段Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $ 1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. 可知小部分循环利用, 大部分被当成了垃圾。rubbish与选项D中的wasted就是意义相近的词。语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Pollution t
36、akes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii. I hate to go to the beaches on 1. _(sun) weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts(烟头) 2. (bury) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean. One thing that really annoys me is that I see 3. (tour) who visit Hawaii leave
37、their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place 4. _ it should staythe trash can. Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 5. pretend that its not there. The dogs or the fish are not to blame 6. _ it. Its our fault a
38、nd we must blame 7. _ (we). Everyone has to do his or her part 8. _(solve) this problem. It cant be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, we can help pick up rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches. More 9.
39、 (important), we need to start now before the beaches 10. _(damage) beyond repair. 【语篇概述】本文主要讨论了海滩污染的问题。1. 【解析】sunny。考查词性转换。修饰名词一般用形容词, 故用形容词sunny修饰其后的名词weekends。2. 【解析】buried。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, bury和其逻辑主语cigarette butts 构成被动关系, 故用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。3. 【解析】tourists。考查词性转换。结合定语从句的关系词who可知, 此处的先行词为表示人的名词, 且
40、定语从句中的谓语动词为复数, 故用名词复数形式。4. 【解析】where。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 空处引导定语从句, 在从句中作地点状语, 修饰先行词the place, 故填where。5. 【解析】but。考查连词。根据语境可知, 空处前后存在逻辑上的转折关系。6. 【解析】for。考查介词。此处考查固定词组be to blame for sth. “对某事负有责任”。7. 【解析】ourselves。考查代词。与句子主语we呼应, 此处应用反身代词ourselves作动词blame的宾语。8. 【解析】to solve。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, 此处应用动词不定式, 表目的。9. 【解析】importantly。考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词, 甚至整个句子, 在句子中作状语。故用副词importantly, 修饰整个句子。10. 【解析】are damaged。考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知, damage和主语the beaches之间是被动关系, 根据该句中的“need”可知, 此处叙述一般情况, 故用一般现在时的被动语态。