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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Unit3 The Million Pound Bank NoteI. Grammar 宾 语 从 句 和表语从句1. I know him . 主语 谓语 宾语（简洁句） 2. I know who he is . （复合句）所以,宾语从句的概念：宾语从句就是在复合句中作主句的宾语；句子结构：主句 + 连词（引导词） + 宾语从句II 1 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括确定句和否定句）,连词（引导词）由 that 引导,因为 that 在从句中不作任何成分,也没有任何详细意思,因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略 ；EG： 1. I
2、m sorry （that ） I didn t know you want to join the Party. 2. I afraidthatI cant accept your invitation. 3. Lily says that she wont take part in the sports meeting next Sunday. （要在课件中加上课文的三句原话！）2 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,连词由 whether 或 if 引导（口语中常用 if ）,由于if/whether 翻译成：“ 是否” ,具有肯定的意义,所以不能省略；EG：1. I want to know i
3、f/whether he has passed the exam. 2. She asked me if /whether she could borrow these books . 3. Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag . 但在下面几种情形下 whether 和 if 不能互换：whether 后面有 or not 显现时；例如： I don t know whether or not she can arrive on time. 我不知道她是否会准时到达；宾语从句放在句首时,whether 不行
4、由 if 来替换；例如： Whether he will succeed, we cant say. 他是否能胜利,我们说不准；仍有,引导主语,表语,同位语从句时候；引导从句作介词宾语的时候；后接动词不定式时候；作 discuss等词的宾语；what, who, whom, which, whose）或连接3 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由连接代词（副词（ when, where, how, why）引导,由于连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任肯定的句子成分,具有肯定的意义,所以不行以省略. EG：1. The teacher asked the new student which class he
5、 was in. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载（which 引导宾语从句,在从句中作定语,修饰class ,意为“ 哪个” ；） 2. Do you know what he said just now .（ what 修饰 said ,相当于”the things that” 做宾语；）3. I wonder where he got so much money对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑；（ where 在从句中作地点状语,修饰got ,意为“ 哪里；什么地方” ；）所以,可以看出：当
6、引导词是 that 的时候,宾语从句的类型为陈述句,that 可以省略；当引导词为 if/whether 的时候,宾语从句的类型为一般疑问句,if/whether 不能省略；当引导词为特殊疑问词（what, who, whom, which, whose）或者（ when, where, how, why）的时候,宾语从句的类型为特殊疑问句；III时态问题：（包括一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时）,从句的时1. 假如主句是现在的时态态可依据实际情形而定,（包括一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,现在完成时等）相应任何时态； I know he lives here . I know he l
7、ived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow；2. 假如主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时,过去进行时）,那么从句的时态肯定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时）；I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it . I thought
8、 I had sent the letter a week before. 3. 当从句是客观真理,定义,公理,定理 时用一般现在时； The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth. 老师告知我们地球围着太阳转,月球围着地球转；4. 语序 : 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词+主语 +谓语 +其他成分；这里要特殊强调的是,它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序,而不是疑问句的倒装语序；I don t know what he wants to buy . 名师归纳总结 -
9、 - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I don t know what 学习必备欢迎下载does he want to buy . Can you tell me who we are going to meet . Can you tell me who are we going to meet . 练习：单项挑选1.I don t know_ we can live on the island without any food.A. where B what C how D that 2.Could you tell me _.
10、A Where is the part . B Whos on duty .C Whose book is this . D What are they doing . 3 The teacher told us that the earth _around the sun. A moved B moves C move D moving 4.Could you tell me _. A if he would come tomorrow B will he come tomorrow C whether he will come tomorrow D If he comes tomorrow
11、 5. I didnt know that Mr. Smith _yet.A. Has returned B has returned C had returned D returned 答案： C B B C C 填空：1 . -Can you tell me _ the man is . - He is my brother. 2. I didnt know _ he was coming until yesterday. 3. The doctor asks _ medicine you have taken. 名师归纳总结 4. I d like to know _he can hel
12、p me or not.第 3 页,共 4 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载答案： 1. who 2. when 3. what 4. Whether 表语从句：用做表语的从句叫表语从句,它的位置一般放在系动词be 后面；（1）它的连接词主要有 四大类：A 从属连词一般有 that 和 whether ：但是, that 引导的表语从句 , 本身无意义 , 但不能省略 . ；而 whether 引导的表语不能在表语从句中用 if 替代 . 1. The mother s question was that she has no t
13、ime to look after her daughter. （that ）在句子中无意义,但是不能省略；2.The question is whether that boy will turn up in time. 否“ ,但是不能用 if 替代；（whether ）表示“ 是B连接代词一般有：who 和 what ,在表语从句中可充当主语, 宾语 , 有自己的词义 . 1. Tom is no longer what he used to be .（ what ：在这里表示；的样子）2. The problem is who we can get to answer this ques
14、tion；问题是我们找谁能解决这个问题；C 连接副词哟本有：where ,when, why, how 在表语从句中可充当地点, 时间 , 缘由 ,方式状语 . 1.That is where I can t agree with you.2.The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 3. Thats why we ve given you the letter. 4. The question is how the thief got into the house. （2）特殊情形 : A because 引导的表语从句的结构 . That s because I love my mother so much. because 引导的就是表语从句,而because of 后面接的是名词；B as if / as though 引导的表语从句常在连系 动词 look , seem, sound , be , become 后面 . It seemed as if the brothers were playing a joke on Henry. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页