《2022年高考英语介词及介词短语.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2022年高考英语介词及介词短语.docx(8页珍藏版)》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载介词及介词短语(一)主要介词区分1、表示时间的 at, in, on:at 表示片刻的时间,如: at 8 oclock ,常用词组有:at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year等;in 表示一段的时间,如: in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in Octobe
2、r, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future等;on 总是跟日子有关, on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning等;2、表示时间的 since和 from:since 表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程,常与现在完成时连用;from 表示从时间的某一点开头,不涉及与现在的关系;一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用;如: I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have no
3、t seen each other since 1995. 3、表示时间的 in 和 after:两者都表示 “在(某个时间)之后,区分在于 in 表示 “在(一段时间)之后 ”,而 after 就表示 “在(某一详细时间点之后)” ,in 如:Well be back 短语和将来时态连用, after 短语和过去时态或将来时态连用;in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What shall we do after graduation.留意: after 有时也可以表示在一段时间之后(常用在过去时里);如: After tw
4、o months he returned. 4、表示地理位置的 in, on, to:in 表示在某范畴内, on 指与什么毗邻, to 指在某环境范畴之外; 如: Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is to the east of China. 5、表示“ 在 上”的 on和 in:on 只表示在某物的表面上,而用 in 表示占 去某物一部分;如: There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an inte
5、resting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall. 6、表示“ 穿过 ” 的 through 和 across:through 表示从内部通过, 与 in 有关;across就表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过,与 on 有关;如: Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载7、in the end,
6、at the end of, by the end of:in the end作“最终”、“最终”解,可单独使用,后不接介词of;at the end of 表示 “在 末梢”,“到 终点”,既可指时间,也可以指地上或物体;不行单独使用;by the end of 作“在 结 束时 ”,“到 末为止 ”解,只能指时间;不行单独使用;如:In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decided to have an English even
7、ing at the end of this week./ by the end of last month he had finished the novel. 8、between, among:一般说来, between表示两者之间, among用于三者或 三者以上的中间; 如:You are to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among his classmates. 9、besides, except, but, except for:besides指“ 除了 仍有,再加上 ” ;如:All went out
8、besides me.;except指“ 除了,减去什么 ” ,不能放在句首; 如: All went out except me.;but 与 except意思近似,表示 “ 除了 外” 常常用在 no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑问词后面; 如:I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.;except for;表示美中不足的地方;spelling mistakes.;如: His diary is good except for a few 12、表示 “ 用” 的 in 和 wi
9、th:表示工具的 “用”,用 with,而表示材料、 方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的“ 用” ,用 in;如:He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil./ We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English. 13、in charge of和 in the charge of:两者都表示 “由谁负责、照料、治理 ”;区分在于: in charge of后接被照管的人或物,而i
10、n the charge of后面就跟照管的人;如:Who is in charge of the project./ The project is in the charge of an engineer.14、as, like:as作“作为”、“以 位置或身份 ”解;如: Let me speak to you as a father.(事实是父亲);like 作“象 一样”解;如:Let me speak to you like a father.(事实上不是父亲);15、in front of 和 in the front of:in front of = before,是“在 前面”
11、的意名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载思(不在某物内); in the front of 就是“在 前部”的意思(在某物内);如:There is a desk in front of the blackboard./ The boy sat in the front of the car.;16、in, into:into 表示动向,不表示目的地或位置;如:We walked into the park.;in 通常表示位置;如:We walked in the park;in 和 drop,
12、fall, put, throw, break 等终止性动词连用时, 也可以表示动向; 如:I have put the coin in into my pocket.我把硬币放进衣袋;复习时需留意的要点1、介词一般放在名词之前,但它后面的介词宾语是疑问代词、疑问副词或 者关系代词时,这些词提到了前面而只剩下介词在后了;2、介词和动词、形容词、名词等常常构成固定搭配,也就是说,在这些词 的后面常常要求用肯定的介词;这一点在学习时要特殊留意;如:a.动词+介词: laugh at, wait for b.形容词、过去分词 +介词: be good at, be proud of c 名词+介词:
13、 pay a visit to , the key to 3、表示挑选关系的连词,连接的双方只取其一;常用连词有 or, either.or, otherwise 例如:a You can go to Beijing either today or tomorrow. b You must get up early or you wont catch the early bus.4、表示转折关系,连接的双方构成对比,意义上有转折;常用连词有 but, however, while, only 例如:a His brother is fond of football while he likes
14、 basketball. b You can watch TV, but you must finish your homework first. 5、表示联合关系,联合的双方是对等的,意义上趋向一样;常用连词有:and, both.and, neither.nor, not only.but also, as well as To study English well, we need both diligence and careful. That horse is not only the youngest among the five, but also runs the fastes
15、t. 6、表示因果关系,连接的双方,互为因果,或者前因后果,或者前果后因;名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载常用的连词有: for, so 例如:It must have rained, for the ground is wet. 考点 1 常见介词的活用1by 构成的常见短语有:by and by不久,迟早 by and large大体上by oneself单独 by the way 顺便说说by far 得多,最 by chance碰巧by accident偶然地 by means of借助
16、by no means绝不,一点也不 by mistake 错误地The water in the river rose by two meters河水上涨了两米;He is an Englishman by birth他在血统上是英国人;2beyond 这个词同学们平常接触的机会不是太多,但它却是一个考查热点;beyond表示 “ 时间 过了,比 晚,迟于; 位置 在 那边,超出 之外;范畴超过,为 所 不及,超出 的范畴 ”等意思;如:They arrived beyond nine o他们过了 9:00 才到;The book is beyond me这本书我看不懂;Tom is far
17、 beyond his elder brother in maths汤姆的数学比他哥哥的好多 了;考点 2 介词的固定搭配 - 高考主要考查同学对固定短语的把握程度、些固定搭配中的应用;对短语意义的明白以及介词在这1名词词组: on the contrary相反; in turn 依次; in one s opinion 依据某 人的看法; off time 准时; out of reach够不着 2动词词组:remind sb of sth提示某人某事; rob sb of sth抢劫某人的 ;restdt from 由 引起; call at 拜访 某地 3形容词词组: be curiou
18、s about对 奇怪; be proud of因 而骄傲;名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载be popular with 受到 的欢迎 4介词短语:apart from 除 Pb;in addition to 除 之外 仍;because of 由于;instead of代替;in fear of 为 提心吊胆; for fear of 以免;in case of 防范;thanks to由于;in the middle of 在 中间;according to依据;in front of 在 前面;in return for 作为对 的回报;in charge of负责;as a result of 作为 的结果; in exchange for与 交换等 5. 某些名词与介词构成的固定搭配;1要求接 to 的名词有: key,answer,visit,entrance,apology,introduction,road 等;2要求接 in 的名词有: interest,satisfaction,expert等;名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页