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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全Module 5 A Lesson in a lab 1.prepare prepare sth 直接预备 prepare for sth 间接预备 prepare oneself for sth 使. .为. .做好预备be prepared for 为. .做好预备=be ready for =be equipped for make preparations for 为 . .做好预备2.report on 关于 . .的报告【区分】 about/on about 泛泛的on 专业性更强的 3.Simple 形容物：译为“ 简洁
2、的,朴实的”形容人：译为“ 天真纯朴” 或“ 头脑简洁” ,褒义贬义详细分析He is a simple and well liked man. 他是一个纯朴率真,受人宠爱的人；You may be joking but she s simple enough to believe you. 你或许是在开玩笑,但她却愚 蠢地信以为真as simple as I stand here 再简洁不过 反义词： sophisticated 城府深,有心计,社会体会多4.answer to 常加介词 to 的名词：法/access to 接触5.Exist key to/notes to the tex
3、t 书下注释 /way to 去. .的路 /approach to 方动词（ vi）基础用法exist as 作为 . .而存在 ;exist is 存在于 . .中； esist on 靠. .生活（生存）Man cannot exist without oxygen. 人没有氧气就不能生存 Do these creatures really exist.这些生物的确存在吗？He argued that ideas do not exist independently of the language that expresses them. 他论 证说,思想不会独立存在于用以表达的语言之外
4、名词existence,反义词extinction, 灭亡The mere existence of these strange creatures fascinated him.这些奇妙生物的存在本身就 使他着迷The idea of God in nature has been in existence for as long as human beings have worshipped.自从人类有崇拜行为开头,上帝的观念就已经存在；习语 cat-and-dog existence 指的像猫狗一样不和的生活；常常争执的生活6.liquid/solid/gas liquid . Air i
5、s a fluid but not a liquid. 空气是流体不是液体 . Water is both a fluid and a liquid. 水既是流体又是液体 . liquid oxygen 液氧名师归纳总结 . looking into those liquid dark eyes 望着那如水的双眸第 1 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全solid . Ice is water in a solid dark eyes. 冰是固态的水 . A bar of iron is solid,a pipe is holl
6、ow. 铁棍是实心的,而管子是空心的 . This ole house has a very solid foundation. 这所旧房子有着特别牢固的地基 gas 除了气体,仍可以指“ 煤气,毒气,汽油. Fluid includes both gases and liquids. 流体包括气体和液体 . She couldn t face the future and gassed herself.她对将来感到失望而用煤气自杀了 . I ll have to gas up before we leave. 动身前我必需加点油 . gas mask 毒气面具（ respirator 口罩）
7、7.a mixture of . .的混合物She thumped the pillow with a mixture of anger and frustration. 既愤慨又懊丧 形容词. a child of mixed race 混血儿 . a mixed school 男女生同校的学校她砰砰砰地敲打着枕头,. I ve got mixed feelings about leaving college its great to finish my studies,but I m rather worried about finding a job. 离开高校,我有一种很复杂的感情；一
8、方面,我为自己完成了学业而兴奋另一方面,找工作的事让我头疼；（对. .的感情很复杂）. Living in such a beautiful old castie is something of a mixed blessing.Just thinl of the heating bills,for example.居住在这座漂亮的古城堡中既有利,也有弊；比如,想想它昂贵的 取暖费用把8.iron Her father had a will of iron. 她父亲有钢铁般顽强的意志food that are rich in iron. 富含铁的食物 Fascism s iron hand f
9、ist 法西斯主义的高压手段 She s been ironing all afternoon. 她一下午都在烫衣服the Iron Age 铁器时代9.分数的表达法和用法 10.check 名词：. Its an invalid cheque. 这是一张作废的支票（空头支票）. blank check 空白支票,自由活动的权益 动词 check sth 和 examine sth （认真检查）. Customs officers have the right to check all luggage. 海关官员有权检查全部行李. You must check in at least one
10、hour before take-off. 理登机手续check that 你必需在起飞前至少一个小时办We had better check that all the doors are licked. 我们最好检查一下全部的门是否都锁上了 相像结构： see that/see to it that/make sure that 11.Air . He celebrate by tossing his hat high in the air. 他把帽子高高地抛向空中以示庆祝 . News-probe will go on the air for the summer. 新闻调查节目将于夏天播
11、出 . He began to put on airs and think he could boss us around. 他开头摆架子,以为自己可以对我们指手画脚名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全12.Earth on earth 加强语气,译为“ 到底” ,或者“ 在世上 on the earth 在地球上 in the earth 在土里 Even though she s a movie star,shes still friendly and down-to-earth. 虽然成了电影明星,但
12、她仍是很友好,很实在13.sun in the sun 在阳光下 under the sun 在世界上14.分数和长数字的读法 15.Mount Tai/Mount Qomolangma 16.Lily weighs 表示本身存在的状态用主动 Tom weighs 200kg The tree measures 10 meters. The picture hangs on the wall The coat washes easily The fruit keeps long. 水果可以存放很长时间 The computer sells well. 好卖 The pen writes wel
13、l. 便利写17.electrical 【区分】 electrical/electric electrical engineer 电力工程师Circus 电路,电器设备oven 电饭煲electric 用电器fan 电扇 chair 电椅18.equipment 装备 不行数名词equip sb with . .for . . 给某人装备 . .为了 . . Sb be equipped with . .for . . 某人被装备 . .为了 . . 分清晰equipment 不行数和instrument 器材可数19.react 与 . .起反应 react with 对 . .反应 rea
14、ct to The industry has been slow to react to these breakthroughs in technology. 这个行业对技术上 的这些突破反应迟钝His insensitive remarks hurt and she reacted accordingly. 20.Burn This type of coal doean t burn easily.主动（属性）The house was burnt to ashes the ground 建筑被烧成平地 Joan of Arc was burnt at the stake.圣女贞德被烧在火刑
15、柱上 The 5 dollars was burning a hole in his pocket. 急于要把钱花掉 The toast was burnt. 面包片被烧糊了 冻的像烧起来一样 My ears were burning after being out in the cole wind.At this news,she was burning with anger 怒火中烧 to burn ones boats/bridges 破釜沉舟背水一战名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全to burn
16、the candle at both ends 过度疲惫 to burn the midnight oil 点灯熬油21.happen happen to do 和 it happens that 结构,都表示偶然性 We just happened to meet Paul.我们正好碰见了保罗 It happens taht he is a teacher of English. 恰好他是个英语老师 Do you happen to know who her doctor is. 您知道她的医生是谁吗？（表礼貌）22.Rust 名词,铁锈 动词 vi/vt 使. .生锈The bike pa
17、dlock was red with rust. 旧挂锁已经锈红了；My bike has rusted and needs oil. 我的自行车生锈了,需要上油；The rain will rust the iron roof. 雨水会使铁皮屋顶生锈A rusted old basketball hoop 一个生锈的旧篮圈 23.Add add 的动词短语 . add A and B together . add A to B . add to A . add up 把. .加起来, add up these 有道理,说得通 These numbers can t add up. 这些数字自
18、相矛 盾. add up to 无被动、译为加起来等于什么 名词 addition 的短语 . in addition . in addition to . 形容词： additional 24.steam 作名词和动词（vi/vt ）The kettle was steaming 水壶冒热气了 The hot tea steamed my glasses.热茶使我的眼睛蒙上了一层水汽 She is steaming fish for supper.她在蒸鱼预备吃晚饭 You got all steamed up over nothing. 你无缘无故就大发脾气 25.oil coconut
19、oil 椰子油 cod liver oil 鱼肝油 fish oil 鱼油 groundnut oil 花生油olive oil 橄榄油 sesame oil 芝麻油 sunflower oil 葵花籽油 suntan oil 防晒乳 vegetable and animal oils 植物油和动物油 oil and water do not mix 油和水不能融合 oil and water 指互不相容的因素或人 Compliments oil the wheels of life. 赞扬会使生活更好过 Her hair was heavily oiled. 她的头发上许多发油26.salt
20、 There is considerable salt in the kitchen. 厨房里有相当多的盐；The fish are cut and salted.鱼被切成块腌起来了；rub salt into the someone swound 在某人伤口上撒盐名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全the salt of the earth 社会中坚worth one s salt 称职的28.float When you re tired of swimminh,just float for a whil
21、e.你游累了就漂浮一会儿The small of roses floated around. 玫瑰花的芳香在四周漂浮 It was decided to float the pound because a fixed value was damaging exports. 打算浮动英镑的汇率,由于固定汇率不利于出口29.form 动词： . sth form 自己形成. form sth 形成 名词： in the form of 以. .形式 former husband 前夫late husband 亡夫 30.dissolve dissolve vi/vt The sun dissolv
22、es snow.太阳使雪融解 My courage dissolved 我的士气没有了31.predict 词根： pre 提前Prepare/preview 预览 /dictionary 预报 /dictation 听写 /dictaor 独裁者 predict that 32.常见的修饰比较级的词和短语 常常用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级形式,以示加强语气；常见的词或短语有：much （very much ,too much ）, even,still ,far, rather,any, no,not,by far, a lot, a little ,a bit,a great deal 等
23、；. He is getting too much fatter these days （加强语气时,可以使用too much 或 very much ；）. It was cold yesterday, but its even colder today. There was a number of people out this afternoon, far more than last Sunday. . His work is better by far than that of any other printer in the city. . She was by far the b
24、etter actress in the West. （by far 常常置于比较级之后,如比较级加有定冠词时,常置于定冠词之前；）. Tom is tall but Mary is still taller / taller still. （still 可以置于比较级之前或之后；）. He was too tired to walk any further. （any 常常用于条件句、否定句、疑问句或具有疑问、否定语气的句子中；）. It s no faster to go there by train t han by car. 乘火车去那里和乘汽车去那里一样不快；（no 修饰比较级时,对
25、参加比较的双方同时予以否定,比较的双方“ 都不 ” ；）. It s not faster to go there by train than by car.乘火车去那里不及坐汽车去那里来得更快些；（ not 修饰比较级时,对参加比较的双方同时予以确定,但强调“ 前者不及后者 更 ；）. Are you felling a lot better today. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全He was a little more worried than the others. 常常用来修饰形容词或副词
26、的最高级,用来加强语气；常见的词或短语如：much the the very the by far by far the 等；. This is much the / by far the most difficult of the five questions. （much 常常置于定冠词之前；）. The last novel of his is by far the best he has written. . The Pacific is the largest ocean in the world by far. （by far 可以置于定冠词之前,也可以置于最高级之后；）. Thi
27、s cake ought to be good, because I used the very best butter. 33.go ahead 开头 ,前进 ,领先The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned. 新桥的修建将按计画进行 . May I start now. Yes, go ahead. 我现在可以开头吗 .可以 , 开头吧 . The government intends to go ahead with its privatization plans. 政府拟推行私有化计画 . Despite the ba
28、d weather the fete will go ahead. 尽管天气不好 , 游乐会照常举办 . Food and fodder should go ahead of troops and horses.兵马未动 , 粮草先行；Go ahead and do what you like. 去吧,宠爱干什么就干什么；We feel you should go ahead.我们觉得您应当干；Go ahead.去吧 . 或,说吧 . 34.sequence sequence数列 ; 序列 ; 次序 subsequencely接下来 consepuence归纳Consepuencely 最终
29、35.balance 名词. slipping in the mud but keeping their balance 在泥浆里打滑但保持了平稳. She lost her balance and fell 她失去平稳摔倒了 . I was thrown off balance by the sudden gust of wind. 突如其来的一阵风差点把我吹倒 . 当句子译成“ 扰乱平稳” 时,使用：disturb/upset disturb the balance /upset the balance Tourists often disturb the delicate balance
30、 of nature on the wind. 游客常常打乱岛上微 妙的生态平稳balance A against B 考点： 将方案, 论点 pian,argument等进行比较； 权衡两事物的 重要性You must balance the high salary against the long working hours. 你必需权衡高工资和 长工时两者利弊在阅读和写作当中可能用到的搭配 ideal/perfect balance 正确平稳 a healthy balance of foods 健康均衡的饮食 an acceptable balance between closenes
31、s and distance in a relationship.在亲热和距离的 关系中一个可接受的平稳a careful/delicate/fine/subtle balance 当心 / 精致 / 精细 / 微妙的平稳 a uneasy balance 脆弱的平稳名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学问点大全the ecological/natural balance 生态平稳 ethnic/gender/social balance 民族；性别；社会 均衡 36.used to do used to do 过去时
32、,过去常常做某事,反义疑问,usedn t/didn t be used to sth/doing 习惯做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事37.the lastest equipment equipment 不行数 the newest 的说法错误38.be pround of take part in/pride oneself on 以. .为荣 39.both both my parents like you. both of my parents like you. both of my parents don t like you. 部分否定Neither of/Non
33、e of 全部否定 40.are supposed to do be supposed to=按理应当要 be supposed to be doing=按理应当正在 例如：You are supposed to do as you are told. 按理你应当根据我要你做的去做；You are supposed to be doing your homework now. 按理你现在应当在做作业了；类似的情形仍有：He happened to pass by the school gate. 他碰巧要经过学校大门；He happened to have read the book. 他碰巧读过了这本书；He happened to be reading the book. 他碰巧正在读这本书；41.become an English teacher turn English teacher turn 表示成为,后名词不加a/an/the You will make an English teacher 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页