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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点英语必修五Unit 1 一 put forward 提出（方案、建议等） ；将 提前；把钟表拨快e.g. He put forward a good plan for this project. 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案；The match has been put forward to 1:30. 竞赛已经提前到一点半举办联想put away: 收起来；贮存,储蓄put off: 推迟；延期put down: 放下；写下,记住put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧）put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷）put up a
2、tent: 搭起帐篷二； conclude: v. 作结论,肯定（ conclusion: n. 结论）e.g. The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪conclude 终止,终止： They concluded the meeting at 6 oclock in the afternoon. 他们于下午六点终止了会议；作结论,得出结论：What can be concluded from these observations. 从这些观看中能够得出什么样的结论呢 . 推断,判定： The judge concluded that th
3、e prisoner was guilty. 法官判定这个囚犯有罪；打算,决心： She concluded she would pay back the exact amount on Saturday.近义词 :close 变形：concluded . concluding 她打算在星期六如数偿仍；conclude with 以 终止 conclude a contract 订立合同 conclude an agreement 达成协议.推断；打算, 劳经 作结论；终止 understand , condition vi. 推断；肯定；打算 deduce from , draw the c
4、onclusion conclusive 打算性的；最终的；的确的；确定性的 concluded 推论的concluding 终止的；最终的 adv. conclusively 最终地；打算性地 n. conclusion 结论； 结局；推论 conclusiveness 结论性； 打算性 v. concluded 终止； 推断；作结论（conclude 的过去分词）三 defeat 打败, 击败, 战胜； 使期望, 方案等 失败 , 挫败 ; 阻止 , 使无效 e.g. He finally conceded defeat. 他最终承认了失败； defeat 指“ 赢得成功”, 特殊指“ 军
5、事上的成功”,e.g. defeat the enemy 打败敌人； conquer指“ 战胜” 、” 战胜”,特殊指“ 获得对人、物或感情的掌握”,e.g. conquer nature overcome 指“ 战胜” 、“ 压倒” 、“ 克服” 尤指“ 感情” 而言 , e.g. overcome difficulties suffer defeat 遭受失败 击败,战胜；挫败defeat adj. defeatist 失败主义（者）的 n defeatist 失败主义者 defeatism 失败主义四； attend: v. 出席；参与 照管；看护 相伴1 to be present a
6、t; go to meeting, conference, lecture. e.g. He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他打算亲自赴会；2 to look after, care for, serve e.g. Which doctor is attending to on you. 哪位医生护理你？3）to go with 相伴 e.g. The work was attended with much difficulty. 这项工作带来很多困难；attend a meeting 参与会议 attend school 上学；去上学 atte
7、nd class 上课attend on 照管；侍候 attend a lecture 听关于 的讲座；上课vt. 出席；上（高校等） ；照管；款待；陪伴 present oneself , invite , serve , board , mind vi. 出席；致力于；照管；照管 present oneself , nurse adj. attendant 相伴的；侍候的 attendant 服务员,侍者；随员,attendance 出席；到场；出席人数n. attendant 服务员,侍者；随员,陪从 attendee 出席者；在场者 attender 出席者；按规定常到的人；常客五 e
8、xpose.to. 暴露于；使处于 的影响之下 expose oneself to 使暴露在 空气、冰冷、风雨、阳光等 中；使无遮挡,使无爱护：Do not expose it to the sun. 此物谨防日晒；使暴露,使显露；使遭受 攻击、批判、损害、嘲讽等 ：He is exposed to the ridicule of the public. 他受到公众的嘲弄；to expose soldiers to gunfire 使士兵们遭受炮火攻击使处于 的影响 或作用 之下；接接触到；使知悉,使明白：接触英语达 5 年左右的同学a student who has been exposed
9、 to English for some five years 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 使曝光： The film has been exposed to light.名师总结优秀学问点这胶卷曝了光；向 揭露,揭发,揭穿,披露：to expose the shameful activity to the newspapers 向报界揭露这个可耻行径六 blame sb. for sth. 由于某事批判某 e.g. He blamed the boy for his mistake. be to blame:
10、 受批判,应负责 Who is to blame for the mistake？这个错误应归咎于谁？七 in addition: 除此之外,另外意思相当于 besides, whats more 除 之外 except as , over and above e.g. I paid 100 Yuan in addition. In addition to English, he has to study a second language. 除 之外,仍有 ,表示递进关系 The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition
11、 to paid holidays.except: 除 之外,表示在整体中排除,e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外 , 全部人都收到了请柬besides 表示“ 除 以外,仍有 ”,与 in addition to 同义,Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film. 王先生也去了；beside : 旁边；表示方位；e.g. Lily sits beside me in class. 莉莉在班上做我旁边；八 announce: 公布；宣告 announce: 公布；宣告 e.g. He
12、announce his decision. 他宣布了他的打算；词根：announce n. announcement 公告；宣告；发表；通告 announcer 广播 广播员；宣告者宣布,宣告； The spokesman of the Foreign Ministry announced the news to the reporters.外交部发言人向记者发布新闻；说,述说,： The president of the company announced that there would be a bonus. 公司总经理对雇员说将要发奖金；通报 或宣布 的出席 或到达 ,报告 的来到,
13、通知客到,报到：to announce guests 通知客到不通过语言 使 被知道,作为 的迹象,显示：Footsteps announced her return. 听见脚步声,知道她回来了；预示；预报；预兆：Gathering clouds announced the oncoming storm.,聚云预示了即将来临的风暴；当电台或电视台 的播音员 或广播员 ；当 报幕员等 ： She announces six programs a week.她每周广播 6 个节目；vi.当电台 或电视台 的播音员 或广播员 ；当报幕员： She announces for CCTV. 她是中国中心
14、电视台的播音员；宣布某人的候选人身份宣布参与竞选 for ； 在竞选中 宣布某人对另一人在政治上的赞同,在竞选中 宣布支持别人竞选 for ：九 absorb v. 吸取 A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水；be absorbed in sth: 用心的,全神贯注的absorb in 集中精力做某事；全神贯注于 vt. 吸取；吸引；承担；懂得；使 全神贯注 attract , engage , see , read , seize Adj. absorbed 被吸取的；一心一意的 absorbent 能吸取的 absorbing 吸引人的；极好玩的absorptive 吸
15、取性的；有吸取力的 absorbable 可吸取的；简单被吸取的 absorbefacient 吸取性的N. absorption 吸取；全神贯注,用心致志 absorbent 化工 核化学 吸取剂 absorber 减震器；吸取器；吸取体absorbency 吸取才能；吸取性；吸墨性；物化 吸光率 absorbefacient 吸取剂 absorptance 物 吸取率；吸取比V. absorbed 吸取；使全神贯注（absorb 的过去分词形式）absorbing 吸取（ absorb 的 ing 形式）十 Challenge n. 挑战 ; 挑战书 ; 邀请竞赛 ; 要求决 vt.向.挑
16、战 , 要求, 怀疑 ; vi. 挑战 , 对证据等 表示异meet the challenge 迎接挑战；满意要求 rise to the challenge 接受挑战,奋起应对挑战take up the challenge 应战 challenge cup 挑战杯；优胜杯；奖杯Adj. challenging 挑战的；引起挑战性爱好的 challengeable 挑战性的N. challenger 挑战者 v.challenging 要求；质疑；反对；向 挑战；询问（challenge 的 ing 形式）Unit 2 一 consist of be made up of 由 组成 没有进行
17、时）由 构成 be constitutive of , be formed from e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK 二区分 separate . from 把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分别出来）e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups. Divide.into 把 分开（把整体分为如干部分）The Taiwan Strait separates Ta
18、iwan from Fujian. 由 构成 be constitutive of , be formed from 三 debate about sth. e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days. debate /argue/ quarrel debate about his proposal 认真考虑他的提 debate about sth 争论 Debate about Diversity 人才多样化的争辩Debate about debates 谈论辩论争辩 The Debate about Psychologism 关于心
19、理主义的争辩四 clarify: vt./vi. cause sth. to become clear or easier to understand 澄清；阐明 ;清晰；明白名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation. 我期望我所说的能澄清这一情形Adj. clarified 澄清的；透亮的 n. clarity 清晰,明晰；透亮 clarification 澄清,说明；净化 v. clarified 阐明
20、、澄清五 be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接 link A to B 将 A 和 B 连接起来与 连接；与 有关联,与 有联系 be connected to , be coupled with This property can then be linked to actions on other components. 六 refer to reference: n. 参考 e.g. reference books 参考书然后,可以将该属性链接到其他组件上的动作；1提及,指的是 e.g. When he said “ some s
21、tudents ”, do you think he was referring to us. 2 参考；查阅；询问 e.g. If you dont understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries. 3 关系到；关乎 e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you. 涉及,谈到,提到；关系到：He never referred to his sisters in his letters. 他在信里从未提到过他的姊妹；提交 某人或某机关考虑办理或打算 ：They referred their p
22、lan to the management. 他们将方案提交治理部门；认为 起源于；认为 与 有关：Mr White referred his success to his hard work. 怀特先生说他的成功是靠勤劳工作而获得的；向某人 查询；让 找处理 ：For further details, I refer you to the advisory department. 具体情形请与询问处联系；适用于： These regulations refer to every foreigner. 这些规章适用于一切外国人；指 而言 as:All his classmates referr
23、ed to him as “ Blackbeard. ” 他的同学都称他为“ 黑胡子”；七 to ones surprise prep “to ones + 名词” 表“ 令某人 ” 常见的名词有“delight, disappointment, enjoyment, 等e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale. 我惊恐地发觉,这些货物完全不适合出售by surprise 使 慌张 The question took the professor by surprise. in sur
24、prise 诧异地,To ones surprise, they said okay. 让我们惊讶的是,他们说可以；八 . found themselves united peacefully “ find + 宾语宾补 adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语；不定式） ”e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. 假如一个厨师在厨房里抽烟,他会立刻被解雇；九 get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做 .e.g. Ill just get thes
25、e dishes washed and then Ill come. get + n. + to do Youll get her to agree. get + n. + doing Ill get the car going. get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生,意为“ 被 . ” e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. to get sth done 办到 ; 做某事 to accomplishto get sth done 办到 get sth.done as quick as possible 尽快把某
26、事干完十 break away from sb / sth 脱离；破除e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits. break down 会谈 破裂,失败； 汽车等 出故障； 人的健康状况 变得恶劣；（情感）失控名师归纳总结 e.g.his car broke down on the way to work this morning. 今日早上他的车在上班路上抛锚了；第 3 页,共 8 页His health broke down under the pressure of work. 他的健康在工作压力下崩溃了He br
27、oke down and wept when he heard the news. 当他听到这个消息时,他哭了起来Talks between the two countries have completely broken down. 两国之间的谈判已经完全破裂break in 闯入；打岔break off 中断,折断break into 闯入break out 爆发发生break up 驱散；分散,拆散十一； as well as 不仅 而且；既 又e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer. 他是一位老师,也是一位作家；as well 也,常放于句末,
28、和and 连用表示既 又as well as 并列连词,不但 而且十二 convenience: n. 便利； 便利convenient: adj. We bought his house for its convenience. 为了便利我们买了他的房子；for the convenience of 为了 的便利convenience store 便利商店for convenience 为了便利起见at your convenience 在你便利的时候at your earliest convenience 尽早；得便务请 从速convenience sampling 便利抽样；便利抽样；任
29、意抽样at ones convenience 在某人便利之时Adj. convenient 便利的adv. conveniently 便利地；合宜地十三 .attraction: （ attract:v.）1.吸引；引力 不行数 n.e.g. Attraction of gravitation 重力2.吸引人的东西；喜闻乐见的东西；出色节目可数n. tourist attraction 观光胜地attraction for 对 的吸引力sexual attraction 性吸引力；性诱惑,性引诱fatal attraction 致命的吸引力（电影名称）magnetic attraction 磁
30、吸引；磁引力Adj. attractive 吸引人的；有魅力的；引人注目的attractable 可被吸引的- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Adv. attractively 迷人地；有吸引力地；动人地名师总结优秀学问点attractor 自 吸引子；引起留意的人N. attractiveness 吸引力；困惑力Vi. attract 吸引；有吸引力 vt. attract 吸引；引起The main attraction of Beijing resides in its enchanting scenery. 北京最大的吸引力在于它的迷人景色；十
31、四1v.对 产生影响 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching. 你在教学中挑选职业的影响是什么 . 2可数 n.产生影响的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school. 他是学校的好同学之一；3 不行数 n.影响 e.g.A teacher has great influence over his pupils. 老师对同学有很大的影响influence on 对 的影响 under the influence 酒醉的 influence in 干涉；介入un
32、der the influence of 在 的影响之下 influence factor n. 影响因素；电话干扰系数n. 影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事 effect , infection , impression , affection , incidence vt. 影响；转变 affect , impact of , impact on , reach , fashion Adj. influential 有影响的；有势力的 influent 流入的 adv .influentially 有影响地；有力地 n. influent 支流Unit 3 一 impression n.
33、印记；印象；感想；后接of sb./ of sth./ on sb./ that e.g. My first impression of him was favourable. 名师归纳总结 学问拓展： impress v.给 留下深刻的印象；使牢记；使感动；常用结构impress sth. on/upon sb./impress sb. with sth. 第 4 页,共 8 页给 留下深刻的印象；使牢记It impressed me that she remembered my name.令我佩服的是她记得我的名字；impression of 有 样的印象；impression on 对
34、的印象first impression 第一印象give the impression 留下印象under the impression 记得false impression 错觉；make an impression 让人眼前一亮；general impression 整体印象n. 印象；成效,影响；压痕,印记；感想infection , effect , influence , affection , print Adj impressive 感人的；令人敬佩的；给人以深刻印象的impressionable 敏锐的；易受影响的impressionistic 印象派的；印象主义的；给人深刻印
35、象的impressible 敏锐的；感受性剧烈的；易感动的Adv. impressively 令人难忘地；感人地vi. impress 给人印象vt. impress 盖印；强征；传送；赐予某人深刻印象N. impress 印象,印记；impressionist 印象主义者impressionism 印象派,impressiveness 令人难忘；印象性；感人The journey leaves a favourable impression. 这次旅行给他们留下了良好的印象；二 Remind v. 提示remind sb. to do sth.提示某人做某事；remind sb. that/
36、wh- 从句提示某 ；使某人想起 remind sb. about/of sth. 使某人想起或意识 You remind me of your father when you say that. Adj. remindful 提示的；留意的n. reminder 示意；提示的人 /物；催单Remind her to come earlier tomorrow morning.提示她明天上午早点来；This mishap reminded me of a traffic accident I once experienced.这次不幸事故使我联想起我过去经受的一次交通事故三 constantl
37、y adv. 始终；始终；重复不断地e.g. Fashion is constantly changing. 时尚总是日新月异；adv. constant 的变形 constant k .nst .nt n.不变的事物【数学、物理学】常数；常量,恒量adj. ,始终如一的连续不断的,不停的坚决的,坚决的忠诚的；忠贞的连续的,连续发生的,长久的；常常的He was constantly tormented with headache. 他不断受到头痛的磨练；近义词 :continual . faithful 四 previous adj. 从前的；以往的； （时间上）稍前的近义词 :preced
38、ing . antecedent 反义词 : following Adj. 先的；前的；以前的口语 过早的；过急的；太早的短语 : previous to 在 以前；在 之前Adv. 在前,在先,The lawyer cited a previous case to support his argument. 这位律师援引了一个以前的案例来证明他的论断；五 bend v. （bent bent ）弯曲；使弯曲；弯腰；弯身；e.g. Its hard to bend an iron bar. 把铁棒弄弯很不简单；常用搭配有 : bend ones mind/efforts to sth. 致力于
39、某事bend sb.to sth. 迫使；说服吗bend the truth 歪曲事实Adj. bended 弯曲的n. bending 弯曲度bender 饮酒作乐；扭弯物体的人；六便士银币V. bending 弯曲（ bend 的 ing 形式）bended 弯曲；使屈从；决意（bend 的过去分词形式之一）vt. 使弯曲；使屈服；使致力；使朝向wind , curve vi. 弯曲,转弯；屈服；倾向；用心于tend , affect n. 弯曲curve , give , winding , inflection bend in 把 往里弯bend over 俯身；折转bend down
40、 蹲下,弯腰Slowly bend your knees until your feet point toward the ceiling. 渐渐的弯曲你的膝盖直到你的脚板指向天花板；六 press v. 压；按；推；挤；坚持；敦促n. 报章杂志,新闻工作者,新闻界- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - She pressed a handkerchief to his nose.名师总结优秀学问点她用力踩下油门踏板；她用手绢捂住鼻子； She pressed down hard on the gas pedal. press conference 记者款待
41、会新闻发布会 in the press 正在印刷；即将出版 press the button 按钮；按键press down 压 hydraulic press 液压机；水压机；油压机 printing press 印刷机 press in 压入vt. 压；按；逼迫；紧抱 push , hug n. 压；按；新闻；出版社；印刷印刷机 clic , news bulletin Adj. pressing 紧迫的；迫切的；诚恳的 pressurized 加压的；受压的 pressor 加压的；有使血压增高的；收缩血管的N. pressure 压力；压迫, 物 压强 pressing 压；冲压件 p
42、ressor 上升血压的物质V. pressing 压；按；熨烫衣物（press 的 ing 形式）pressurized 增压；密封；使 加压（pressurize 的过去式）Vt. pressure 迫使；密封；使 增压 pressurize 密封；增压；使 加压,使 压入compress 指把某些东西压在一起或使占有较小空间；press 一般用词,指一个物体在另一个物体上加压力；squeeze 多指从两面或多面施加压力来压紧、压碎或压出水来；squash 指某物受力被压偏或压碎；也指塞挤；七 switch n. & v. 用作名词表示“ 开关；转换”；用作动词表示“ 转换”；switch
43、 on 接通,开启 switch off （用开关）关掉；切断（电源）switch in 接通；合闸control switch 掌握开关 power switch 电源开关 light switch 灯开关；照明开关n.switching 电 开关；转换；整流；配电 switcher 交换机；转换开关；调车机车V. switching 转换（ switch 的 ing 形式）Switch from one module to another. 从一个模块转换到另一个模块；八 lack n. & v. 用作名词,表示： “ 缺乏；短缺”；用作动词,表示： “ ；短缺；没有；不足”The tri
44、p was cancelled through lack of interest. 由于缺乏爱好这次旅行被取消了；He lacks confidence. 他缺乏信心；lack of 没有,缺乏 for lack of 因缺乏 ；因缺少 ；lack in 缺少 ；lack of power 乏力；缺乏动力by lack of 因没有 .；因缺乏 . from lack of 因没有 .；因缺乏 . lack of money 缺钱 lack of time 缺乏时间lack of capital 缺乏资金 lack for 缺乏 through lack of 因缺乏 lack of fait
45、h 不信教,不信神 lack of fusion 未熔合；未焊透；vt. 缺乏；不足；没有； 需要 ask , claim vi. 缺乏；不足；没有 fail , low in n. 缺乏；不足 shortage , short of , deficiency , need , Adj. lacking 缺乏的；没有的；不足的 v. lacking 缺少；不足（ lack 的 ing 形式The school suspended for lack of finances. 那所学校因经费不足而临时停办；九 surroundings n.pl. 环境； surround v. 环绕；环绕 surrounding adj. 四周的；邻近的e.g. Everyone likes to work in