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1、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 英语专八真题2022 英语专八真题TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS 2022 -GRADE EIGHT- PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION 35 MIN SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important poi
2、nts. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-ta
3、king. Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the words you fill in is are both grammatically & semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes. Paralinguistic Features of Language In face-to-face communication speakers often alter t
4、heir tomes of voice or change their physical postures in order to convey messages. These means are called paralinguistic features of language, which fall into two categories. First category: vocal paralinguistic features A. 1_: to express attitude or intention B. Examples 1. whispering: need for sec
5、recy 2. breathiness: deep emotion 1_ 3. 2_: unimportance 2_ 4. nasality: anxiety 5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacy Second category: physical paralinguistic features A. facial expressions 1. 3_ 3_ - smiling: signal of pleasure or welcome 2. less common expressions - eye brow raising: surprise o
6、r interest - lip biting: 4_ 4_ B. gesture 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 英语专八真题gestures are related to culture. 1. British culture - shrugging shoulders: 5 _ - scratching head: puzzlement 2. other cultures -
7、placing hand upon heart:6_ - pointing at nose: secret C. proximity, posture and echoing 5_ 6_ 1. proximity: physical distance between speakers - closeness: intimacy or threat - 7_: formality or absence of interest 7_ Proximity is person-, culture- and 8_ -specific. 8_ 2. posture - hunched shoulders
8、or a hanging head: to indicate9_ 9_ - direct level eye contact: to express an open or challenging attitude 3. echoing - definition: imitation of similar posture - 10_: aid in communication - conscious imitation: mockery SECTION B INTERVIEW 10_ In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. List
9、en carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 1. A
10、ccording to Dr Johnson, diversity means A. merging of different cultural identities. B. more emphasis on homogeneity. C. embracing of more ethnic differences. D. acceptance of more branches of Christianity. You see, today, we use the word “diversity” to refer to more visible ethnic differences, anci
11、ent Americans, African American and Latino, for instance. 2. According to the interview, which of the following statements in CORRECT. A. Some places are more diverse than others. B. Towns are less diverse than large cities. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 31 页 - - - - - - - - -
12、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 英语专八真题C. Diversity can be seen everywhere. D. American is a truly diverse country. Well, I think, in all these talks of diversity, there is a critical point that may be missed, that is, diversity is not occurring everywhere in the US. 3. According to D
13、r Johnson, which place will witness a radical change in its racial makeup by 2025. A. Maine B. Selinsgrove C. Philadelphia D. California By 2025, being predicted, that figure will drop to just 34%, which indicates that the future change in a racial composition in California. 4. During the interview
14、Dr Johnson indicates that A. greater racial diversity exists among younger populations. B. both older and younger populations are racially diverse. C. age diversity could lead to pension problems. D. older populations are more racially diverse. For example, there is a large gap between the average a
15、ge of the five stages of the youngest population and five stages of the oldest population. 5. According to the interview, religious diversity A. was most evident between 1990 and 2000. B. exists among Muslim immigrants. C. is restricted to certain places in the US. D. is spreading to more parts of t
16、he country. They settled mainly in California and major north-eastern and mid-western cities, such as New York, Philadelphia, Chicago and Monosepalous SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the cor
17、rect answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 -
18、- - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 英语专八真题6. What is the main idea of the news item. A. Sony developed a computer chip for cell phones. B. Japan will market its wallet phone abroad. C. The wallet phone is one of the wireless innovations. D. Reader devices are available at stores and stations. Question 7
19、 and 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news. 7. Which of the following is mentioned as the governments measure to control inflation. A. Foreign investment. B. Donor support. C. Price control. D. Bank
20、 prediction. 8. According to Kingdom Bank, what is the current inflation rate in Zimbabwe. A. 20 million percent. B. 2.2 million percent. C. 11.2 million percent. D. Over 11.2 million percent. Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 second
21、s to answer the question. Now listen to the news. 9. Which of the following is CORRECT. A. A big fire erupted on the Nile River. B. Helicopters were used to evacuate people. C. Five people were taken to hospital for burns. D. A big fire took place on two floors. 10. The likely cause of the big fire
22、is A. electrical short-cut. B. lack of fire-satefy measures. C. terrorism. D. not known. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 英语专八真题PART II READING COMPREHENSION 30 MIN In this section there are four reading passag
23、es followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet. TEXT A Still, the image of any city has a half-life of many years. So does its name, officially changed in 2001 from Calcutta to Kolkata, which is closer to what the wo
24、rd sounds like in Bengali. Conversing in English, I never heard anyone call the city anything but Calcutta. To Westerners, the conveyance most identified with Kolkata is not its modern subwaya facility whose spacious stations have art on the walls and cricket matches on television monitors but the h
25、and-pulled rickshaw. Stories and films celebrate a primitive-looking cart with high wooden wheels, pulled by someone who looks close to needing the succor of Mother Teresa. For years the government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulled rickshaws on what it calls humanitarian groundsprincipa
26、lly on the ground that, as the mayor of Kolkata has often said, it is offensive to see “ one man sweating and straining to pull another man.” But these days politicians also lament the impact of 6,000 hand-pulled rickshaws on a modern citys traffic a particularly, on its image. “ Westerners try to a
27、ssociate beggars and these rickshaws with the Calcutta landscape, but this is not what Calcutta stands for,” the chief minister of Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, said in a press conference in 2006. “ Our city stands for pr development. ” The chief minist erthe equivalent of a state governorwent on to anno
28、unce that hand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streets of Kolkata. Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. Actually, I saw almost no tourists in Kolkata, apart from the young backpackers on Sudder Street, in what used to be a red-light district and is now said to be the singl
29、e place in the city where the services a rickshaw puller offers may include providing female company to a gentleman for the evening. Itthe lanes who most regularly use rickshawsnot the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who tend to travel short distances, through la
30、nes that are sometimes inaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaw
31、s as a 24-hour ambulance service. Proprietors of caf s or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. One morning I saw a rickshaw puller take on a load of live chickenstied in pairs by the feet so they could be draped over the shafts and the folded back canopy and even the axle. By the
32、time he trotted off, he was carrying about a hundred upside-down chickens. The rickshaw pullers told me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes a family retainer. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资
33、料 From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains, and its drainage system doesnt 第 5 页,共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 英语专八真题need torrential rain to begin backing up. Residents who favor a touch of hyperbole say that in
34、Kolkata “ if a stray cat pees, theres a flood.” During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours. Entire neighborhoods couldn be reached by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled through water that was up to the pullerswaists. When it s raining, the normal c
35、ustomer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey. A writer in Kolkata told me, “ When it rains, even the governor takes rickshaws.While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking of Indian states, according to such measurements as pr
36、osperity and infrastructure. Among India largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or i
37、n a deraa combination garage and repair shop and dormitory managed by someone called a sardar. For sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees about $2.50 a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you visited a dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they
38、have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where rickshaws are prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in income, doing better than only the
39、ragpickers and the beggars. For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar. There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled by another hum
40、an being or because they consider it not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws. The editor of the editorial pages of Kolkata s TelegraphRudr
41、angshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history bookstold me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. “ I refuse to be carried by another human being myself,” he said, “ but I question whether we hav
42、e the right to take away their livelihood. Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to demeaning occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata. When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based on a genuine interest in his
43、welfare, he smiled, with a quick shake of his heada gesture I interpreted to mean, “ If you are so naive as to ask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.” Some rickshaw pullers I met were resigned to the imminent end of their livelihood and pin their hopes on being
44、offered something in its place. As migrant workers, they dont have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata sidewalk hawkers, who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everythingor, as I found during the 48 h
45、ours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas. “ The government was the government of the poor people,one sardar told me. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -“ Now they shake hands with the capitalists and try to get rid of poor people. 第 6 页,共 31 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - -
46、 - - - - - - - - - - -2022 英语专八真题But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods, out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegationsor that they will be allowed to die out naturally as they re supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after all, is not the first high West Benga