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1、阅读理解（八）1、 Here is some must-know information from a handbook on how people behave in doing business in some countries. In Brazil Brazilians are warm and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other (particu
2、larly women) with light cheek kisses. Schedules tend to be flexible, with business meetings sometimes starting later than planned.But to be safe, be on time. Meals can stretch for hourstheres no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil. Lunches also can start in the mid to late afternoon. Brazilians a
3、re social, preferring face-to-face communication over mails or phone calls. In Singapore Singaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. Business cards should be offered and received with two hands. Arriving late is considered disrespectful. So be on
4、 time. Efficiency(效率) is the goal, so meetings and dealings often are fast-paced.Singaporeans are direct in their discussions, even when the subject is about money. Rank is important and authority is respected. This determines both people interact in meetings. For example, people avoid disagreeing o
5、utright with someone with a higher rank. In the United Arab Emirates In the UAE, status is important, so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles. The handshake seems to be longer than elsewhere. So, do not pull away the handshake. Women should cover themselves when it com
6、es to dress. Men also tend to be covered from neck to elbows(肘部) and down to the knees. People do not avoid entertaining in their homes, but they also hold business meals at restaurants. Touching or passing food or eating with your left hand is to be avoided.When meetings are one-to-one, if your hos
7、t offers you coffee, you should refuse. It might seem odd, but it is a cultural tradition. Coffee should only be accepted if it is always set out or presented. In Switzerland The Swiss tend to be formal and address each other by last name. They also are respectful of private lives. You should be car
8、eful not to ask about personal topics. Punctuality (守时) is vital, something that comes from a deep respect for others time. Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. They also have clear structure in their companies. Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disa
9、gree. Neat, clean dress is expected.The Swiss follow formal table manners. They also keep their hands visible at the table and their elbows off the table. It is polite to finish the food on your plate.1.The passage is mainly about _.A.communication typesB.the workplace atmosphereC.customs and social
10、 mannersD.living conditions and standards2.Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss?A.They put efficiency in the first place.B.They dislike face-to-face communication.C.They want to finish meetings as quickly as possible.D.They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.3.In the UAE,
11、when should you refuse the coffee if it is offered?A.When greeting seniorsB.When meeting the host aloneC.When attending a presentationD.When dining with business partners.4.In which country do people care about where to put their hands at the dinner table?A.In Brazil.B.In Singapore.C.In the United A
12、rab Emirates.D.In Switzerland.2、Food festivals around the worldStilton Cheese Rolling May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four,dressed in a variety of
13、 strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors lane(赛道). Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandab
14、ly the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors are served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese.Fiery Foods FestivalThe Hottest Festival on Earth Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from
15、as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addictionfood that is not just spicy(辛辣), but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Eood and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three days every Ma
16、rch. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepperofficially the hottest pepper in the worldor any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one things for sureif you dont like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isnt for you!La TomatinaThe Worlds Biggest Food Fig
17、ht On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts Ea Tomatinathe worlds largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the weeks events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoesofficial fight-start
18、ers get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd. The battle lasts little more than half an hour, in which time around 50,000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends againand for a much-
19、needed wash!1.In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must _.A.wear various formal clothesB.roll a wooden cheese in their own laneC.kick or throw their cheeseD.use a real cheese weighing about four kilos2.Where is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival held?A.In New Mexico.B.In
20、the Caribbean.C.In Australia.D.In China.3.The celebration of La Tomatina lasts _.A.three daysB.seven daysC.less than three daysD.more than seven days4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine.B.More than
21、 10,000 Chinese take part in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.C.Thousands of spicy foods are on show in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival.D.An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina.3、 Since I was first in China in 2012, my life, and China itself, have developed and changed
22、a lot. My first China interaction was in 2012, when I came here with a friend. We traveled from Beijing to Hong Kong, all in 5 weeks. We had a fantastic time meeting local people, exploring beautiful places and eating delicious food. After this experience traveling across China and eating local food
23、, I really wondered “How did I live without eating dumplings and eggplant on a weekly basis?” Well, I guess I did, somehow, for 22 years! As my Chinese improved during my studies I became more independent and more aware of the possibilities of Waimai, or food home delivery. I suddenly noticed the th
24、ousands of Waimai drivers zooming across the roads on their motorcycles. On deep, dark Beijing winter days and rainy days, Waimai is like the holy grail and as I enjoyed my take - away dumplings I would think and laugh to myself, “How did I live before without being able to get Waimai?” Well, I gues
25、s I did, somehow, for 23 years! In mid-2015, I was back in China again for my masters degree. Thats when I came across my first Mobike: “Oh, thats a unique bike and surely it will get stolen soon ”, I thought as I passed on my own black bike. But one week passed and I saw it still there. Then the on
26、e Mobike sighting turned into two and three, and soon thousands and then seemingly overnight the streets of Beijing were flooded with orange and yellow wheels. Again, I pondered on how I ever lived without my shared bike account. Well, I guess I did, somehow, for 25 years! China today is a country s
27、till steeped in ancient knowledge and custom, yet one that is also bursting with new ideas and changes. Although some things will always stay the same, something else is constantly changing at a pace beyond comprehension. Im sure as I continue my life here in Beijing I will be swept up in the next n
28、ew convenience of life that Chinas rapid development is bringing out.1.According to the first paragraph, what impressed the author most might be _.A.Chinese cultureB.Chinese foodC.Chinese peopleD.Chinese history2.The underlined words holy grail in Paragraph 2 probably means_.A.something preciousB.so
29、mething deliciousC.something expensiveD.something unavailable3.What might be the authors attitude towards Mobike after it boomed?A.Doubtful.B.CuriousC.Shocked.D.Regretful.4.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Chinese ancient wisdom has been replaced by new ideas.B.China is changing steadily and
30、slowly.C.China will always stay as what it was.D.People in China will live a more convenient life in the future.4、 Travelling by car in Switzerland is very easy, as villages and towns are very well marked and accessible. All green road signs indicate a highway or autobahn, blue signs are secondary r
31、oads and white signs back roads.*Limitation The speed limit is 120 km/h (74 mph) on the autobahn, 80 km/h (50 mph) on secondary roads outside of towns and 50 km/h (30 mph) in towns if not indicated differently. Roadside automatic radar-triggered cameras help enforce these limits. Police are empowere
32、d to collect fines on the spot. The minimum age of a driver is 18 years. Seat belts are compulsory for front and rear-seat passengers. The legal blood alcohol limit is 0.08 .*Getting through For travelers with motor-homes, its good that even large motor-homes can travel through the mountain passes.
33、The roads are well maintained and large enough even for trucks. Remember, Switzerland is a very small Country (ca. 250x400 km) and you can easily drive from one end to another in 3 - 5 hours if you stick to the highways. If you plan to travel to Switzerland by car, take your time, you can plan to se
34、e lots of places in a short amount of time. Plan to drive for divings sake, and try to minimally constrain yourself with time-related issues. The mountain resort towns of Braunwald, Murren, Wengen and Zermatt cannot be reached directly by private motor vehicle. Park at the railway or sky tram statio
35、n and complete the journey via public transport. Trams always have priority. Buses have priority when leaving a bus stop. Traffic going up a mountain has priority. Some mountain roads require one-way traffic during certain hours only; these hours will be posted at either end of such roads.*Fuel Fuel
36、 stations along expressways are usually open from 6:00 a.m. to 10pm or midnight. Outside of open hours fuel is commonly available from automatic pumps that accept 10 and 20 SwF(瑞士法郎) notes or credit cards. Many stations accept major charge cards like Visa, MasterCard or American Express. Fuel price
37、ranges from SFr. 1.75.- to 1.95.- depending on the oil price.1.What can you know from the text?A.The mountain roads are wide enough for motor-homes or trucks to go through.B.Travelers should try to save time to cover the places of interest in Switzerland.C.Travelers can ride motor-homes to visit Bra
38、unwald, Murren, Wengen and Zermatt.D.In Switzerland people over 16 are permitted to drive.2.What might NOT be available for travelers to pay fuel in Switzerland?A.Swiss FrancsB.Ali-payC.MasterCardD.American Express3.What type of writing is this text?A.Geography posterB.An activity announcementC.Trav
39、el journalD.Travel guide 5、 Studies show farmland in Africa is often lacking in important nutrients. But researchers say a combination of farming methods may help. Researchers wonder how to increase production without necessarily clearing more land to grow additional crops. American researchers say
40、that can happen with greater use of an agricultural system called perennation. It mixes food crops with trees and perennial plants those that return year after year. Soil scientist John Reganold says, One of the major problems is that the soils are fairly poor in most of the regions. So how do you g
41、row food on poor soils? There have to be food production systems that can build the soil and improve the field. ” Mr. Reganold says poor soils may have resulted from years of weathering that washed away many nutrients. He says some farmers may have done more harm than good. “They have been actually
42、using farming practices where theyre not putting in organic matter. Theyre not putting in fertilizers. They cant afford those things. And it just runs the soil down. So theyre worsening the situation. The scientist says the word perennation defines three systems that are already used in Africa. The
43、oldest of the threeis called evergreen agriculture.Thisiswherefarmers plant trees with theircrops. Farmers in Africa havebeen doing this for sixty years,butitseemstobe growing in popularity. The method is gaining widespread use in countries such as Niger, Burkina Faso, Malawi and Zambia. The trees a
44、re planted among maize(玉米), millet or sorghum crops. They not only add nitrogen to the soil through their roots, but also through their leaves when they fall off and break down. At other times of the year, the trees can protect plants from strong sunlight.John Reganold says he knows of one woman who
45、 has had great success with perennation. “Shes a grandmother in her fifties. Her name is Rhoda Mang yana and she started using this system about twenty years ago. And her yields initially were about a ton of maize. Now with a good year she gets four tons per hectare,four times what she was getting.1
46、.The purpose of the passage is to_.A.tell people how to increase productionB.introduce an agricultural system in AfricaC.introduce the oldest farming method in AfricaD.tell us how to prevent soils from being poor2.What does the underlined word “weathering” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean?A.Being e
47、xposed to wind and rain.B.Growing different crops.C.Being polluted severely.D.Being ploughed improperly.3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is WRONG?A.Perennation mixes food crops with trees and perennial plants.B.Poor soil is the main problem in increasing food production.
48、C.Farmers may be more to blame for the present situation.D.American researchers first invented perennation.4.Why does John Reganold mention Rhoda Mangyana?A.To show the method is very popular in Africa.B.Because she is an expert at farming production.C.To prove the farming method is effective.D.Because she produced more grains than anyone else in the country.6、 The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of