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1、Period Developing ideas课前自学导引热爱园艺“如果欣赏的角度对了，整个世界都是花园。”这些话来自于1911年首次出版的秘密花园一书的作者。那时，在英国只有非常富有的人才有花园。此后不久，人们开始建造带有花园的房屋。这就是英国人对园艺热爱的开始！今天，数以百万计的英国人喜欢说他们有高超的种植技能，大约有一半的人把空闲时间都花在园艺上。对于很多英国人来说，他们的花园就是他们自己的私人世界。每年春天，孩子们都会种向日葵，等着看哪一株最高。专业的园丁知道玫瑰生长的最佳位置，而其他人则要花上数小时来种植完美的蔬菜来参加比赛。许多英国人最喜欢星期天割草，而一些人只是坐在树枝下，享受他
2、们周围世界的美丽就很开心。但在城市，有限的空间使得人们寻找新的解决方案。没有室外空间的人可以租用小块的土地来种植作物。如今，伦敦有超过4,000人在等待这样的土地。最近的一个想法是把屋顶和墙壁变成私人花园。这些花园有助于使城市更环保并可以改善空气质量。园艺不仅对环境有好处，对心灵也有好处。还有什么其他的业余活动能让你与大自然融为一体，创造出更美丽的生物呢？如果你对此有任何疑问，请花点时间来思考一下秘密花园中的这句话：在你种玫瑰的地方，蓟草就无法生长。课堂合作探究1expert adj. 内行的，专家的n. 专家(P68)归纳拓展an expert on/in/at . 某方面的专家be exp
3、ert in/at 在某方面擅长She is an expert in child psychology.她是儿童心理学专家。A musician is one who is expert in playing a musical instrument.音乐家是指在演奏某乐器方面是专家的人。(1)单句语法填空 (expert) point out that fruit juices can be harmful to childrens teeth.答案：Experts(2)单句写作他擅长训练动物。He training animals. 即使是很熟练的驾驶员有时也会犯错误。Even can
4、make mistakes sometimes.答案：is expert in/atexpert drivers 2rent v. 租用，租借n. 租金(P69)归纳拓展(1)rent sth. from sb. 从某人处租用某物(2)for rent 供租用的Some farmers rent their land from the council.一些农民从地方议会租用土地。With the development of pulling down houses, it is harder to find apartments for rent.随着房屋拆迁的扩大，租房更难了。单句语法填空D
5、oes he still live in the flat that was rented a local farmer three years ago?Do you have swimsuits rent?答案：fromfor3limited adj. 有限的(P70)归纳拓展(1)be limited to 受限于，局限到limit . to . 把限制在(2)limit n. 限制；极限；界限v. 限制set a limit to 限制，控制reach the limit达到极限(3)limitless adj. 无限制的，无界限的The expenses should be limit
6、ed to what you can really afford. 费用不应超出你们偿还能力的限度。We set a limit to the expense of the trip.我们为这次旅游的费用作出了限定。She has reached the limit of her patience.她已到了忍无可忍的地步。They limit the speed of cars to 50 kilometers per hour on this road.他们限定这条路的车速为每小时50千米。(1)单句语法填空The amount of money we have is so (limit)
7、that we cant buy the new house.Try to limit your speech five minutes.答案：limitedto(2)单句写作在中国的大城市里，小汽车和卡车的车速限定在每小时30千米。The speed of cars and trucks 30 kilometers per hour in large cities in China.答案：is limited to4benefit n. 好处，益处vt. 有利于；有益于；受益(P70)归纳拓展(1)for the benefit of . for ones benefit 为了的利益be o
8、f benefit to . 有益于；对有好处(2)benefit sb./sth. 使某人或某物受益benefit from/by . 从中受益/获益(3)beneficial adj. 有利的；有益的；受益的As we all know, books are the source of knowledge. I benefit a great deal from reading.我们都知道书是知识的源泉。我从读书中获益匪浅。Doing exercise every day is of great benefit to health.天天做运动对健康大有好处。The soldier lost
9、 his life for the benefit of his motherland.这名士兵为了祖国的利益献出了生命。名师点津benefit一般为不可数名词，但意为“具体的好处”时是可数名词，可用复数形式。(1)单句语法填空The doctor considered that the change would be (benefit) to her health.It is said that Yoga is of great benefit health.答案：beneficialto(2)单句写作毫无疑问这些植物受益于雨水。There is no doubt that the plan
10、ts the rain.答案：benefit fromas well as 既又，不但而且；和一样好(P69)归纳拓展(1)as well as “除了以外，还”；“既又”，通常连接两个并列成分，而且强调前者。(2)as well as连接两个并列主语时，句中谓语动词的单复数形式由as well as前面的主语决定。(3)as well表示“也，又”的意思，副词词组，常位于句末。The teacher, as well as his students, is fond of watching football matches.那位老师以及他的学生们都喜欢看足球比赛。Andy Lau is a
11、famous movie star, and a singer as well.刘德华既是一位著名影星，也是一名歌手。(1)单句语法填空I, as well as they, (be) ready to help you.She sings, and plays the piano .答案：amas well(2)句型转换Mr Brown and his friends like playing basketball. (用as well as改写句子)Mr Brown, ， likes playing basketball.答案：as well as his friendsAnd while
12、 many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them. 许多英国人最喜欢星期天割草，而一些人只是坐在树枝下，享受他们周围世界的美丽就很开心。(P68)剖析本句中while作并列连词，连接前后的并列分句，表示对比，意为“而；然而”。归纳拓展while除作并列连词外，还有以下用法：(1)wh
13、ile引导让步状语从句，多位于句首，意为“尽管，虽然”。(2)while引导时间状语从句，从句谓语必须用延续性动词，意为“当的时候”。Cloning plants is simple while cloning animals is very complicated. 克隆植物简单，但克隆动物就非常复杂了。While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings.尽管我承认他的优点，但我还是能看到他的缺点。While the discussion was still going on, George came in.当讨论还在进行时，乔
14、治走了进来。单句写作他喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。He likes playing basketball, .当他读报纸的时候，他听到有人敲门。 ， he heard someone knocking at the door.虽然这些问题很难，但是我能解决它们。 ， I can solve them.答案：while I like listening to musicWhile he was reading the newspaperWhile the problems are difficult.单词拼写1Understanding the (结构) of the passage can h
15、elp us understand the passage better.答案：structure2Time is (有限的) so you must hurry up.答案：limited3My dream is to (航行) around the world.答案：sail4I prefer to (租用) such an apartment rather than buy one.答案：rent5The new credit cards will be of great b to our customers.答案：benefit6The English C separates Grea
16、t Britain from the Continent.答案：Channel7Where do those kids get their e from? 答案：energy8They are afraid that unemployment will soon break the b of three million in their country.答案：barrier.单句语法填空1They went about their business in a (system) way. 答案：systematic2He doubted they would be able to help.答案
17、：whether/if3 he loves his students, he is very strict with them.答案：While/Though/Although4.It is expected that his new book (publish) next week.答案：will be published5Tom as well as his parents (be) going to Beijing next week.答案：is6The cat felt curious when she saw her own (reflect) in the mirror. 答案：r
18、eflection7His fear of meeting people is connected his unhappy childhood.答案：with8Cycling is highly (benefit) to health and the environment. 答案：beneficial.选词填空separate . from; nothing better; as well as; be good for; have an effect on1.Working out for an hour every day your health.答案：is good for2You c
19、annot expect her to do housework look after children at the same time.答案：as well as3It is impossible to belief emotion.答案：separate; from4Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that you most deeply.答案：have an effect on5She likes than a nice long walk along the beach.答案：nothing better.单句写作1
20、有些人浪费食物，然而有些人却吃不饱。(while)Some people waste food .答案：while others dont have enough to eat2这场大雨使我们按时到那儿变得困难。(make itadj. for sb. to do sth.)The heavy rain on time.答案：makes it difficult for us to get there3穿着得体的服装，再加上健康的身材，情形会大不相同。(as well as)Wearing the right clothes can make all the difference.答案：as
21、well as being fit4不管你对这个城市多么熟悉，也很容易迷路。(it作形式主语)No matter how well you know this city, .答案：it is easy to get lost5听起来好像你在开玩笑。(sound) you are joking.答案：It sounds as if/though课后课时作业There once was a king in a faraway country. One day, he decided to 1 a prize to the artist who would paint the best pictur
22、e of 2 . So many artists 3 . The king looked at all the pictures. 4 there were only two he really liked, and he had to 5 between them. One picture was of a 6 lake. The lake was a perfect mirror with peaceful huge mountains all around it. Above was a 7 sky with light white clouds. All who 8 this pict
23、ure thought that it was a perfect picture of peace.The other picture had 9 ， too. But these were not flat at all. Above was a(n) 10 sky, from which rain fell heavily and in which lightning played 11 . Down the side of the mountain was a waterfall with loud sound. This did not look 12 at all.But when
24、 the king looked 13 ， he saw behind the waterfall a small tree 14 in a crack (缝隙) in the rock. In the tree a mother bird had 15 her comfortable home. There, with the current of angry water, the mother bird was 16 her hungry children in the nest, taking no attention to the 17 things around themin per
25、fect peace.Which picture do you think 18 the prize? The king chose the second picture. Do you know why? “Because” said the king, “peace does not mean to be in a place where there is no 19 ， trouble or hard work. Peace means although noisy things are around you, you 20 keep calm in the heart. That is
26、 the real meaning of peace.”篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了国王要选择一幅最能体现平静的画，并予以奖励。国王要在他最喜欢的两幅画中做出选择，一幅的主题是平静的蓝天白云和湖泊；另一幅则描绘的是狂风暴雨下，与瀑布相邻的灌木树上，正在给小鸟喂食的鸟妈妈。国王选择了第二幅，在嘈杂的环境中，仍守住内心的宁静，这才是真正的平静。1A.take Boffer Csend Dleave答案：B谁画的画最好，国王就给谁一个奖项。offer “提供”。2A.peace Bsilence CbeautyDhonesty答案：A由第8空后的“it was a perfect pictur
27、e of peace”可知，要画一幅展现宁静平和的画。peace “和平；宁静；安宁”。3A.managed Btried Csucceeded Dwent答案：B每位画家都尝试(try)画出一幅表现“宁静”的画。4A.And BOr CSo DBut答案：D由下文“there were only two he really liked”可知，国王看了所有的画但是(but)只喜欢其中两幅画。5A.like Bchoose CgiveDneed答案：B由最后一段中的“The king chose the second picture.”可知，国王需在这两幅画中选择一幅。6A.terrible B
28、noisy Ccalm Ddirty答案：C由下文“it was a perfect picture of peace”可知，这画面中湖面是很平静的。calm “平静的”。7A.black Bblue CgrayDdark答案：B由下文“with light white clouds”可知，蓝天白云可以展现出宁静祥和的画面。8A.had Bliked CpaintedDsaw答案：D谁看到这幅画，都会觉得这是一幅完美地展现了宁静主题的画。9A.sky Bmountains CpeaceDclouds答案：B由第6空后的“The lake was a perfect mirror with pe
29、aceful huge mountains all around it.”及第11空后的“Down the side of the mountain . ”并结合该空后的“these”“flat”可知，第二幅画上也画了山脉。mountains “山脉”。10A.gentle Bangry CblueDsunny答案：B由下文“from which rain fell heavily”可知画中是狂风暴雨的天气，故判断画中天空是昏暗的。angry “生气的，天昏地暗的”。11A.slowly Bgently CwildlyDhappily答案：C由上文“from which rain fell h
30、eavily”可知，画面中狂风暴雨闪电肆虐。wildly “失控地；狂暴地”。12A.peaceful Bnoisy Chappy Dbeautiful答案：A这幅画描绘了闪电和暴风雨，一点也不是表现平静的画。peaceful “和平的”。13A.closely Bstrictly CquicklyDseriously答案：A由下文“he saw behind the waterfall a small tree”可知，当国王仔细观看的时候，发现画中瀑布的后面有一棵小树。closely “仔细地”。14A.planting Bcoming Crising Dgrowing答案：D小树生长在岩石
31、裂缝中。grow “生长”。15A.created Bbuilt CleftDlain答案：B鸟妈妈将鸟巢建造在灌木树上。build “建造”。16A.beating Btouching Cfeeding Dspeaking答案：C由下文“her hungry children in the nest”可知，鸟妈妈正在喂饥饿的鸟宝宝。feed “喂养”。17A.silent Bbeautiful Cfaraway Dnoisy答案：D由文章第二段的描述可知，小鸟周围的环境是有电闪雷鸣，十分嘈杂。noisy “嘈杂的”。18A.wanted Blost Cwon Dreceived答案：C由第1
32、空所在的句子以及下文“The king chose the second picture”可知，此处指哪一幅画可以赢得奖项。win “赢得”。19A.silence Bnoise CpatienceDjoy答案：B由下文“although noisy things are around you”可知，平静不意味着没有任何杂音。noise “杂音；噪音”。20A.still Bagain CevenDjust答案：A由上文“although noisy things are around you”可知，即使周围环境嘈杂，在这种情形下仍然保持内心的安静才是真正的平静。still “仍然”。根据短文
33、内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2016全国卷)A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum (总和) of its parts? 1 . But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts with looking inside
34、yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. 2 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and few
35、er fertilizers (肥料). 3 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall (回忆) your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable gar
36、den might be good or bad, but thats not whats important. 4 how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 5 . Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into
37、 your grownup garden. Have fun.AKnow why you gardenBFind a good place for your own gardenCIts our experience of the garden that mattersDIts delightful to see so many beautiful flowersEStill others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsFYou can produce that kind of magical quality in you
38、r own garden, tooGFor each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have1F上文以疑问句开头，提出“你是否参观过一座似乎很适合你的花园”的问题；下文提到“这并不会偶然发生”，以及一些人想要创建自己花园的原因；由此可知，空格处应引出本文的话题，即创建自己的花园。F项提到了“your own garden”，承上启下，符合语境。故选F。2A本段列举了一些人的观点之后，提到“other reasons that might explain why you want to garden”，由此可以推断出本
39、段的主旨就是：你要知道自己为什么要种植花木。3E根据本段中的“Some people may think that . Others are concerned about .”可推断出此处应该是：Still others may .，旨在解释创建花园的原因。4C上句提到：我们的花园可能是根据童年的记忆而建造的，但是那并不重要，可推知本句应指明培植花园对于我们来说什么是最重要的，C项“在花园中的体验最重要”符合上下文语境。mattersis important，故选C项。5G上句提到：从花些时间回想你童年时期的园子开始吧。“对于(记忆里的)每座花园，写下自己印象最深刻的那部分”与上文语境相符，
40、且G项中的“the strongest memory”与上文中的“recall”相照应。故选G。There is a wonderful story about Jimmy Durante, one of the great singers. 1 (ask) to be a part of a show for some old World War soldiers, he told them he was very busy and he could afford only a few minutes, 2 he would come if they wouldnt mind his sin
41、ging one short song and immediately leaving for his next appointment. Of course, the shows director agreed 3 (happy)But when Jimmy got on stage, something surprising happened. He went through 4 short song and then stayed. The applause grew louder and louder and he kept 5 (stay). Pretty soon, he had
42、been on stage 6 fifteen, twenty, and then thirty minutes. One of his 7 (assist) behind the stage stopped him and said, “I thought you had to go after a few minutes. What happened？”Jimmy answered, “I did have to go, but I can show you the reason why I stayed. You can see for 8 (you) if you look at th
43、e front row.” In the front row were two men, both of 9 had lost an arm in the war. One had lost his right arm and the other had lost his left. Together, they were able to clap, and that was exactly what they 10 (do), loudly and cheerfully.1 2. 3. 4. 5 6. 7. 8. 9 10. 答案：1.Asked2.but3.happily4.the5.staying6for7.assistants8.yourself9.whom10.were doing阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. For example, cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe and poisonous