《GRE词汇知识整编汇总分类.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《GRE词汇知识整编汇总分类.doc（36页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、.*GRE词汇分类归纳(一)归类词汇一：与人身体部位有关的：marrow 骨髓,精华lobe 耳垂,(肺,肝等的)叶incisor 门牙molar 臼齿saliva 口水sinew 腱,力量olfaction 嗅觉skull颅骨, temple太阳穴, lid眼睑, cheek脸, chin下巴, mustache moustache髭, beard胡子、口鬃、鳃、芒, whisker络腮胡子, wrinkle皱纹, mole黑痣、鼹鼠, freckle雀斑, acne粉刺, dimple酒窝, pimple脓疱, denture假牙, gum齿龈、树脂、眼屎, throat喉咙, fauce
2、咽喉,tonsil扁桃体, larynx喉, (laryngitis), torso躯干, abdomen=belly=tummy（同义）腹部, navel脐, waist腰部, hip臀部, buttock臀部, rib肋骨, skeleton骷髅, blood vessel血管, vein静脉, artery动脉, capillary（大小）毛细管, organ人类的发音器官, apparatus器官, gullet咽喉、海峡（同义）, esophagus食道, stomach胃, gall胆, kidney肾, bladder膀胱, pancreas胰（分泌）, spleen脾, duo
3、denum十二指肠, small/large intestine达/小肠, appendix盲肠（无用）, palm手掌, thumb大拇指，forefinger食指, middle/third/little finger, nail指甲, fist, wrist, elbow, joint, ankle, heel, toe, 身体有关的形容词:dorsal背部的gastric 胃的lingual 舌的,语言的,语言学家intestine 肠，内部的nasal 鼻子的pectoral 胸的ocular 眼睛的,视觉的olfactory 嗅觉的二：疾病(炎症)：inflammation炎症，o
4、phthalmic眼炎，encephalitis脑炎, mumps腮腺炎，laryngitis喉炎, bronchitis支气管炎, dermatitis皮炎, neuritis神经炎, pneumonia肺炎, gastritis胃炎, mastitis乳腺炎, nephritis肾炎, hepatitis肝炎, arthritis关节炎，appendicitis 阑尾炎(神经)：neurosis神经(机能)病, psychosis精神病, derangement insanitydelirium精神错乱（失常），mania狂热症, dipsomania嗜酒症, kleptomania盗窃癖
5、, megalomania自大狂,pyromania纵火狂（过分）monomania 偏狂症bibliomania 爱书癖 (血)leukemia白血病, hemophilia血友病, hemorrhage大出血（大）, anemia贫血（缺）, scurvy坏血病(恐惧症)：（害怕）phobia恐惧症, cynophobia恐犬症, hydrophobia=rabies狂犬症/恐水症, andryphobia恐男症, gynophobia恐女症，claustrophobia 幽闭恐惧症misogamy 厌婚症(脑)：hysteria歇斯底里（不正常）,过度兴奋euphoria欣快症, hyp
6、ochondria忧郁症,臆想症stupor昏迷, coma昏迷, dizzy眩晕violaviolinpercussion打击乐器fiddle小提琴harp 竖琴,喋喋不休的说或写bassoon 低音管cornet 短号；圆锥形蛋卷tambourine 手鼓trumpet 小号baton 指挥棒harpsichord 键琴(钢琴前身)dulcimer 洋琴percussion 敲击乐器 percussionist3. 剧本libretto 歌词,剧本4. 乐曲形式lullaby 摇篮曲fantasia 幻想曲capriccio 随想曲concerto 协奏曲serenade 小夜曲balla
7、d 歌谣，小曲ditty 小曲，小调sonata 奏鸣曲symphony 交响乐requiem 安魂弥撒reverie 梦幻曲moonlight 月光曲madrigal 情歌,抒情短诗,合唱曲fugue 赋格曲，朦胧的状态pastiche 混合作品medley 混合歌曲,混杂rhapsody n溢美之词，狂想曲 eclogue 田园诗，牧歌excerpt 书、电影、乐曲等的节录reprise 歌曲中的重复phrase 乐句，短语5. 戏剧形式:burlesque 讽刺滑稽的戏曲cantata 清唱剧oratorio 清唱剧melodrama小歌剧,情节剧revue 时事讽刺剧farce 闹剧m
8、ime, pantomime 哑剧skit 小喜剧pageant 露天历史剧,壮观的游行tango 探戈pastiche 混合拼凑的作品rendition 表演opus 巨著,尤指音乐作品6. 合唱团,乐队choir 合唱团 chorus 合唱团 orchestra 管弦乐队 troupe 歌剧团，剧团 band 乐队 7. 其他melody 旋律,歌曲solo(aria) 独唱；独奏 duet 二重唱 trio 三重唱quartet 四重唱 ensemble 大合唱 unison 齐奏 reprise重奏 note 音符 scale 音阶 gamut 全音阶,全部知识 movement 乐章
9、 score 乐谱 overture 序曲 coda 尾声prelude 序曲 finale 尾声piano 轻柔的 forte 强音的lento缓和的 presto/allegro急速的乐章,急速的 crescendo 渐强 decrescendo渐弱diminuendo 渐弱 soprano 女高音 tenor 男高音audition 试唱rehearsal 排练debut初次登台表演premiere首次公演farewell performance告别演出rendering演出，翻译staccato断音的maestro音乐大师ballerina芭蕾舞女演员minuet小舞步repertoi
10、re 常备剧目pirouette 脚尖立地旋转timbre 音质五.诗文演说诗文体裁anthology诗集，文集carol赞美诗，圣歌doggerel打油诗，歪诗idyll田园诗limerick五行打油诗ode长诗，颂歌paean赞美诗，颂歌epic史诗，赞美诗sonnet十四行诗madrigal抒情短诗lyric抒情诗epic史诗，叙事诗elegy挽歌dirge挽歌诗文相关bald游吟诗人poet诗人preface序言denouement小说结尾canto（长诗）的篇strophe诗节stanza（诗）节段论文演说treatise论文tirade长篇攻击论文dissertation专题论文h
11、arangue长篇指责论文diatribe抨击性论文discourse演讲论述philippic漫骂性演说valedictorian告别演说monologue独白,个人长篇演说monograph专题,论文六. 工具奴才工具hoe锄头harrow耙子flail连枷plough犁tongs钳子blot螺丝，栓子screw螺丝screw-driver起子，螺丝刀hoop铁环skew烤肉棒calipers测径器compass罗盘scythe大镰刀奴才errand差事，差使minion奴才retainer家臣，侍从servant仆人factotum杂役七. 词性标点preposition介词interj
12、ection感叹词verb动词noun名词adjective形容词adverb副词conjunction连词parenthesis, bracket( ) explanation ellipsis omission(word)comma, 逗号 pause, separateperiod. 句号 stopcolon: 冒号 introductionSemicolon; 分号exclamation! 感叹号quotation marks 引号 quotationcaret 插入符号 insertionapostrophe撇号 omission(letter)asterisk星号omission(
13、letter, word), annotationhyphen连字符号 join八. 假的东西bathetic(假作悲伤的),dune, dummy 假人 ersatz 代用的, 假名fabricate(捏造), feign=sham=simulate(+模仿), feint(佯攻), fictitious(虚构的), forge(伪造+打铁铺，锤炼), forger, forgery, genteel(装作彬彬有礼的)gild(虚饰)hypocrite(伪善者、伪君子)insincerity(伪善)loaf(虚度光阴)masquerade(伪装)mendacityperjury(作伪证)ps
14、eudonym(假名), sanctimonious(假装神圣的), smarmy(虚情假意的), smirk(假笑), snobbish(假充绅士), spurious, pseudoscience(伪科学), alias(化名), denture(假牙), toupee(假发), apocrypha伪经, counterfeit伪钞,quack 游医charlatan 江湖郎中mountebank 江湖郎中，骗子placebo 假药(安慰剂)malinger 假病fulsomeness 假赞美sophism 诡辩(reason)bravado 假勇astrology 占星术alchemy炼
15、金术effigy 模拟像九. 小东西glitch小故障gadget小工具miff小争吵skirmish小争吵bicker小争吵spat小争论tiff小争吵peccadillo小过失trinket小珠宝lapse失误十. 山川地形bog cant offshootmarsh slant ramificationswamp incline tributarymire inclination confluencemorass acclivity rapidsquagmire declivity brookoasis crag creekdelta precipice rivuletestuary s
16、carp stream brink riverfordstrand hummock cascadelittoral knoll waterfallshoal hillock meadow gully eddysavanna ravine/gulch/gorge swirl/vortex/whirlpoolmoor canyon maelstrommesa strait geyserplateau isthmus tarntableland merepuddle crater cavitydevour volcano cavernnotchdefiledetour 弯路十一. 医疗和药品1医疗方
17、法:homeopathy顺势疗法allopathy 对抗疗法medicate 用药医治，加入药物mesmerize 对催眠，迷住euthanasia 安乐死2止痛药analgesic (消除、功用) anodyne bromide painkillerbalm3伪药：elixirpanaceanostrumplacebo4阻止作用：astringent coagulant hemostat plaque 5其他各种药：antidote(解毒药), cathartic=purgative(泻药), laxative(轻泻药), antiseptic=fungicide=germicide(杀菌剂
18、), pasteurize(加热杀菌、消毒), disinfectant(消毒剂), herbicide(除草剂), insecticide=pesticide(杀虫剂), hypnoticsoporific=narcotic(催眠药),inhibitor(抑制剂), laxative(轻泻药), palliative(缓释剂), placebo=sop(安慰品、泡过的食品)(安慰剂), precipitant(沉淀剂), solvent(溶剂), preservative(防腐剂), opiate 安眠药,鸦片injection 注射，注射剂lachrymator 催泪剂latency 潜伏
19、期iodine 碘酒insulin 胰岛素leaven 发酵剂,改变,影响ligature 止血的绑缚之物anesthetic additivedepressant preservativeintoxicant desiccantnarcotic=hypnotic lubricantsedative emollientsoporific irritanttranquilizer=balm causticcordial catalystantibiotic（防止，消除，功用）retardanttonicpalliative(二)同义词类一.苛求：exact, exacting, strict,
20、demanding, carping, carp, dainty, fastidious, particular, faultfinder, fussy, captious adj.吹毛求疵的 cavil v.挑毛病,吹毛求疵 censorious adj.吹毛求疵的,苛求的hypercritical adj.苛求的,吹毛求疵的 nitpick v.挑剔,吹毛求疵perfectionist n.力求完美者,吹毛求疵者 quibble n.遁词,吹毛求疵的反对意见niggle v.挑剔,吹毛求疵 二.毗连abut v.接界,毗连adjacent adj.接近的,毗连的 coterminous a
21、dj.毗连的,有共同边界的三.无知 gosling n.小鹅,年轻无知的人 ignoramus n.无知者,笨蛋 ignorance n.无知四.胆汁 bile n.胆汁bilious adj.多胆汁的,坏脾气的gall n.胆汁(bile),怨恨(hatred) 五.烤barbecue n.烤肉架,烤肉baste v.倒脂油于(烤肉上,以防烤干) gridiron n.烤架,橄榄球场 grill v.烤,烤问n.烤架 parch v.烘烤,干热 scorch v.烤焦,烧焦skewer n.(烤肉用的)串肉杆v.用杆串好 broil v.烤,烧六.散漫 amorphous adj.无定形的,
22、散漫的desultory adj.不连贯的,散漫的 diffuse v.散布,(光等)漫射 Adj.漫射的,散漫的 discursive adj.散漫的,无层次的 七.放荡 debauch v.使放荡,堕落 debauchery n.放荡,沉缅酒色 dissipated adj.浪费的,放荡的dissolute adj.放荡的,无节制的 raffish adj.轻浮的,放荡的八.欺侮、吓唬：bully, browbeat, deter, hector, menace, 九.残忍、凶残：atrocious, cruel, brutalbrute, outrageous, barbarous, t
23、ruculence, bestial, callous, enormity(极恶、暴行), 极坏的：execrable, abominable, detestable, feral, fell, ruffian, ruthless, savage, vicious(残酷的、危险的),十.失望、懊恼：chagrin, compunction, penitence, remorse, contrite, dejected, depressed, disheartened, dampen, crestfallen, repentant, despondent, discomfit(使懊恼、难堪),
24、penitent, rue, 十一.憎恨：abhor, animosity, animus, antipathy, aversion, repulse(拒绝), detest, execrate, hostility, loathe, odium, odious, disgusting, offensive, 十二. 不自然的、做作的：affected, contrived, assumed, labored, mannered, pose, poseur, stilted, 十三.慎重：circumspect, chary, wary, condescending, cogitate(慎重思
25、考), conscientious(尽责的)=scrupulous(小心谨慎的), discreet, prudent=provident=deliberate, modest, discretion, gingerly, measured, punctilious, reflect(仔细考虑), reserve(缄默、谨慎), studied, 十四.渎职：derelict, remiss, default(不履行义务的), (discharge履行责任, dutiful, ), goldbrick(逃避责任、偷懒), malfeasance(+不法行为), malpractice, malinger(装病逃避工作), graft十五.沉着、镇静、冷静：aplomb, assuredness, clinical, collected, composed, calm, self-possessed, composure, tranquility, equanimity, dispassionate(冷静的，平心静气的), imperturbable, impassive, levelheaded, phlegmatic, poise, 十六.沉思：cerebral, brood, contemplate, deliberate, meditate,