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1、第四单元检测(时间:100分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ASearching the Internet may help middle-aged and older adults keep their memories sharp,US researchers said.Researchers at the University of California,Los Angeles,studied people doing Web searches by re
2、cording their brain activity.“What we saw was that people who had Internet experience used more of their brain during the search,”Dr.Gary Small,a UCLA expert on aging,said.“This suggests that just searching on the Internet may train the brain and that it may keep it active and healthy.”“This is the
3、first time that someone has simulated(模拟) an Internet search task while scanning the brain,”Small said.His team studied 24 normal volunteers between the ages of 55 and 76.Half were experienced in searching the Internet and the other half had no Web experience.However,the two groups were similar in a
4、ge,gender and education.Both groups were asked to do Internet searches and book reading tasks while their brain activity was monitored(监视).“We found that in the book reading task,the visual cortexthe part of the brain that controls reading and languagewas activated,”Small said.“In doing the Internet
5、 search task,there was much greater activity,but only in the Internet-savvy group.”He said it appears that people who are familiar with the Internet can engage in a much deeper level of brain activity.Activities that keep the brain engaged can preserve brain health and thinking ability.Small thought
6、 learning to do Internet searches may be one of those activities.1Researchers when volunteers were doing Web searches.A.studied the InternetB.activated the brainC.monitored the brain activityD.recorded their memories解析细节理解题。由第五段可知,当志愿者在网上搜索时,研究人员监控着他们的大脑活动。答案C2The two volunteer groups were .A.of the
7、 same ageB.similar in educationC.good at the computerD.book lovers解析细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“However,the two groups were similar in age,gender and education”可知,B项符合题意。A项使用了the same,与原文similar 不符。答案B3According to the passage,we can learn that .A.searching the Web keeps the brain more engagedB.reading books kee
8、ps the brain more engagedC.watching TV keeps the brain more engagedD.chatting online keeps the brain more engaged解析细节理解题。由最后一段第一句话“.who are familiar with the Internet can engage in a much deeper level of brain activity”可知,搜索网页可以使大脑更活跃。答案A4What can we conclude from the last paragraph?A.Web searching
9、is good for the brain.B.Web searching damages the brain.C.Activities are good for the brain.D.Activities damage the brain.解析推理判断题。阅读全文尤其是最后一段可知,研究者发现搜索网页对大脑有益处。答案ABWhich do you think is the best way to keep healthy?With the development of the society,people no longer worry about where their next mea
10、l comes from as they did in the old days.They become more and more concerned about their health problem.Different people come up with different views:eating green food,doing outdoor exercises or going to hospital for medical treatment frequently.As far as I am concerned,the best way to keep healthy
11、is to develop a good quality of psychology(心理).According to some surveys,nowadays,most patients are not physically sick but mentally(精神上)ill.They feel the burden on their shoulders is much heavier than others,so they cant step out of the shadow of depression and sadness.They need to release(释放)their
12、 spirit to the nature.Besides,if you have developed a good quality of psychology,youll become more sociable and thus more willing to play your part in the society.Joining in some keep-fit clubs or attending some travel agency,which by themselves are various versions of physical exercise,will benefit
13、 you a lot.As a poem says,youth is not a period of time;its a state of mind.Everybody wants to keep young at heart because youth is a symbol for endless energy and passion for living.Keep a good quality of mind,or keep a sense of humour,even if you are 80,and youll never be old.5According to the pas
14、sage,in the old days,what people cared most might be .A.foodB.exercisingC.clothingD.health解析推理判断题。由第二段第一句“.people no longer worry about where their next meal comes from as they did in the old days”可知,从前人们最关心的也许就是吃的。答案A6The most probable reason for patients who are mentally ill might be .A.burdenB.de
15、pressionC.sadnessD.spirit解析推理判断题。由第三段第一、二两句可知,患有精神疾病的人负担(burden)比别人重是走不出忧郁和悲伤的阴影造成的。答案A7The best way to develop a good quality of psychology might be .A.taking social responsibilityB.exercising in a keep-fit clubC.going on journeysD.taking physical exercise解析推理判断题。由第四段最后一句可知,要想有个良好的心理素质,就必须参加健身俱乐部或参
16、加一些旅行社,而它们本身就是各种形式的体力锻炼。由此可见,参加俱乐部或旅行社不是目的,关键是体力锻炼。因此D项为最佳选项。答案D8The key point to keep young is to .A.keep exercisingB.keep a young heartC.keep humourousD.keep a proper diet解析细节理解题。由文章倒数一、二两段可知,保持年轻最关键的一点就是保持一颗年轻的心。答案BC(2016四川卷)In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest,there still remain unusu
17、al groups of indigenous(土著的) people.Surprisingly,these people live largely by their own laws and their own social customs.And yet,people in this area are in fact French citizens because it has been a colony(殖民地) of the French Republic since 1946.In theory,they should live by the French law.However,t
18、heir remote locations mean that the French law is often ignored or unknown,thus making them into an interesting area of “lawlessness” in the world.The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks to the efforts of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin.Gin spent five months in early 2015 explo
19、ring the most remote corners of this area,which sits on the edge of the Amazon rainforest,with half its population of only 250,000 living in its capital,Cayenne.“I have a special love for the French Guianese people.I have worked there on and off for almost ten years,” says Gin.“Ive been able to keep
20、 firm friendships with them.Thus I have been allowed to gain access to their living environment.I dont see it as a lawless land.But rather I see it as an area of freedom.”“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record touching upon the uncivilized life,” continues Gin.“I prefer to work in blac
21、k and white,which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.”His black-and-white pictures present a world almost lost in time.These pictures show people seemingly pushed into a world that they were unprepared for.These local citizens now have to balance their traditional self-supporti
22、ng hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic,which brings with it not only necessary state welfare,but also alcoholism,betrayal and even suicide.9Why does the author feel surprised about the indigenous people in French Guiana?A.They seldom follow the French law.B.The
23、y often ignore the Guianese law.C.They are separated from the modern world.D.They are both Guianese and French citizens.解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第二句和第五句可知,作者之所以吃惊,是因为这些人在很大程度上靠自己的法律和社会风俗生活,经常忽视甚至不知道法国的法律,故选A项。答案A10Gin introduces the special world of the indigenous Guianese as .A.a tour guideB.a geographerC.a
24、 film directorD.a photographer解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“I wanted to show the audience a photographic record.”可知,Gin想给观众展示一个摄影记录。由此可以判断,他是以摄影师的身份向世人介绍土著圭亚那人。故选D项。答案D11What is Gins attitude towards the lives of the indigenous Guianese?A.Cautious.B.Doubtful.C.Uninterested.D.Appreciative.解析推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“I hav
25、e a special love for the French Guianese people.”可知,作者对圭亚那人有着特殊的喜爱之情,故选D项。答案D12What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?A.The modern French lifestyle.B.The self-supporting hunting.C.The uncivilized world.D.The French Republic.解析指代关系题。根据上文可知,现在,圭亚那人不得不在传统生活方式和法国现代生活方式之间做出平衡,下
26、文介绍了法国现代生活方式带来的利与弊,由此可知,it指代法国现代生活方式。故选A项。答案ADSpace travel is definitely bad for astronauts bones,reducing their bone density(密度)after only a month of weightlessness,according to French research published on Friday.Laurence Vico and his fellow workers at St Etienne University called for more researc
27、h into the effects of microgravity,after their study of 15 astronauts from the Russian MIR station showed bone loss continued throughout space flights.“Bone loss was especially striking in four astronauts,”the scientists reported in the Lancet Medical Journal.They measured the bone mineral density(B
28、MD)of bones in the forearm(前臂)and lower leg of the astronauts who had spent one to six months in space.The BMD loss was significant in the tibia(胫骨)of the lower leg,a weight-bearing bone,but barely changed in the radius(桡骨)of the forearm.“Our results indicate the need to investigate not only differe
29、nt bones,but also different areas of the same bone since not all sites of the skeleton(骨架)are similarly affected by space conditions,”they added.Without gravity the body isnt bearing any weight so there is no need for calcium(钙)which makes bones strong,and it becomes empty into the bloodstream.The r
30、esearch team suggested in future scientists should try to determine if the loss of bone density was only on weight-bearing bones on longer flights,also the possible recovery after returning to Earth.13French scientists did their research on Russian astronauts,because .A.they only cared for the Russi
31、an astronautsB.they were not interested in their own astronautsC.the Russian government invited them to do their researchD.the Russian astronauts worked in space for a long time解析细节理解题。根据文章第四段的定语从句“who had spent one to six months in space”可推知此题答案为D项。答案D14Scientists have found that .A.the BMD loss ma
32、y cause serious illness to astronautsB.the BMD loss may cause some change in astronauts bodiesC.astronauts shouldnt care about the BMD lossD.astronauts should take some calcium before space travel解析细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句“The BMD loss was significant in the tibia of the lower leg,a weight-bearing bone”可推知此
33、题答案为B项。答案B15In the third paragraph,the word “striking” means .A.unusualB.simpleC.weakD.slow解析词义猜测题。上文提到对十五人进行的研究表明在整个航行过程中骨损在继续,下文再说especially striking,可知是“尤其特别”的事,因此选A项。答案A第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2017全国卷)If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be sp
34、ending most of my weekends camping.I would have laughed heartily.Campers,in my eyes,were people who enjoyed insect bites,ill-cooked meals,and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me.16The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.17 We slept in
35、 a tent,cooked over an open fire,and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work,recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was,nevertheless,talked into going on another
36、 fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.18 Instead,we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.19 We have done a lot of it since.Recently,we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a ba
37、throom and a built-in TV set.There is a separate bedroom,a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.20 It must be true that sooner or later,everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.A.This time there was no te
38、nt.B.Things are going to be improved.C.The trip they took me on was a rough one.D.I was to learn a lot about camping since then,however.E.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.F.After the trip,my family became quite interested in camping.G.There was no shade as the trees were no mor
39、e than 3 feet tall.答案1620 DCAFE第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was about 12,I had an enemy,a girl who liked to point out my shortcomings.Week by week her list grew:I was very 21,I wasnt a good student,I 22 too much,I was too proud,a
40、nd so on.I tried to bear(忍受)all this 23 I could.But at last,I became very 24.I ran to my father with tears in my eyes.He listened to me 25.Then he asked,“Are the things she says true or not?Janet,didnt you ever wonder what youre like?Well,you now have that girls 26.Go and make a list of everything s
41、he said and 27 the points that are true.Pay 28 attention to the other things she said.”I did as he told me.To my great surprise,I discovered that about half the things were true.Some of them I couldnt 29(like being very thin),but a good number I couldand suddenly I wanted to change.For the first tim
42、e I got a clear 30 of myself.I brought the list back to Daddy.He 31 to take it.“Thats just for 32,” he said.“You know better than anyone else the 33 about yourself.But you have to learn to 34,not just close your ears in anger feeling 35.When something said about you is true,youll find it will be of
43、36 to you.Dont shut your ears.Listen to them all,37 hear the truth and do what you know is the 38 thing to do.Daddys advice has 39 me at many important moments.In my life,Ive never had 40 piece of advice.21A.thinB.strongC.tallD.fat解析这是那个女孩列举的“我”的不足:“我”个子矮,“我”不是个好学生,“我”话太多,“我”太骄傲等等。下文有(like being ver
44、y thin)的暗示。答案A22A.sufferedB.offeredC.didD.talked解析talk too much说得太多,能唠叨。这是那女孩列举的毛病之一。答案D23A.ifB.as long asC.untilD.by the time解析只要“我”能(忍受)“我”就尽力忍受。as long as只要;表示条件。答案B24A.foolishB.amazedC.angryD.afraid解析忍受不了了,终于有一次“我”非常气恼。angry气恼。答案C25A.quietlyB.rapidlyC.in surpriseD.in disappointment解析“我”很气恼,跑去告诉爸
45、爸。爸爸静静地听“我”倾诉。quietly安静地;rapidly 迅速地;in surprise吃惊地;in disappointment 失望地。答案A26A.purposeB.opinionC.thoughtD.disadvantage解析现在你知道那女孩的(对你的)评价了吧。opinion评价;看法;意见。答案B27A.missB.markC.tellD.improve解析把那女孩说的都列出来,然后标出是事实的部分。mark标出。答案B28A.noB.moreC.muchD.some解析把是事实的部分标出,其余的就不要关注了。pay no attention to不注意。答案A29A.b
46、elieveB.acceptC.changeD.judge解析有些(如长得偏瘦)“我”不能改变,但还有很多“我”能改。change改变;使变化。答案C30A.pictureB.decisionC.wonderD.memory解析“我”第一次对自己有了清晰的了解。get a clear picture of 对有清晰的了解/理解。答案A31A.promisedB.decidedC.refusedD.rejected解析从后一句来看,“我”拿给爸爸的清单被拒绝(refuse)了,也就是爸爸没要。答案C32A.meB.youC.allD.her解析爸爸不要,并说“这是给你的”。注意这是爸爸对孩子说的
47、话。答案B33A.secretB.careC.troubleD.truth解析你比别人更了解你自己的真实情况。the truth真实的情况。答案D34A.thinkB.worryC.listenD.protect解析但是你必须学会倾听,不要在受到伤害时生气地捂上自己的耳朵(不去听)。答案C35A.hurtB.stupidC.unfairD.proud解析这里指像那女孩奚落她种种不足而受到伤害的情况。feeling hurt受到伤害,在此作状语。答案A36A.the sameB.helpC.interestD.no use解析当别人说的是真实的情况时,你就会觉得(听)对你很有帮助。of help=helpful。答案B37A.butB.orC.evenD.otherwise解析听他们讲,但要听清事实,然后知道自己该做些什么来改正。前后为转折关系。答案A38A.specialB.usualC.differentD.right解析了解事实,去做合适的事(去改正)。right正确的;合适的。答案D39A.belonged toB.stuck toC.returned toD.passed to解析爸爸的话在很多重要时刻又回到“我