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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学校英语语法及习题一、名词复数规章1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2以 s. x. sh. ch结尾,加 -es,如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3以 “辅音字母 +y”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加 -es,如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4以 “ f或 fe ”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es,如： knife-kni
2、ves 5不规章名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-children,foot-feet,. tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 写出以下各词的复数I _him _this _her _ watch _child _photo _diary _ day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry
3、_ thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特点、状态；如：2.表示常常性或习惯性的动作；如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的；I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床；3.表示客观现实；如： The earth goes around the sun.地球围着太阳转；一般现在时的构成 1. be动词：主语 +beam,is,are+其它；如：I
4、am a boy.我是一个男孩；2.行为动词：主语 +行为动词 +其它 ；如：We study English.我们学习英语；当主语为第三人称单数 he, she,it时,要在动词后加 -s或-es；如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜爱汉语；一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化；否定句：主语 + be + not +其它；如： He is not a worker.他不是工人；一般疑问句： Be +主语 +其它；如： -Are you a student. -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特别疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如： Where is my bik
5、e. 2.行为动词的变化；否定句：主语 + dont doesnt +动词原形 +其它 ；如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用 He doesnt often play. doesnt构成否定句；如：一般疑问句： Do Does +主语+动词原形 +其它；如：- Do you often play football. - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句；如：- Does she go to work by bike. - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 名师
6、归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 特别疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句；如：How does your father go to work. 动词 +s 的变化规章 1一般情形下,直接加 -s,如： cook-cooks, milk-milks 2以 s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加 -es,如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3以 “辅音字母 +y”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加 -es,如： study-studies 一般现在时用法专练 : 一
7、、 写出以下动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空；1. He often _have dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _be in Class One. 3. We _not watch TV on Monday. 4. Nick _not go to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _like the Wo
8、rld Cup. 6. What _they often _do on Saturdays. 7. _ your parents _read newspapers every day. 8. The girl _teach us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _take a walk together every evening. 10. There _be some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _like cooking. 12. They _have the same hobby. 13. My aunt _look af
9、ter her baby carefully. 14. You always _do your homework well. 15. I _be ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _go to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _do not like PE. 18. The child often _watch TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _have eight lessons this term. 20. What day _be it today. It
10、s Saturday.三、根据要求改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.改为否定句 _ 2. I do my homework every day.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 3. She likes milk.改为一般疑问句,作确定回答 _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 5. We go to school every morning.改为否定句 _ 6. He speaks English very well.改为否定句 _ 7. I like taking photos
11、 in the park.对划线部分提问 _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 8. John comes from Canada.对划线部分提问 _ 9. She is always a good student.改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.改为否定句 _ 五、改错 划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上 1. Is your brother speak English. 2. Does he likes going fishing.
12、3. He likes play games after class. _ _ _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5. She don t do her homework on Sundays. _三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作；2现在进行时的确定句基本结构为 be+动词 ing. 3现在进行时的否定句在 be后加 not；4现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be 动词调到句首；5现在进行时的特别疑问的基本结构为：疑问词 + be + 主语 + 动词 ing. 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词
13、+ be + 动词 ing. 动词加 ing 的变化规章1一般情形下,直接加 ing,如： cook-cooking 2以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e 加 ing,如： make-making, taste-tasting 3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 ing,如： run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习：一、写出以下动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_ go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live
14、_ take_ come _ get_ stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1. The boy _ draw a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ sing in the classroom. 3. My mother _ cook some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ do now. 5. Look. They _ have an English lesson. 6. They _ not, water the flowers now. 7. Look. The girl
15、s _dance in the classroom . 8. What is our granddaughter doing. She _listen to music. 9. It 5 os clock now. We _ _ have supper now 10._Helen_wash clothes. Yes, she is. 三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework. 分别改成一般疑问句和否定句 _ _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2The students are clea
16、ning the classroom . 改一般疑问句并作确定和否定回答 _ _ 3I m playing the football in the playgrou nd .对划线部分进行提问 _ 4Tom is reading books in his study . 对划线部分进行提问 _ 四、将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及准备、方案或预备做某事； 句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year 二、基本结构： be going to + do； ,soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等；will
17、+ do. 三、否定句：在 be动词（ am, is, are）后加 not 或情态动词 will 后加 not 成 wont；例如： I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或 will 提到句首, some改为 any, and改为 or,第一二人称互换；例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this wee
18、kend.五、对划线部分提问；一般情形,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情形；1. 问人； Who 例如： I m going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon.What is 2. 问干什么； What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3. 问什么时候； When.例如： She六、同义句： be going to = will s going
19、 to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed. I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天） . = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空；1. 我准备明天和伴侣去野炊；I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你准备去干嘛 . 我想去打篮球；What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday. I _ _ _ play basketball. What _ y
20、ou do next Monday. I _ play basketball. 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是,她要去买一些水果；_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _. Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit. 4. 你们准备什么时候见面；What time _ you _ _ meet. 改句子；5. 6. 7. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy _ going to go camping. I ll go and join them.（改否定） I _ go _ join
21、 them. I m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow. 8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）_ _ she _ _ _ after school. My father and mother are going to see a play
22、the day after tomorrow.同上 10. _ _ going to see a play the day after tomorrow PEP学校英语重点句型语法总结第 4 页,共 7 页人教版 PEP教材在学校阶段涉及的重要语法学问主要有7 种：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - to be句型、 there be 句型、一般现在时句型、现在进行时句型、一般过去时句型、情态动词 can引导的型、 be going to句型等；现以 5-8 册书为例,简要总结如下：一 to be 句型：用于介绍个人情形如姓名、健康状况、身
23、份、国籍、家庭成员、伴侣、职业等,描述地点、颜色、四季、日期、星期几等,该句型广泛分布于各册教材中,其中 58 册的句型主要有：1. Who s your English teacher.Mr. Carter. 2. What s he like.Hes tall and strong.3. Is she quiet. No, she isn She is very active. 4. Is she strict. Yes, she is, but shes very kind.5. What day is it today. It ednesday. 6. What s your favo
24、urite fruit/food .7. They re sweet/ sour/ salty/ healthy/ 8. When is your birthday. Its in May.9. My birthday is in June. Uncle Bills birthday is in June, too.10. Is her birthday in June. Yes, it is. 11. What he date. 12.This is Zhang Peng. 13. Where is the cinema, please. Its next to the hospital.1
25、4. How tall are you？I m 164 cm tall.15. You are shorter than me. 16.You re 4 cm taller than me.17.How heavy are you. I m 48 kg.18. Im thinner tha n you, and shorter. 19. What s the matter with you.My throat is sore. 20. How are you, Liu Yun / Sarah. 二 there be句型：表示存在,即： “某处有某物 ”或“某时有某事 ” ；句型基本结构为： T
26、here is+ 可数名词单数或不行数名词 +时间或地点；There are+可数名词复数 +地点；该句型主要分布在第 5 册的 Unit 5 和 Unit 6 中,如：1. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room. 2. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet. 3. Is there a forest in the park. Yes, there is. 4. Is there a river. No, there isnt.t.5. Are there a
27、ny pandas in the mountains. No, there aren6. Are there any fish in the rivers. Yes, there are. 三 一般现在时句型：表示习惯性的动作或行为,或现在存在着的状况；句型基本结构为：主语 +行为动词 +其他；当主语是第三人称单数时,要在动词原形后面加 s 或 es,其他人称作主语时就用动词原形,在问句及否定句中 需 要用助 动词 do 或 does；这 种句型通常 有一些 标志词 , 如 ：usually often sometimes never always 等；该句型主要分布在第 7 册 Unit4,
28、5,6, 第 8 册 Unit2 中；如：Book5: 5 册 Unit2&3 ,第 6 册 Unit1&2, 第1. What do you have on Thursdays. We have English, math and science on Thursdays. 2. What do you do on Saturdays. I watch TV on Saturdays. 3. I do my homework. 4. What do you have for lunch on Mondays. We have tomatoes, tofu and fish. 5. I lik
29、e fruit. But I dont like grapes.Book6: 1. When do you eat dinner. I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening. 2. When do you get up. I usually get up at 12:00 noon. 3. What do you do on the weekend. Usually I watch TV and go shopping. 4. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. I often play football. Sometimes I
30、 go hiking. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5. Which season do you like best. I like winter best. 6. Why do you like summer/winter. Book7: 1. How do you go to school, Sarah. 2. Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike. 3. I like collecting stamps. He likes colle
31、cting stamps, too. 4. Does she teach math. Yes, she does. She teaches math. 5. Does she teach English？ No, she doesn 6. What does your mother do. What does your father do. 7. Where does she work. She works in a car company. 8. How does she go to work. She goes to work by bus. 9. Where does the rain
32、come from. It comes from the clouds. 10. Where does the cloud come from. It comes from the vapour. 11. Where does the vapour come from. It comes from the water in the river. 12. The sun shines and the water becomes vapour. 13. How do you do that. Book8: 1. My nose hurts. 2. How do you feel. I feel s
33、ick. How does Amy feel. 3. You look so happy. You look sad today. 四 现在进行时句型：表示说话时正在进行的动作或大事,或在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情 况；标志词是： now 也常用在 Look. Listen. 等后面；句型主要结构为：be动词（ am, is, are）+动词现在分词 v. ing；该句型主要分布在第6 册 Unit4, 5, 6 中；如：1. What are you doing. I m doing the dishes.I m reading a book.2. Grandpa is writing
34、a letter. Brother is doing homework. Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen. 3. He is writing an e-mail in the study. 3. What is it doing . It s eating bananas.4. What is she doing . Shes jumping. re climbing trees. 5. What are they doing . Theyre swimming.They6. Are you eating lunch. No, we arent.7.
35、Are they eating the honey. Yes, they are. 8. Is he playing chess. Yes, he is. t. 9. Is she counting insects. No, she isn 五 一般过去时句型：表示过去发生的而现在已经终止的大事、动作或情形；句型基本结构为：主 语+动词过去式 +其他；标志词通常是： yesterday, last week , last year 等,在问句与否定句中要用助 动词 did；该句型分布在第 8 册 Unit3&4 中；如：1.What did you do last weekend. I pla
36、yed football. 2. Did you help them clean their room. Yes, I did. 3.What did you do yesterday. I went fishing. 4. Did you read book. Yes, I did. 5. Did you clean your room. No, I didnt.6.Where did you go on your holiday. I went to Xinjiang. 7. What did you do there. I sang and danced with my new frie
37、nds. 8. How did you go there？I went by train. d like some 此外,一般过去时也可用来表示客气的询问；如：Book3 Unit5, Book 5 Unit3 中的： What would you like for lunch. I 六 情态动词 can引导的句型：表示有才能做某事,5 册 Unit4 和第 7 册 Unit1 中；如：can后面的动词要用原形；该句型主要分布在第Book4: 1. What can you do. I can sweep the floor. I can cook the meals. 名师归纳总结 - -
38、- - - - -第 6 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2. I can water the flowers. 3. Can you make the bed. No, I cant.4. Can you use a computer. Yes, I can. Book7: How can I get to Zhongshan Park. You can go by the No. 15 bus. 七 将来时：我们的教材中显现过两种表示将来时的句型,即：will 和 be going to句型,主要以 be going to 句型为主, 表示将要做某事或准备做
39、某事； 句型主要结构： am/is/are + going to + v.原形；标志词有：tomorrow next weekend this morning this weekend next be going to Book7: 1. What are you going to do this weekend. I am going to visit my grandparents. 2. Where are you going. I am going to the cinema. 3. How is he going to Beijing. He is going to Beijing by plane. 4. When is she going to Xiashan. She is going to go there at 9:00 am 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页