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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载中考英语阅读懂得填词解题技巧 潘永红 中考英语阅读懂得填词解题技巧 潘永红 1 通过因果关系猜词通过因果关系猜词第一是找诞生词与上下文之间的规律关系然后才能猜词有时文章借助关联词 如 becauseassinceforsothusas a resultof coursetherefore 等等 表示前因后果例如 You shouldnt have blamed him for thatfor it wasnt his fault 通过 for 引出的句子所表示的缘由 那不是他的错 可猜出 blame 的词义是 批评 2 通过
2、同义词和反义词的关系猜词 通过同义词猜词一是要看由 and 或 or连接的同义词词组如 happy and gay 即使我们不熟悉 gay 这个词也可以知道它是开心的意思二是看在进一步说明的过程中使用的同义词如 Man has known something about the planets VenusMarsand Jupiter with the help of spaceships 此句中的 Venus 金星 Mars 火星 Jupiter 木星 均为生词但只要知道 planets 就可猜出这几个词都属于 行星 这一义域通过反义词猜词一是看表转折关系的连词或副词如butwhilehow
3、ever 等二是看与 not 搭配的或表示否定意义的词语如 He is so homelynot at all as handsome as his brother 依据 not at allhandsome 我们不难估计出 homely 的意思即不英俊不美丽的意思3 通过构词法猜词在阅读文章时我们总会遇上一些新词汇有时很难依据上下文来推断其词意而它们对文章的懂得又有着举足轻重的作用此时如把握了 一些常用的词根前缀后缀等语法学问这些问题便不难解决了4 通过定义或释义关系来估计词义例如 But sometimesno rain falls for 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1
4、页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载a longlong timeThen there is a dry periodor drought 从 drought 所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨于是便有一段干旱的时期即drought由此可见drought 意思为 久旱 旱灾 而 a dry period 释义关系常由 isorthat isin other wordsbe called和 drought 是同义语这种同义或 或破折号等来表示5 通过句法功能来估计词义 例如 Bananasorangespineapplescoconuts and
5、some other kind of fruit grow in warm areas 假如 pineapples 和 coconuts是生词我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来判定它们大致的意思从句中不难看出 pineapplescoconuts和 bananasoranges 是同类关系同属 fruit类因此它们是两样水果精确地说是菠萝和椰子6 通过描述猜词 描述即作者为帮忙读者更深更感性地明白某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌或内在特点的描写例如The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South PoleIt is fat an
6、d walks in a funny wayAlthough it cannot flyit can swim in the icy water to catch the fish 从例句的描 述中可以得知 penguin 是一种生活在南极的鸟类后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的 生活习性 短文改写填空型阅读懂得题的解答技巧是第一通读全文对文章的大意有个 初步的明白同时找出文章中的关键句在有限的时间内快速抓住文章的要点然后 纵览缩写后的短文在明白其大意的同时确定所要填写的内容即词语或短语是否 与已知文段中的相一样填写时肯定要认真比如有的属于固定搭配有的句子是文 中原句的同义句这些只要稍加留意就可防止出
7、错同时仍要留意动词时态人称名 词单复数是否有误首字母是否大写句子的主谓搭配是不是合理等最终将改写后 的文章再通读一遍看看改写后的短文是否流畅语句是否通顺同时仍要照料到原名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载文看改写后的短文是否与原文意思相符合My grandfather was a teacher He was the headmaster of a school for boys between the ages of thirteen and eighteen I know that he wa
8、s a kind man because when I was young and he was old he gave me presents and sat me on his knees and told me stories But I believe the boys at his school were afraid of him At school when he walked into a room full of noisy boys they stopped talking at once When he looked at a boy with a certain 某种
9、look in his eyes that boy was red in the faceand looked down at his shoes If a boy brought him poor careless work my grandfather picked up the boys book and threw it across the room shouting Do it all again and bring it back first thing in the morning If the boy was late or if he forgot to bring his
10、 work he had to do it again and again and yet again My grandfather never forgot At school he was very different from the man I saw day by day in his own home 依据短文内容改写每个空格只限填写一个单词When I was young I studied at a 1 school We were all 2 thirteen and eighteen Our headmaster was 3 old man He was kind but
11、all of 4 were afraid of him For example we were playing talking and laughing 5 he came in at once the classroom became quiet If a boy didnt 6 his homework well or carefully he would be very 7 and asked the boy to do it again and 8 But his 9 told he never did things 10 that at home 名师归纳总结 - - - - - -
12、 -第 3 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载1boys 答案就在短文的第一句话之中但要留意词形的转换这里要用名词所 有格形式 2between 文章第一句中的 of a school for boys between the ages of thirteen and eighteen 是答案的依据 3an 这个小题比较简洁用不着联系短文内容仅凭语法学问就能解答 old 以元音音 素开头所以填写不定冠词 an 4us 由 But I believe the boys at his school were afraid of him 可知孩子
13、们都可怕他短文是以第一人称的口吻写的而改写的短文就是以同学们的身份写 的弄清了这一点此空即能做出5when短文其次自然段开头的那句话同样是一个以when引导的时间状语从句6dofinish 由 If a boy brought him poor careless work 这句话不难联想到是同学没有认真做 完成 作业7angry 由 If a boy brought him poor careless work my grandfather would pick up the boys book and throw it across the roomshouting 这句话可知假如某个男孩没
14、有很好地完成作业祖父就会把那位同学的书本扔到外面并大声斥责他重做明显祖父是由于愤怒了才这么做的8again 由 If the boy was late or if he forgot to bring the work he would have to do it again and again and yet again 这句话可以确定此空要填写 again一词9grandson 原文是从 the headmaster的孙子的角度写爷爷在学校与在家里的不名师归纳总结 同表现的联系第一自然段和At school he was very different from the man I 第 4
15、页,共 11 页saw day by day in his own home这句话可知填写grandson 是最恰当的- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载10like 通常全文可知作者想表达的意思是祖父在学校里的表现与在家中的表现截然不同换言之就是祖父在学校的表现从来都不象在家中的样子由此可以得出这里要填介词 like 像一样In the future machines will be improved and do more and more work for man Few people have to work for long
16、 hours Man will have more time for leisure How will he use this leisure in the world of tomorrow Certainly he will still need holidays In the future the computer will help people to find the right place The computer will ask them questions which they will answer by pressing a button It 抣 l also show
17、 them pictures and they will say which ones they like then the computer will tell them wghere to find the place they want for holiday TV will be used more in education It will also help people to use their leisure time well There will be more programmes on how to make and how to do things In the fut
18、ure people will certainly have to do less work Machines will take more and more work from man This means that the rest of the time will be mostly leisure time Some scientists say that man of the future will be able to get enough pleasure and enjoyment on his own without going anywhere According to o
19、ther scientists a man will put on a small cap The cap will make him see feel and hear all kinds of enjoyable things 名师归纳总结 依据短文内容完成以下各题第 5 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载1In the future _ will do more and more work for man so man will do _ work 2People will spend more time _
20、_ in the future 3_ _ can help us to find the place where we want to spend our holiday 4TV will be more useful in _ and help people use their _ time well 5People will live an enjoyable life _ going _ 1 machines less 人类的工作会更少由第一段可知在将来机器会代替人类做更多的工作所以2 for leisureenjoying themselves 由第一段 Man will have m
21、ore time for leisure 一句可知人们将会有更多的时间休息3 The computer 由第三段可知电脑将会帮忙人类找到他们想要度假的地方4 education leisure 由文中 TV will be used more in education It will also help people to use their leisure time well 两句中得到答案5 without anywhere 在文章最终一段 Some scientists say that man of the future will be able to get enough pleas
22、ure and enjoyment on his own without going anywhere 中可得知答案 In court 法庭 the judge asks the boy named Henry some questions Judge Can you tell us how the accident happened Henry Yes sir The farmer drove very fast when I met with him His car knocked me down and hurt my arm 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 11
23、 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载Judge To the farmer Was that right Farmer No sir But it rained heavily and I couldnt drive fast Judge So you dont think you knocked him down Farmer Yes I did But I didnt see him mending his bike in the middle of the road Judge Well Did you send him to a hospital
24、Farmer Yes But the doctor said there was nothing serious to him Judge To Henry Do you agree with him Henry Yes sir But my left arm often hurts and I cant lift it at all Judge Could you show us how you can lift it now Henry Sure Slowly the boy lifts his arm below his nose Judge Poor boy And how high
25、could you lift it before the accident Henry Oh I could lift it very high like this Holding his left arm up over his head Judge But I dont think theres something wrong with your arm Henry IISo it is But my lawyer 律师 tells me to do so 依据上面的对话在短文的空白处填写一个适当的词使短文内容与对话 意思相符 It happened on a 1 _ day A boy
26、named Henry was 2 _ his bike on the road while a farmers 3 _ knocked him down The farmer sent him to a hospital and the doctor said nothing 4 _ happened 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料 欢迎下载to the boy But his parents hoped the boy could be paid more 5 _ for it They aske
27、d for a lawyers 6 _ The lawyer taught the boy 7 _ to say in court Henry told the judge his arm hurt and that he couldnt 8 _ it up The judge asked him to show it to him He could lift it below his nose The judge asked him how 9 _ he could lift it before the accident The boy 10 _ what the lawyer said a
28、nd lifted it over his head Dear editor I am not a good-looking boy and I am not good at studying either Some people dont even want to talk to me So I usually feel lonely Sometimes I think that if I want to leave home nobody will care How can I stop feeling like this Peter Dear Peter But first I am s
29、ure that you are wrong that nobody will care if you leave your home What about your parents And other family members It seems that you are very sad Youd better go to see a doctor or talk to your parents They can help you Second Im sure theres someone in your class who feels lonely too You never know
30、 how other people feel inside Try to make friends with them Or you join a club to meet new people and to keep yourself busy You need to find happiness in yourself Write a list of all the good things about yourself Learn to like yourself and then others will see your 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 11 页精
31、选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - confidence 学习好资料欢迎下载信心 and like you too Editor 1 Peter isnt good at and he feels _ 2 He writes to the editor to ask for _ because he wants to _feeling lonely 3 If Peter joins a club he can new people and keep busy 4 The editor suggests 建议 that Tom should talk to a and his 5 P
32、eter is lack of 缺少 and he needs to find _ in himself 1 studying lonely 2 help stop 3 meet himself 4 doctor parents 5 confidence happiness Once Ei tei gave a lecture in many place in America His driver alway listened to him and knew the lecture so well that he was sure he could give it himself So Ei
33、tei agreed that the driver gave the lecture himNobody knew Ei tei there the driver gave the lecture for Ei tei that evening At first he was a bit afraid but Ei tein s smile made him feel better He gave a good lecture and the people were quite pleased The the driver started to leave and Ei tei follow
34、ed him without a wordWhen they got to the door a man asked the driver a difficult questionThe driver said that the question was very easy and told the man to ask his driver 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - behind to answer it学习好资料欢迎下载依据短文内容填空每空限填一词Ei tei gave the 1 _ lecture
35、again and again His driver 2 _ to his lecture too many times 3 _ he wanted to give it 4 _ When Ei tei knew it he let the driver 5 _ the lecture for him that night The driver gave a 6 _ lecture and the great scientist was quite pleasedWhen they were 7 _ the lecture room a man asked the driver a quest
36、ionTo show 8 _easy the question was the driver asked Ei tei who followed him 9 _ to answer it 10 _ of him KEY 1same 2listened 3that 4himself 5give 6good 7leaving 8how 9quietly behind 10instead 外语下载中心 httpcom 外语下载中心 httpcom 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 学习好资料欢迎下载第 11 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -