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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 中学英语全部时态一般现在时A: 一般现在时通常表示目前阶段常常发生的动作或存在的状态；结构: 1 ）be 动词的第一人称单数为,第三人称单数为,其他人称为；有一顺口溜表达了它的用法：我用 am ,你用 are ,is 用于他,她,它 , 单数 is ,复数 are. 确定式 : 主语+ am /is/are + 其他否定式 : 主语+ am/is/are +not + 其他 疑问式 :Am /Is /Are + 主语+ 其他. 简略回答 : 肯 Yes, 主语 + am/ is /are 否 No, 主语 + am /is/are not 缩写
2、形式 : Im = I am Thats =That is Were =We are Whats= What is Youre = You are Whos = Who is Theyre =They are Wheres =Where is Hes =He is Shes =She is Its = It is isnt=is not arent=are not 2 ）行为动词（实义动词）除主语是第三人称单数外,都用动词原形,主语是第三人称单数时,在动词词尾加 -s 或-es ；名师归纳总结 “ 动词第三人称单数” 的加法即 “ 如何从动词原形变为第三人称第 1 页,共 36 页- - -
3、- - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 单数”1、一般情形加 s. 2、以 o, s, x, ch, sh 结尾加 es. 3 、以“ 辅音字母 +y” 结尾 改 y 为 i +es 写出以下动词的第三人称单数：study play go come help teach lie listen begin open sit throw wash guess cut run relax beat eat 确定式 : 主语+动词原形 / 动词的第三人称单数否定式 : 主语+助动词 dont/doesnt +动词原形 +其他疑问式 :Do/Does+主语+动词原形 +其他简略回
4、答 : 肯Yes, 主语+do/does 否No, 主语+do/does not 缩写形式 : dont = do not doesnt =does not 留意： have 的第三人称单数为 has 用法：1. 表示事实 , 现状, 性质或常常的 , 习惯的动作 , 常与 often, usually, always, sometimes, today,every day,once a week, every five minutes, on Sundays 等时间状语连用 , eg. He has a brother. 2. 表示普遍真理 . eg. The earth goes roun
5、d the sun. 名师归纳总结 3. 表示在现在时间里所发生的一个动作 . 第 2 页,共 36 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - eg. Here comes the train. 4. 在时间和条件状语从句中代表一般将来时 . eg.Ill go with you if you are free tomorrow. 一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,词的过去式表示；结构：一般过去时通常由动1. 动词的第一、三有称单数用 , 其他人称用 , 其确定式 , 否定式 , 疑问式 和简略回答形式与一般现在时相像； 2. 行为动词的过
6、去式分为规章和不规章两种 是在动词后加或 , 不规章动词参照不规章动词表, 规章动词的过去式 , 需要特地记忆；确定式 : 主语 +动词的过去式 + 其他 eg. I got up at six this morning. 否定式 : 主语 + did not + didnt live here last year. 动词原形 + 其他 eg. John 疑问式 :Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 eg. Did you see him a moment ago. 简略回答 . 肯Yes, 主语 +did 否No , 主语 + didnt. 用法 ：1. 主要用于过去某个时间发生的动作
7、或状态 . eg. My father was at work yesterday. 2. 表示过去常常或反复发生的动作, 常与 often,always 等表示频度的时间状语连用 . 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - eg. He always went to work by bus last summer. 3. 和 when等连词引导的状语从句连用 . eg. When she reached home, she had a short rest. 4. 常与表示过去的时间状语, 如 ago, yesterd
8、ay, last week, in the old days, when I was five years old, in 1995 等连用 .eg.They began the work two months ago. Were you born in 1981. Yes, I was. 不规章中寻 规章 英语中很多动词的过去式是不规章的,有些同学死记硬背, 却成效不佳；我们不妨共同查找一些不规章动词中的“ 规章”,这样记忆起来就会事半功倍了；I 过去式与动词原形同形；例如： letlet, putput, hithit, readreadred 等；II 动词原形以 owaw结尾,过去式常
9、变为 ew；例如： knowknew, grow grew, throw threw, draw drew 等；但是也有一些例外,例如：showshowed；III 很多动词只要将动词原形中的元音字母 去式；例如：i 改为 a,就可变为过 beginbegan, give gave, singsang, swim swam, sit sat, drinkdrank, ringrang 等但是 winwon例外；IV 有些动词的过去式以oaught 结尾；例如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - bring broug
10、ht, buy bought, think thought, catch caught, teachtaught 等； 留意 上述动词过去式到底是以 ought:t 仍是 aught:t 结尾,只要记住“ 有 a 就 a,无 a 就 o” 即可；即: 原形中有 a 的,过去式变为 aught ,否就为 ought；V 以 eep 结尾的动词,常将 eep 改为 ept 构成过去式；例如： keepkept, sleepslept, sweepswept 等；一般将来时一般将来时棗表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态结构：助动词shall/will be is ,am ,are going to +
11、动词原形（当主语第一人称时, 一般用 shall ,当主语为第三人称时, 用 will ,但主语为第一人称时,也用 will ）确定式 : 主语+shall/will+ 动词原形 +其他否定式 : 主语+shall/will+not+ 动词原形 +其他. 疑问式 :Shall/Will+主语+动词原形 +其他简略回答 : 肯Yes, 主语 +shall/will . shant= 否No, 主语+shall/will+not shall not 缩 写 形 式 : ll =shall/will wont = will not 用法: 1. 表示将要发生的动作或情形 , 常用时间状语有 : la
12、ter on, soon, 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - in a month, next time, from now on, tomorrow 等. eg. I shall be eighteen years old next year. Maybe Chinas population _ pass 1,300,000,000 by the year 2005. 2. 表示某种必定的趋势 eg. Fish will die without water. 解析：1. 在以第一人称为主语的问句中 , 常用 sh
13、all 表示提议和询问情形 ,在以其次人称作主语的问句中 , 用 will 表示恳求 . eg. Where shall we have the meeting. Will you please lend me your pen. 2. 当主语是第一人称时 , 用 will 表示意愿 . 决心. 承诺. 命令等 . eg. I will give you an English-Chinese dictionary for your birthday. 3.在时间或条件状语从句中, 一般用一般现在时代替一般将来时. eg. Tom will write to me when he gets th
14、ere. 4.be going to + 动词原形也可表示将来时 . 1. 表示主观意愿 . 准备等 . eg. Hes going to learn English next term. 2. 依据已有迹象 , 可能要发生的情形 eg. Look at the black clouds. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - -It is going to rain. 现 在 进 行 时现在进行时棗表示目前或目前阶段正在进行的动作； 表示“ 正在（在）干 ” 结构：is/am/are + 动词的 -ing 形式 动词
15、的现在分词 用法：1. 表示目前发生 进行 的动作 不指状态 , 常用时间状语有:now, at the moment 等, 并常显现在祈使句的句子中, 与 look, listen连用. eg. Are you writing a letter to your father at the moment. Listen. She is singing in the next room. 2. 表示目前阶段正在进行 , 而此刻不肯定在进行的动作 . 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - eg. They are plan
16、ting trees these days. 3. 表示按方案或支配即将进行的动作, 表示这种动作的动词有:come, go, leave, arrive, start, see 用. 等, 并常与表示将来时间的状语连 eg. They are leaving for Australia tomorrow afternoon. 留意: 某些表示感觉或状态的动词, 如 love, like, prefer, hate, see, know 等一般不用现在进行时 . eg. Lucy prefers art to science. 练习题：（挑选填空）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8
17、 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 一. 般现在时 . （）1.My English teacher about thirty years old, but he younger than he really is. A. is, look B .is, looks C. am, look （） 2.Jim very hard, but he till a little weak in Chinese. A. studies, is B. study, is C. doesnt study, isthe （）3.We all know that the sun
18、round earth. A. goes B. dont go C. doesnt go （）4.There twelve months in a year and January first. A. is, comes B. are, come C. are, comes （）5.Who the kite best of all, Jim. Lucy or Lily. A .flies B. fly C .are flying 名师归纳总结 （）6. the Great Wall one of the 第 9 页,共 36 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
19、 - - places of great interests in China. A.Was B. Do C. Is （）7. you usually to school with classmates. A. Do, comes B. does, come C. Do, come （）8. she home at six oclock every mornig. A. Do, comes B. Does. Come C. Do, come （）9. My mother like watcing TV,so she to bed very early every evening. A does
20、n t ,go B. don t go C. doesnt goes （）10.Mr Green usually newspapers after supper every day. A. read B. reading C. reads 二. 一般过去式 . （）1.The two in the same class last year. A. are B. was C. were 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （）2.-Where you . -I went to buy some food for su
21、pper. （）3.The students in Li Leis class on a farm last week. A. work B. works C. worked （）4. that worker in a shoe factory a year ago. A. Do, work B.Did, worked C. Did, work （）5.-Did you find your pen . -Yes, I it two hours ago. A. found B. find C. finded （） 6. your mother to work last Saturday. A.
22、Did, go B. Do, go C. Does, go （）7.They not late the day before yesterday. A. did B. were C. are （） 8. they away from school last October. A. Did B. Were C. Do （）9. you to school last Sunday. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. Did, come B. Do, come C. Were, come （）10.What th
23、ey for breakfast last week. A. were, have B. did, have C. will, have （）11.My friend his homework fifteen minutes ago. A. finish B. finishes C. finished （）12.The boys only subjects last term, but this term they five. A. have, have B. had, had C. had, have （）13.Why Ann TV last night . A. didn t, watch
24、 B. dont watch C. they stopped doesnt watchhere because （）14.They the way to the station. A. didnt know B. dont know C. will know 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （）15-Where you find your ticket. -I it on the ground. A. did, found B. do, found C. were, find 三. 现在进行时 . t you
25、see Uncle Wang and his friends （） 1.Can some machines. A. is makig B. are making C.make （）2.My father TV with my mother now. A. watch B. watching C. is watching （） 3.I s six o clock in the evening, My family supper at the table. A. eats B. is eating C. are eating （）4. Lucy and Lily to speak Chinese
26、with Miss Gao. A. Is, try B. Are, trying Is trying C. （）5.The dog itself outside the door. A. is washing B. wash C. washes 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （）6.The students in Class One carefully to their English teacher. A. is listening B. is looking C. are listening （）7.Li
27、sten. The children in the open air. A. singing B. is singing C. are singing （）8.What s the matter, Li Lei. I for my pen. A. am look B. am looking C. look （） 9.Lets go into the classroom. The bell . A. ringing B. is ringing C. is ring （）10.The man is badly hurt and he on the road sadly. A. is lying B
28、. lieing 四. 一般将来时 . are lying C. 名师归纳总结 （）1.The students back in two hours. 第 14 页,共 36 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. come B. is coming C. came （）2.What you with your classmates this Sunday afternoon. A. are, do B.do, do C. will do （）3.There an English party in our class this evening. A.
29、 will have B. are going to have .C. is going to be （）4. Wei Hua visit the Great Wall during this summer holiday. A.Do, going to B. Is, going to C. Will, going to （） 5.When they leave for Beijing. A. will, going .B. will, / C. do, going to （）6.-Where are you going . -I the shops for some fruit. A. am
30、 going to B. go to C. shall going to go to 名师归纳总结 （） 7.Which oranges they 第 15 页,共 36 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - to buy. A. are, going B. will, going C.do, going （）8.My mother says that she buy me a schoolbag better than this one. A. is B. shall C. will （）9.Mr Green is afraid that Jim be
31、hind the other students after he comes back. A. will fall B. will fell C.is going to fell （）10.The students in my class harder than before this term. A. is going to study B. will going to study C. will study 现在完成时现在完成时的结构：主语 + “ havehas + 过去分词”（1）现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的,刚刚完成的动作（常与 yet ,already ,just连用）,
32、或者过去某一时刻发生的,连续到现在的情形（常与 for ,since 连用）；例如：1）I have just finished my homework. 2）Mary has been ill for three days. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 留意：与 for ,since 连用的动词必需用连续性动词,而不能用短暂性动词如： come be here go be there join be a member borrow keep leave be away 等等（2）常与现在完成时连用的时间状
33、语有：since, for, during, over等引导出的短语；副词already, yet, just, ever, now, before, often, lately, recently 等；状语词组 this week morning, month, year, so far, up to now, many times, up to the present 等；例如：1）I haven t been there for five years. 2）So far, she hasnt enjoyed the summer vacation. 3）There have been a
34、 lot of changes since 1978. 一般过去时和现在完成时的比较与转换一般过去时 : 与之搭配的时间副词常用的有:Yesterday, last week, last year, at 5:30 , last weekend, last month. 有时用 on weekend, this morning 现 在 完 成 时 : 常 用 的 时 间 副 词 有 :ever, never, yet, still, already , in the past ten years; in my life; today Examples: Linda still hasnt fi
35、nished her homework.Stanley has already gotten bored with the life here in Toronto. Have you ever gone to Paris. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I have gone to the post office twice today. 2、 过去完成时（1）表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情形,这个过去的时间可 以用 by,before 等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动
36、作之前已经完成； 表示“ 过去的过去” 例如：1）We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in. 2）By the end of last year they had turned out 5, 000 bicycles. （3）过去完成常常用于以下固定句型：1）by the end of + 例如：过去时间,主句中谓语动词用过去完成时；The experiment had been finished by 4 oclock yesterday afternoon. 八种时态的比较一般现在时和现在进行时a. 一般现在时：重复发生的习惯性动作和真理；标志性的时间副词：