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1、认真观察下列句子，总结什么是定语从句？先行词？关系词？认真观察下列句子，总结什么是定语从句？先行词？关系词？1. I want to read all books (that were written by Lu Xun) 2. She is a teacher( who is strict in her work.)3. She got a computer (which her parents bought for her.)4. The boy (whose father is a doctor) studies hard.5. I still remember the first da
2、y (when I met you in grade 7.)6. Stonehenge was a temple( where ancient leaders tried to communicate with gods.)7. We dont know the reason( why he was late for school.)在复合句中，用来修饰在复合句中，用来修饰, ,限定，解释说明主句中某一名词限定，解释说明主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。所被修饰限定解释说明的或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。所被修饰限定解释说明的名词或代词叫做先行词。能引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，名词或代词
3、叫做先行词。能引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，关系词不仅在句中起连接作用，还充当一定的成分。关系词不仅在句中起连接作用，还充当一定的成分。 关系词：关系代词（关系词：关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）和关系副词）和关系副词(when , where, why)先行词先行词关系词关系词作用作用人人that，who，whom主语，表语，宾语主语，表语，宾语物物that，which主语，表语，宾语主语，表语，宾语所有格（人，物）所有格（人，物）whose定语定语时间时间when状语状语地点地点where状语状语原因原因why状语状语关系代词关系代词 2.who2.wh
4、o指人指人, ,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语( (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.3.whom3.whom指人指人, ,作宾语作宾语 ( (作宾语可省略作宾语可省略, ,如如 介词提前则不能省介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.1.that1.that即指人也可指物即指人也可指物, ,作主语或宾
5、语作主语或宾语( (作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）I love movies that are funnyDo you know the girl (that) Mr. Wang is talking to?2关系代词关系代词 4.whose 4.whose 是代词的所有格形式是代词的所有格形式, , 它既可以它既可以代人也可以代物。代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book.Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman. Her bag was stolen.I saw
6、 a woman whose bag was stolen.5.which 5.which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 ( (作宾作宾 语可省略语可省略, ,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省) ) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you bor
7、row books? 定语从句中需注意事项定语从句中需注意事项 有些情况下只用关系词有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级形容词最高级或或序数序数词词修饰时修饰时 This is the most interesting story(that )I have ever heard. The first meeting(that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是先行词是 something, nothing, anything等等不定代词时不
8、定代词时 Here is something(that) I will tell you.3.先行词既有先行词既有人人也有也有物物时时,只能用只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行词是先行词是one of,the one, 或用或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修饰时作修饰时 Is it the one that you want ? I havent
9、got much that I can offer you. 5.当主句已有疑问词当主句已有疑问词 who或或which时，用时，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 注注: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列在指人可以通用，但下列宜用宜用 who,不用不用that 1).先行词是先行词是anyone, someone, those时，时，关系词使用关系词使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is there anyone who wan
10、ts to go there? 2).在在there be 句型中，先行词指人句型中，先行词指人,关系词关系词用用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him. 关系副词关系副词 关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样代词一样,在从句中代替先行词在从句中代替先行词,在句中在句中作状语作状语。 where:在从句中作在从句中作地点状语地点状语,指代地点指代地点. when: 在从句中作在从句中作时间状语时间状语,指代
11、时间。指代时间。 why :在从句中作在从句中作原因状语原因状语，指代原因，指代原因.I still remember the first day (when I met you in grade 7.)Stonehenge was a temple( where ancient leaders tried to communicate with gods.)We dont know the reason( why he was late for school.) 定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致。定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致。 注注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。 T
12、he woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句主句)The woman is my mother.(叙述客观事实叙述客观事实 用一般现在时用一般现在时) (从句从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中句中yesterday表示过去时间表示过去时间)把下列句子改成复合句把下列句子改成复合句1. I like music. The music is gentle.2. He is a music. He can play differe
13、nt kinds of music.3. I want to watch a movie. The movie is funny4. Do you know the man? Mr. Wang is talking to him.5. The boy is tom. His father is working on the farm.6. The supermarket is a shop. You can buy different kinds of products there.7. I met him yesterday. I was going shopping with my mom
14、.1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. thatB. who C. whom D. this2. The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. whoD. /3. The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary. A. thatB. whose C. whichD. as定语从句练习定语从句练习4. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yest
15、erday? A. the oneB. which C. who D. whom5. Is this factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday? A. the one B. that C. which D. /6. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. whichB. that C. /D. it定语从句练习定语从句练习7. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. whichB. in which C. thatD. all8. _ cleans the blackboard should be praised. A. That B. Who C. The one whoD. The students who9. Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday. A. whichB. whom C. whose D. this定语从句练习定语从句练习