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1、第一节第一节 名词名词第一部分第一部分 语法精讲精练语法精讲精练考点突破考点突破考点一考点一 可数名词及其单复可数名词及其单复数数考点二考点二 不可数名词不可数名词考点三考点三 名词所有格名词所有格目录考点突破考点突破 名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念名称的词。从名词所表示的事物的性质看，可以分为可数名词和不可数名词两类。可数名词有复数形式，不可数名词一般没有复数形式。从名词的类别看，个体名词和集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词。可数名词的单数形式一般可以用不定冠词(a，an)修饰；不可数名词一般不能用不定冠词(a，an)修饰。考点1 可数名词及其单复数Listen a
2、ttentively1.可数名词的复数形式的构成考点1 可数名词及其单复数()构成构成例词例词规则变化一般情况下，直接在名词后加-schair-chairs,boy-boys以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词后加-esclass-classes,box-boxes,watch-watches,brush-brushes以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，变y为i，再加-esbaby-babies,city-cities以f(e)结尾的词，变f(e)为v，再加-esleaf-leaves,knife-knives,shelf-shelves,life-lives不规则变化改变单数名词中的元音字母man-m
3、en,foot-feet,tooth-teeth单复数形式相同sheep-sheep,deer-deer其他形式mouse-mice,child-children,ox-oxen考点1 可数名词及其单复数Listen attentively 3.个别名词单数形式和复数形式是一样的。如:sheep，deer，fish，Chinese等。4.“某国人”变复数口诀：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面。如：ChineseChinese, JapaneseJapanese;EnglishmanEnglishmen,FrenchmanFrenchmen;AmericanAmericans,German考点1 可
4、数名词及其单复数Listen attentively 5.集体名词:表示由若干个体组成的集合体。如：family，class，team，group，army等。集体名词作主语，如视为整体，谓语动词用单数。如视为个体成员，谓语动词用复数。如:Our team needs money to play in another city.我们队需要钱去另一个城市比赛。考点1 可数名词及其单复数Listen attentively6.只能用复数形式的名词：trousers，clothes，people, police, cattle。7.由两个名词组成的复合名词常在最后一个名词变复数。如：a girl s
5、tudent two girl students an apple treefive apple trees但如果第一个名词是man或woman时，两个名词都要变复数。如：a woman teacher ten women teachersa man nurse three men nurses考点2 不可数名词Listen attentively考点2 不可数名词 ( )1. 不可数名词通常无复数形式。2在没有量词的情况下，不可数名词前不能用a、an这两个不定冠词。3.不可数名词的量不可数名词要表示“一件”、“一个”等“量”的概念时，要用“数词+表示数量的名词+of+名词”来表示。如：a p
6、iece of paper(一张纸) two pieces of paper(两张纸) 考点2 不可数名词Listen attentivelyfive cups of tea(五杯茶)a bottle of juice(一杯果汁) four bottles of juice(四杯果汁)4.某些名词，表示物质或抽象概念时是不可数的，而在表示个体概念时是可数的。如:A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是由玻璃制成的。句中的第一个glass是玻璃杯，是个体名词，是可数的。第二个glass意思是玻璃，是物质名词，就是不可数的了。 再如:paper(纸)不可数，a paper(报纸，
7、论文，试卷)可数。考点3 名词所有格Listen attentively考点3 名词所有格( ) 名词所有格用来表示名词和名词之间的所属关系。 1.表示有生命名词的所有格，单数形式是加s，复数形式加s。如:students rooms，fathers shoes。 2.表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格用s。如:a twenty minutes walk，ten miles journey，two pounds weight，ten dollars worth。 考点3 名词所有格Listen attentively 3.无生命名词的所有格则用of结构。如:a map
8、of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country。 4.表示共同所有的名词，只需在最后一个名词后加s。如：Tom and Mikes room表示汤姆和迈克共有的一间房。 表示分别所有的名词，需在每个名词后都加s。如：Marys and Jennys bikes表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车。考点3 名词所有格Listen attentively5.双重所有格a friend of my mothers我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Toms汤姆的一张图片6.表示商铺、某人的家、诊所或餐馆等的名词所有格，其后的名词可以省略
9、。如：at my uncles在我叔叔的家里at the doctors在医生的诊所里考点3 名词所有格Listen attentively巧学妙记名词所有格，某物是“谁的”。构成有方法，多数把s加。复数词尾有s，只加“”即可。名词无生命，常把of用。时间、地点和距离，所有格多用s。 ( )1.(导学号 44372000)(2016四川广安)Have you heard of Lin Zexu and Zhan Tianyou?Of course.They are our national _.A.hero B.heros C.heroes D.heros( )2.(导学号 44372001)
10、(2016云南昆明)Each couple in China can have two _from January 1st，2016.A.boy B.girl C.children D.child CC( )3.(导学号 44372002)(2016广西南宁)These _ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening.A.man B.men C.woman D.women( )4.(导学号 44372003)(2016四川绵阳)Do you want to be healthy? _ can help you stay healthy
11、.A.Smile B.Smiling C.Smiles D.SmiledDA( )5.(导学号 44372004)(2016湖北荆州)Can you tell me some_ about the Brazil Olympic Games? OK.Let me help you search the Internet.A.service B.informationC.discussion D.success( )6.(导学号 44372005)(2016新疆)This is _ bedroom.Its tidy and nice.A.Lilys and Lucys B.Lily and Luc
12、ys C.Lilys and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy BB( )7.(导学号 44372006)(2016山东东营)Are you sure this is a photo _, the famous comedy actress?It surprised you, didnt it? But she was once really thin.A.Jia Ling B.Jia Lings C.of Jia Ling D.of Jia Lings( )8.(导学号 44372007)(2016重庆)Its sports time.Most _ students in Class
13、 1 are playing football on the playground.A.boy B.boys C.boys D.boysCA( )9.(导学号 44372008)(2016贵州安顺)Therell be a _ meeting next week，and my parents will _come for it. A.parents；all B.parents；bothC.parents；all D.parents；both ( )10.(导学号 44372009)(2016甘肃天水)Its about _ from our school to my house.A.20 mi
14、nutes walk B.20 minutes walkC.walk of 20 minutes D.20 minutes walksBA( )11.(导学号 44372010)(2016安徽)Cathy has such a good _ that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year.A.sleep B.idea C.voice D.time( )12.(导学号 44372011)(2016山东东营)Why do people never cut up the _ on their birthdays?Because t
15、hey are a symbol of long life.A.eggs B.cakes C.noodles D.dumplingsCC( )13.(导学号 44372012)(2016湖北襄阳)Look! So many colorful bicycles in two lines over there.Theyre for public.This _ of green smart traffic is everywhere in Xiangyang City.A.number B.pair C.kind D.piece( )14.(导学号 44372013)(2016重庆)Its hot
16、today.Have some _, please.No, thanks.Im not thirsty at all.A.water B.potatoes C.bread D.cakesCA( )15.(导学号 44372014)(2016江苏苏州)Steve Jobs was full of _always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.A.instruction B.invitation C.introduction D.invention( )16.(导学号 44372015)(2016天津)
17、Every year many foreign friends come to see the _of Tianjin, such as Tianjin Eye and Haihe River.A.concerts B.plays C.cartoons D.sightsDD( )17.(导学号 44372016)(2016山东泰安)What do you prefer for lunch, darling?Id like _ such as tomatoes, carrots or cabbages.A.meat B.eggs C.vegetables D.fruit( )18.(导学号 44
18、372017)(2016四川绵阳)He was born in Germany,but he has made China his _.A.Family B.address C.house D.homeCD( )19.(导学号 44372018)(2016湖北孝感)Mom, I will eat less fast food this year, believe me.If you make a _, you must keep it.A.joke B.noise C.mistake D.promise( )20.(导学号 44372019)(2016广西来宾)There are many_a
19、bout this farm.Yes, lots of _ are planted on it.A.photo;potato B.photos;potatosC.photos;potatoes D.photoes;potatoesDC中考模拟演练中考模拟演练( )1.(导学号 44372020) Would you like some _ for dinner?OK.A.tomatos B.tomato C.tomatoes D.Potatos( )2.(导学号 44372021)You are supposed to be more careful to make fewer _ while
20、 you are writing.A.trouble B.matter C.mistakes D.problemsCC ( )3.(导学号 44372022)Health is important for us teenagers, so we should eat more vegetables such as _ to keep healthy.A.tomatoes and potatoesB.tomatos and potatosC.tomatos and potatoesD.tomato and potato( )4.(导学号 44372023)Lily, could you plea
21、se pass me the _? I want to cut the apple.Sure, here you are.A.pen B.pencil C.book D.knifeAD( )5.(导学号 44372024) In this test, were asked to write a passage of about _.A.80-words B.80-wordC.80 words D.80 words( )6.(导学号 44372025) There are some _ in Dayton Art Museum.For example, no food or drink is a
22、llowed inside.A.jobs B.records C.rules D.paintingsCC( )7.(导学号 44372026)There was a food accident in this primary school.About 60 _ were ill,but no _ were lost.A.child;lives B.children;lifeC.children;lives D.child;life( )8.(导学号 44372027)Paper-making is _ of ancient China.A.one of greatest inventorB.o
23、ne of the greatest inventorsC.one of greatest inventionD.one of the greatest inventionsCD( )9.(导学号 44372028)_ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _ teachers.A.A number of;womenB.A number of; womanC.The number of;womenD.The number of;woman( )10.(导学号 44372029)I hear yo
24、u are not allowed to eat in class.Right.Its one of the _ in our school.A.plans B.orders C.rules D.suggestionsCC( )11.(导学号 44372030)I paid￥10 for _ this morning.A.4 bottle milks B.4 bottles of milkC.4 bottles of milks D.4 milk( )12.(导学号 44372031)Im hungry. May I have something to eat?OK. Heres some _
25、.A.orange B.bread C.water D.milkBB( )13.(导学号 44372032) Could you give me some _?I tried several times but failed.A.notice B.suggestion C.advice D.warm( )14.After P.E., I often feel very thirsty. Why not buy some _ to drink?A.bread B.noodles C.apple juice D.teasCC( )15.(导学号 44372033) Yesterday for di
26、nner I had a piece of beef, vegetables and _.A.some rice B.a few riceC.a little rices D.a rice( )16.(导学号 44372034)Mum, I am hungry.May I have some_?Of course.But dont eat too much.A.bread B.noodle C.dumpling D.hamburgerAA( )17.(导学号 44372035)How many _are there on the table?Only two.A.glasses of oran
27、ge B.glasses of orangesC.glass of orange D.glass of oranges( )18.(导学号 44372036)Im very thirsty now.Would you like some _?A.tea B.fish C.noodles D.potatoesAA( )19.(导学号 44372037) _ are planning to go on vacation.A.Blacks B.A BlacksC.The Blacks D.The Blacks( )20.(导学号 44372038) _ mothers cant go to the parents meeting because they are too busy.A.Jacks and Paul B.Jacks and PaulsC.Jack and Pauls D.Jack and PaulDB谢谢观看！