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1、Part Five: 任务型阅读 任务型阅读答题技巧：一、看图表Read：利用图表结构和内容帮助理解短文，把握短文的主题思想和理清短文的主体结构。二、读文章Scan& 找细节Find：通读、细读和复读文章，分析、理顺表格线索，寻找确定答案的关键词语。三、填单词Fill：书写工整、语言标准，注意同一级栏目下词形的一致性以及字母的大小写等。掌握常用的概括性的词汇局部：definition, introduction , theme , conclusion , evaluation , comparison , reason, cause , result, effect, consequence
2、 , advice, suggestion, tip, measure, solution, way (to do/of doing)，approach (to sth. 或doing) , feature, characteristic , benefit, advantage, disadvantage , differences, similarities , types, kinds, purpose ,aim , etc.注意表达的切换及词汇的变形,如：belong to the cluba member / one of the members of the club;object
3、 to-was opposed to-opposein opposition to; cant be accepted-is unacceptable; miss our homeland and family-homesick; be addicted to-be hooked on; didnt respond to.=made no response to =said nothing in response to.;accompany sb.=keep sb. company; accuse of=charge with.cant (help/ choose) but do=have n
4、o alternative / choice but to doapply to.=make an application to; an approach to doing.= a way to do / of doingapprove of= subscribe to=in favor of= supportbe beneficial to=be of benefit to = benefit.; be determined to do= be bent on doing.go aboard.= go on board.= board.; be bored with=be tired of=
5、be fed up withdo sth. with caution = do sth. cautiously; do sth. with enthusiasm=do sth. enthusiasticallyIts likely that=The chance is that / Chances are that=There is a chance (are chances ) that=Theres possibility /probability thatcompared to / with=in comparison with; compensate for=make up forco
6、ngratulate sb. on sth.= show / express congratulations to sb. on sth.as a result=in consequence; consist of=be made up of=be composed ofagree with=correspond with/ to=be consistent with; deserve to be praised =deserve praising tell the difference between.and=tell/distinguish. from = tell.apart .=mak
7、e the distinction between.anddivorce sb.=got divorced from sb.; face sth=be faced with sth.do good to=be good for. ; be merciful to=have mercy on=show mercy tohave prejudice against=be prejudiced against ; like sth. better=prefer sth.=have a preference fora little=slightly; thank sb. = be grateful t
8、o sb.; draw near=around the cornerdont know.=have no idea / knowledge of.; get on ones knees=kneel downbe discovered=come to light; occur to sb=strike sb.; get over difficulties=overcome difficultiesparticipate in=join in = take part in; improve=polish up ; delay=put off =postpone; take pride in=be
9、proud of ; deliberately=on purpose=by design; turn ones dream into reality=realize ones dream ; reflect on=think about; look like sb.=resemble sb.; be protected by=under the umbrella ofmake a summary of.=summarize ; be superior to=be better than ; He died three years ahead of his wife.=He survived h
10、is wife by 3 years.ones cup of tea=to ones taste; tend to do=have a tendency to do.be tired=be worn out; be worth doing =be worthy of being done / to be done= doing sth. is worthwhile动词转化成名词，表示人的名词常加er,有时加or,如：survivor, creator, calculator investor, investigator, instructor, visitor, negotiator, ins
11、pector, educator, operator , communicator等； 前缀：unequal / inequality; improper; inappropriate; insufficient; dishonest(y); uncomfortable; discomfort; un(dis)satisfied; dissatisfaction等。 任务型阅读经典习题：请认真阅读以下短文，并根据短文的内容要点完成文章后的表格。注意：补全填空应符合语法和搭配要求，每空只填一个单词。AWhen it comes to the world of computers, green c
12、omputing is becoming one of the most popular trends. But, what is exactly green computing? The term “green computing is one that is being used in many different markets and areas all over the world in todays global technology. Yet, many computer users out there arent sure what it means. Green comput
13、ing is actually pretty easy to explain and to do-it is basically learning to use computer resources more efficiently to help the environment as well as making energy savings. The main goal of a green computing program is to reduce the use of energy and materials that harm the environment. Green comp
14、uting helps to promote the use of biodegradable products and recycle computer parts whenever possible Green computing started as early as 1992, when the EPA created Energy Star, which is a voluntary labeling program that promotes energy-efficient computing equipment and technologies It was because o
15、f this program that many computer manufacturers launched sleep mode and millions of computer users around the world began to adopt this policy to help save energy when they were not using their computers. The term “green computing began to be used around the same time as well, and began to become a
16、goal that more companies strive to meet over the years. There are several government agencies that have continued to help strive for better standards for computers and companies to help promote green promoting. Energy Star was actually revised in the October of to make the requirements stricter for
17、computer, and also implemented a ranking system for products. Because of these new requirements, there are over 20 states that have now established a special recycling program for old computers and electronics to help with green computing. Many of todays IT systems are beginning to rely on both peop
18、le and hardware to help push their computer systems toward a more green computing system to help both the company and others. This is a hard balance to achieve, as it has to satisfy users, management, and regulatory compliance顺从. Even the disposal of computer waste is all managed so that everyone in
19、 the circle is happy with the outcome. Many companies are learning the best ways that they can go greener when it comes to their computing and also help their business in the process. While many home computer users may not be quite as familiar with green computing as large firms, this term is starti
20、ng to become more mainstream all around the world and the requirements for new, better computers to help both the companies and the end users of the equipment, as well as our environment, are becoming more and more urgent Green computing_1_Learning to make _2_use of computer resources so as to save
21、energy and protect the environment. Main goal To reduce the use of energy and materials that are _3_ to the environment. _4_In 1992 the EPA created Energy Star program, _5_ energy efficient computing equipment and technologies.Then many computer manufacturers launched sleep mode and many computer us
22、ers _6_the policy to save energy.The requirements for computers were _7_ stricter after Energy Star was raised in Oct. and also a ranking system for products was implemented . At _8_ , over 20 states have established a special recycling program for old computers and electronics.Present situationGree
23、n computing requires the _9_ of users, management, and regulatory compliance.Green computing is becoming more mainstream _10_. New, better computers will help both companies and users, and protect the environment. BSome people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society
24、, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community, then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosi
25、ty in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned. Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greed and selfishness go per
26、fectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences. In spite of com
27、mon practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the pa
28、st lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts. Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer, either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the oppo
29、site. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship. In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should e
30、ncourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others. Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?Main comparisonsContexts_1_ are changingIn the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first _2_.Nowadays, people see
31、m to be more _3_about themselves._4_are changing too.People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的).People may strive to achieve their own _5_ at the price of their coworkers.The authors understanding_6_ for the changes in authors eyesFierce _7_ and great _8_on modern people may be
32、responsible for the changes.The authors _9_towards topicA relationship which can _10_ two sides should be established. CYour boss tells you that you did a bad job. Your coworker criticizes you in front of your whole team. Ouch! Its not easy to take criticism, no matter who it comes from. But, it is
33、easy to soften the blow when you offer criticism to someone in English. Merely by altering your wording and your attitude, you can help someone grow as opposed to making them feel defeated. Phrases like Youre wrong! and Your presentation was terrible! have no place in effective criticism. In fact, i
34、ts best to leave the word you out, if at all possible. Personal attacks make people feel defensive, and then they wont really listen to anything you have to say. Before starting with the criticism, warm the person up with compliments(恭维). If you are discussing their work, find several things you tru
35、ly like about what they have done. For example, I enjoyed your presentation today. You presented a lot of good and helpful information in it, and I can tell you put a lot of effort into it. I appreciate your hard work. This will lower their defenses and make them feel appreciated. However, a short,
36、vague compliment followed by “but such as It was a helpful talk, but you really need to improve your presentation skills wont do much to help the process. After youve shared your compliments, allow them time to be absorbed. Immediately following your compliment with a but will destroy all youve trie
37、d to accomplish by making your praise seem false and insincere. Remember that the goal of constructive criticism isnt to make the person feel terrible; its to help them grow. Instead of directly accusing the person, try to get the message through to them in the form of light-hearted advice. Phrases
38、like, Next time you might want to ? or I find it helpful to ? can take away the blame while still leaving an impact: Next time you might want to give a little more attention to the audience. I find it helpful to look people in the eyes while I am speaking. People cant change overnight, especially if
39、 they dont get detailed direction. Simply saying you need to work on your presentation skills wont help a soul! Be detailed in your advice, and dont overload anyone with criticism. Remember, you want them to keep trying and improving. Dont leave them feeling defeated!Title :How to give _1_without of
40、fending anyone in EnglishGoalHelp the person _2_TipsDos Results _3_directly accusing the person. Leave the word you out, if at all possible.The person will listen to whatever you have to say.Soften with complimentsWarm the person up with compliments before starting with the criticism.The persons def
41、enses will be lowered and he will feel appreciated.Dont_4_with but immediately.Give the person some time to _5_ your compliments after youve shared them.It will make your praise _6_and sincereAdvise with advice.Try to _7_the message to the person in the form of light-hearted advice rather than _8_ac
42、cusations.It will take away the blame while still leaving an impact.Stay specific.Be detailed in your advice, and dont heavily _9_anyone.It will make him keep trying and improving with _10_.任务型阅读解析：A:1. Definition第二段段意归纳2. better第二段第四行use . more efficiently 3. harmful第二段第六行 harm =be harmful to 4. De
43、velopment/History第三、四段段意归纳5. promoting第三段第二行. that promotes.定语从句转化成分词短语6. adopted第四段第二行began to adopt7. made第四段倒数第四行to make the requirements stricter8. present第四段倒数第二行now 9. satisfaction第五段第三行as it has to satisfy users10. globally/worldwide第五段倒数第三行become more mainstream all around the worldB 1.Value
44、s 第二段第一行many values are undergoing major changes2. place 第二段第一行While people traditionally prioritize重点考虑，给优先权 caring, sharing and generosity in life and work3. concerned 第二段第三行more self-absorbed and self-concerned.4. Behaviors 第三段第一行Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of lif
45、e5. goals 第三段第第三行In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues.7. competition 第三段第一行Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life8. pressure 第四段第四行faced less pressure和第六段第二行strong outside pressure9. attitud
46、es 第五段I personally think 和第六段In conclusion10. benefit 第五段第四行encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship第六段最后一行to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.C:1. criticism 第一节第三行offer criticism = give criticism。此题容易，能在文章中找到。2. grow 第一节最后一行。此题容易，能在文章中找到。3. Avoid 由第二节第一行ha
47、ve no place in.可知用avoid,应防止这样做。此题根据意思去转换表达，较难。4. continue / follow 第四节第一行可知。此题要进行主被动转换。5. absorb 第四节第三行要改变语态。此题要进行语态转换。6. true 第四节最后一行 false and insincere的相反为true and sincere。此题为反义词转换表达。7. convey 第五节第二行get the message through to them=convey the message to them。此题为同义词语转换表达。8. direct 第五节第二行 instead of directly accusing the person可知。此题为词性转换。9. criticize 最后一节倒数第二行 dont overload anyone with criticism =dont heavily criticize anyone 此题