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1、人教版初中英语八年级上人教版初中英语八年级上 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?第一单元主要点:第一单元主要点:复习一般过去时复习一般过去时复合不定代词的用法复合不定代词的用法反身代词的用法反身代词的用法系动词的用法系动词的用法动词后的动词后的to do和和doing 的区别的区别ed形容词和形容词和ing形容词的区别形容词的区别“近义词近义词”的区别的区别本单元中的主谓一致现象本单元中的主谓一致现象动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。的培养。感
2、叹句的结构和连词的选择。感叹句的结构和连词的选择。1、go on vacation去度假去度假 ,2、 stay at home 呆在家,呆在家, 3、go to the mountains 上山上山/进山进山 ,4、 go to the beach到海边去,到海边去,5、visit museums 参观博物馆,参观博物馆,6、go to summer camp 去夏令营,去夏令营,7、 quite a few 相当多,相当多, 8、study for为为学习,学习,9、go out 出去,出去,10、most of the time 大部分时间大部分时间/绝大多数时间,绝大多数时间,11、t
3、aste good 尝起来味道好,尝起来味道好,12、have a good time玩的开心,玩的开心,13、of course当然可以,当然可以, 14、feel like感觉像感觉像/想要想要,15、 go shopping购物,购物,16、in the past 在过去,在过去,17、walk around绕绕走,走,18、too many 太多(可数名太多(可数名词前面),词前面),19、because of 因为,因为, 20、one bowl of 一碗一碗,21、find out 查出来查出来/发现发现 ,22、go on继续,继续,23、take photos 照相,照相,
4、24、something important重重要的事情,要的事情, 25、up and down上上下下,上上下下, 26、come up出来出来 一、词组、短语一、词组、短语二、重要句子(语法):二、重要句子(语法):Where did you go on vacation?你到哪里去度假了?你到哪里去度假了?I went to New York City.我去了纽约城我去了纽约城Did you go out with anyone? 你出去带人吗?你出去带人吗? No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.不,没有人在这儿不,没有人在这儿大
5、家度去度假了。大家度去度假了。Did you buy anything special?你买了什么特别的东西吗?你买了什么特别的东西吗? Yes, I bought something for my father.对,我给父亲买了一些东西。对,我给父亲买了一些东西。How was the food? 食物怎么样?食物怎么样? Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。每一样东西真的都好吃。Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的开心吗?大家玩的开心吗? Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.对,一
6、切都很精彩。对,一切都很精彩。三、习惯用法、搭配三、习惯用法、搭配1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来尝起来3. nothing .but + V.(原形原形) 除了除了之外什么都没有之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方大地方 / arrive at + 小地方小地方 到达某地到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事尝试做某事 / try to d
7、o sth. 尽力做某事尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事开始做某事 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事停止做某事12. look + adj 看起来看起来 13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事不喜欢做某事14. Why not do sth. 为什么不做为什么不做.呢?呢? 15. so + adj + that + 从句从句 如此如此以至于以至于16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告
8、诉某人(不要)告诉某人(不要) 做某事做某事 17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事继续做某事/一直做某事一直做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事忘记做过某事1 1)something,anything,nothing,everything是指物的不定代词。是指物的不定代词。 somebody somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,everybody, everyone是指人的不定代词。是指人的不定代词。somewheresomewhere,anywhe
9、re,nowhere,everywhere是指地点的不定副是指地点的不定副词。词。2 2)当形容词修饰不定代词当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词、不定副词时,放时,放于其于其后后; something special; somewhere wonderful.3 3)不定代词、不定副词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。不定代词、不定副词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:如: Is Is everybody here? everybody here? 大家都到齐了吗?大家都到齐了吗?4 4)something,somebody,someone,somewhere用于用于肯定句肯定句及及表表示请求
10、或建议的疑问句示请求或建议的疑问句中,而中,而anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere用于用于否定句、疑问句否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如:及条件状语从句中。如:Did you do Did you do anythinganything interesting? interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗?(表你做了有趣的事吗?(表疑问)疑问)Why donWhy dont you visit t you visit someone someone with me? with me? 你为什么不跟我一起你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢?(表建议)去拜访下某个人呢
11、?(表建议) If anything happens, please tell me. 如果有事情发生,请告诉我。如果有事情发生,请告诉我。四、词语辨析:四、词语辨析:辨析:辨析:1. get to/reach/arrive 都是都是“到达到达“的意思的意思get to+地点地点=reach+地点地点= arrive at+地点(小)地点(小)=arrive in+地点地点(大)(大)注意:若他们后面要加地点副词注意:若他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等,则不需要等,则不需要加介词。加介词。2. nothing.but do sth.意为意为“除除.之外;之外; 只有只有
12、”,如:,如:I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看电我整天除了看电视什么也没干。视什么也没干。 3. feel like 意为:意为:“感受到;摸起来感受到;摸起来”,后跟宾语从句或名词。,后跟宾语从句或名词。如:如:I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。我感觉我是一只鸟。 It feels like a stone. 它摸起来像一块石头。它摸起来像一块石头。另外,构成短语另外,构成短语 feel like doing sth.意为意为“想做某事想做某事”。如:。如:I feel like
13、eating.我想吃东西。我想吃东西。 4. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做喜欢做;乐意做乐意做 enjoy oneself 过得愉快过得愉快 =have fun/have a good time.注:地点副词注:地点副词home,here,there前介词省略)前介词省略)5.I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的生活是什么样的 (n): 奇迹;令人惊讶的事情奇迹;令人惊讶的事情 如:如:No wonder! 难怪;不足为奇!难怪;不足为奇! (v) 惊讶惊讶 如:如:wond
14、er at sth. ; wonder to do sth. 感到疑惑;想知道感到疑惑;想知道 如:如:I wonder where they are going.6.few与与little 的区别:的区别: 肯定肯定否定否定许多许多 可数可数a fewfewquite a few/not a few不可数不可数a littlelittlequite a little/ not a little:quite a few与与quite a little quite a few 意为意为“很多很多;不少不少”,修饰可数,修饰可数名词复数;名词复数;quite a little 意为意为“很多很多;
15、不少不少”,修饰不可数,修饰不可数名词。名词。a. He stays here for _ _ _days. b.There is _ _ _water in the bottle(瓶子瓶子).辨析辨析7. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。仍然没有人感到烦闷。1)seem意为意为“好像;似乎;看来好像;似乎;看来”,是个连系动词,构成的短语有:,是个连系动词,构成的短语有: seem to do sth. 好像做某事好像做某事 如:如: They seem to wait for you. 他们似乎在等你。他们似乎在等你。 seem(to
16、be)+adj. 似乎似乎. 如:如:He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday.昨天他似乎病了。昨天他似乎病了。 It seems that + 从句从句 似乎似乎. 如:如: It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。昨天他似乎病了。其他其他的系动词有:的系动词有:be ; feel(觉得)觉得); keep(保持)(保持); stay(保持)(保持);look(看来(看来.);smell(闻起来)(闻起来)sound(听起来(听起来)taste(尝起来(尝起来) 2) bored (adj),意为,意为“感到厌倦的、无聊
17、的感到厌倦的、无聊的”,其主语是某人;其主语是某人; boring(adj),意为,意为“令人厌倦的、无聊的令人厌倦的、无聊的”其主语是某物。其主语是某物。 如:如: I got bored with the boring work. 我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。相类似的词语还有:相类似的词语还有: interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprised interesting/ tiring/ exciting/ amazing/surprising辨析:辨析:bring与与take bring意为意为“带来;拿来带来;拿来”, 指从
18、别处带到说话者所在地指从别处带到说话者所在地。take意为意为“拿走;带走拿走;带走”, 指从说话者所在地带到别处去。指从说话者所在地带到别处去。8. decide(v)决定)决定 decide to (not) do sth. = make a decision (not) to do sth. decision(n) decide on doing sth. 决定做某事决定做某事如:如:Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。李雷已经决定去北京。9. Because of the bad weather, we couldnt see
19、 anything below. 1) because of + 名词名词/代词代词/名短名短 I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因为工作的原因因 because +从句从句 如:如:I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢我做这件事是因为我喜欢2)below意为意为“在在.下面下面;低于低于”,其反义词为,其反义词为 above,意为,意为“在在.上面;高于上面;高于” 10.enough 1) 形容词形容词/副词副词enough 如:如:wet/quietly enough足够漂亮足够漂亮 enough 名词如
20、:名词如:enough umbrellas 足够足够的雨伞的雨伞2) (形形/副副)enough+ (名名) to do sth. 足够足够去做去做 如:如:I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。我有足够的钱去北京。 She is not old enough to go to school. 她年龄不够,不能她年龄不够,不能去去上学上学。 同义句:同义句: She is too young to go to school. (too to :太太 而不能而不能) She is so young that she cant go to
21、school. most of the time意为意为“大部分时间大部分时间”,其中,其中most为代词,意为为代词,意为“大部分;大多大部分;大多数数”。拓展拓展most of意为意为“中的大多数中的大多数”,它作主语时,谓语动词取决于它作主语时,谓语动词取决于most of后所修饰的名词。后所修饰的名词。a. Most of us_(be)going to the park. 我们大多数人要去公园。我们大多数人要去公园。b. Most of the food_(go)bad. 大部分的食物都变质了。大部分的食物都变质了。11. most so+形形/副副+that 从句从句:She is
22、 so popular that everyone likes her. such+名短名短+ that 从句从句:She is such a popular girl that everyone likes her.11.如此如此以致于(结果)以致于(结果)12. so that 从句:以便(目的)从句:以便(目的)如:如:He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus.13.My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. 我的同学告诉我坚持往前我的同学告诉我坚持往前走,因此我便继续
23、前走,因此我便继续前进了(进了(P8)1)tell sb. (not)to do sth. 意为意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事。告诉某人(不要)做某事。 The teacher _ _ _ _ the window just now. 老师老师刚才刚才告诉告诉我们擦窗户。我们擦窗户。2)keep doing sth. 意为意为“继续做某事,一直做某事继续做某事,一直做某事”。She_ _ TV for two hours last night. 昨晚她昨晚她持续持续看了两个小时的电视。看了两个小时的电视。 .My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.
24、 我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来。(来。(P8)1). He is _lovely a boy_we love him very much.2). The little boy is _ young that he cant go to school. 常用的感叹句的结构:常用的感叹句的结构:1)What +adj.+ 复数名词复数名词 / 不可数名词不可数名词+主语主语+谓语!谓语! 2)What +a/an+adj.+可数名词单数可数名词单数+主语主语+谓语!谓语!3)How +adj. +a/an+可数名词单数可数名词单数+主语主语+谓语!谓语! 4)Ho
25、w+adj./adv. +主语主语+谓语!谓语! eg: 1.What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! 那本书多么有趣啊!那本书多么有趣啊! 2._a clever girl she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where3. _clever a girl she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where4._important jobs they did! A.What B.Who C.How D.Where5._sweet water it is! A.Who B.Wh
26、at C.Where D. How6._interesting the dog is! A.Who B.What C. Where D. How14What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异多大啊!一天的差异多大啊!建议的句建议的句式式: What/ how about +doing sth.? 如:如:What/ How about going Why dont you + do sth.? 如:如:Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如:如:Why not go shopping? Lets + do s
27、th. 如:如: Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如:如:Shall we/ I go shopping?应答语应答语:接受:接受:Certainly,Sure, /Yes, Id love to. Why not? Good idea! /Sure! OK!/ All right! Great!/Thats great./Sounds great.拒绝:拒绝:Id love to.But. Im sorry. Im afraid not . Im afraid I cant . Sorry,I cant .15.15.反身代词反身代词:myse
28、lf , ourselves, yourself , yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves. . 作动词或介词的宾语:经常在作动词或介词的宾语:经常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, dress, killkill等动词和等动词和by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语。一年主考宾语等介词后作宾语。一年主考宾语回自身回自身He is teaching himimself English.她在自学英语。她在自学英语。She was talking to herself.她自言自语。她自言自语。H
29、e lives by himself in the country.他独自住在乡下。他独自住在乡下。1) Help yourself! 请随便吃吧!请随便吃吧!/请自己去取吧请自己去取吧!2) Make yourself at home! 别客气!别客气!3) m3) make yourself heard /understood. 使你的话被人听得见使你的话被人听得见/理解理解4) teach oneself 4) teach oneself 自学自学=learn by oneself5) by oneself 5) by oneself 独自独自6) for oneself 6) for
30、oneself 为自己;替自己为自己;替自己7) enjoy oneself 7) enjoy oneself 玩的愉快玩的愉快8) dress oneself 8) dress oneself 给自己穿衣给自己穿衣16We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多,所以我们等了一个因为人太多,所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。(多小时的火车。(P5)1)wait for意为意为“等候等候”,其后可接人或物。,其后可接人或物。Tom was waiting for a bus over t
31、here.2)over介词,意为介词,意为“多于;超过多于;超过” ,相当于,相当于more than。Eg : My father is over 40 years old. There are over eight hundred students in our school. 3) too many意为意为“太多太多”,其后接可数名词复数。,其后接可数名词复数。 He always has too many questions to ask me.辨析:辨析:too many + 可数名词复数可数名词复数 意为意为“太多太多. ”too much + 不可数名词不可数名词 意为意为“太多太多. ”much too + 形容词形容词 意为意为“太太. ”eg:I have homework to do today.