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1、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 年 12 月高校英语四级真题及答案（1）Part I Writing 30 minutes Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 wor
2、ds. Part II Listening Comprehension 25 minutes Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose th
3、e best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Questions 1 and 2 are based on t
4、he news report you have just heard. 1. A Her grandfather. B Her grandmother. C Her friend Erika. D Her little brother. 2. A By taking pictures for passers-by. B By selling lemonade and pictures. C By working part time at a hospital. D By asking for help on social media. Questions 3 and 4 are based o
5、n the news report you have just heard. 3. A Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. B Providing clean energy to five million people. C Generating electric power for passing vehicles. D Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. 4. A They are made from cheap materials. B They are only about
6、 half an inch thick. C They can be laid right on top of existing highways. D They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - -
7、 - - - - - - - -5. A The lack of clues about the species. B Inadequate funding for research. C Endless fighting in the region. D The hazards from the desert. 6. A To observe the wildlife in the two national parks. B To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia. C To identify the reasons for t
8、he lions disappearance. D To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions” . 7. A Lions tracks. B Lions walking. C Some camping facilities. D Traps set by local hunters. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear f
9、our questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are ba
10、sed on the conversation you have just heard. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8. A A special gift from the man. B Her wedding anniversary. C A call from her dad. D Her lucky birthday . 9. A Threw her a surprise part
11、y. B Took her on a trip overseas. C Bought her a good necklace. D Gave her a big model plane. 10. A What her husband and the man are up to. B What has been troubling her husband. C The trip her husband has planned. D The gift her husband has bought. 11. A He wants to find out about the couple s holi
12、day plan. B He is eager to learn how the couples holiday turns out. C He will tell the women the secret if her husband agrees. D He will be glad to be a guide for the couples holiday trip. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 12. A They take the rivals attitude into
13、account. B They know when to adopt a tough attitude. C They see the importance of making compromises. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -D They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation. 13. A They know when to s
14、top. B They know how to adapt. C They know when to make compromises. D They know how to control their emotion. 14. A They are patient. B They learn quickly. C They are good at expression. D They uphold their principles. 15. A Clarify items of negotiation. B Make clear ones intentions. C Get to know
15、the other side. D Formulate one s strategy. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer
16、from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage yo
17、u have just heard. 16. A How space research benefits people on Earth. B When the International Space Station was built. C How many space shuttle missions there will be. D When America s earliest space program started. 17. A They tried to make best use of the latest technology. B They tried to meet a
18、stronauts specific requirements. C They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space. D They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles. 18. A They are expensive to make. B They are extremely accurate. C They were first made in space. D They were invented in the 1970s. Questi
19、ons 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. A Everything was natural and genuine then. B People had plenty of land to cultivate then. C It marked the beginning of something new. D It was when her ancestors came to America. 20. A They were known to be creative. B They enjoyed livin
20、g a life of ease. C They had all kinds of entertainment. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -D They believed in working for goals. 21. A Chatting with her ancestors. B Doing needlework by the fire. C Furnishing her cou
21、ntry house. D Polishing all the silver work. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 22. A Sit down and try to calm yourself. B Call your family or friends for help. C Use a map to identify your location. D Try to follow your footprints back. 23. A You may end up entering a
22、wonderland. B You may get drowned in a sudden flood. C You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers. D You may find a way out without your knowing it. 24. A Walk uphill. B Look for food. C Start a fire. D Wait patiently. 25. A Check the local weather. B Find a map and a compass. C Prepare enough fo
23、od and drink. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -D Inform somebody of your plan. Part Reading Comprehension 40 minutes Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to sel
24、ect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line thr
25、ough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases. Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27
26、 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29 memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans a
27、t detecting breast cancer in images. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed animal is highly 32 . Inside a rats nose are up to 1,000 differe
28、nt types of olfactory receptors 嗅觉感受器 , whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect 33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB 肺结核 . When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected. Traditionally,
29、a hundred samples would take lab technicians more 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This than two days to rat detection method doesn t rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accuratethe rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives. A associated B ex
30、amine C indicate D nuisance E peak F preventing G prohibiting H sensitive I slight J specify K superior L suspicious M tip N treated Ovisual Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of
31、the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions
32、by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder. Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search for answers. A I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college
33、to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply the verbal answer while I am still processing the question. B Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kind are the
34、most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issues take-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was sti
35、ll rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it mildly. C As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material and guessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 页,共 25 页 - - - - -
36、- - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -among students and professors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups. “That way they socialize o
37、ver history outside the class, which wouldn t happen without the pressure of an in-class exam,” he explained, “Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure, an essential work skill.”D He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 202
38、2, 125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandal when it was discovered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled “Introduction To Congress.” Some colleges have what they call an “honor code,” though if you are smart enough to get into these schools, you are either smart enough
39、 to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat blocked and clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldnt just call an expert on the subject matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me going. E Following the Ha
40、rvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her schools professors to refrain from take-hone exams. “Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offers take-home exams without clear, time-limit
41、ed boundaries,” she told me. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -“Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, and other assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and retention.”F Most co
42、llege professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help. Vocational-type classes, such as computer science or journalism, on the other hand, ar
43、e often more research-oriented and lend themselves to take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaches “History of Broadcast Journalism” at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland, points out that reporting is about investigation rather than the memorization of minute details. “In my field, it
44、 s not what you knowit s what you know how to find out, ” says Koch. “There is way too much information, and more coming all the time, for anyone to remember. I want my students to search out the answers to questions by using all the resources available to them.”G Students test-form preferences vary
45、, too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty. “ I prefer take-home essays because it is then really about the writing, so you have time to edit and do more research,”says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, “I find the in-class ones are more stressful in the short term, but there is immediate relief as you 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 12 页,共 25 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -swallow information like mad, and then you