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1、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 年 6 月高校英语四级真题及答案完整版（卷三）Part I Writing【题干】 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood. You shou
2、ld write at least 120 words but no more than180 words. Part Reading Section ASection A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefu
3、lly before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Just because they cant sing opera or ride a bicy
4、cle doesnt mean that animals dont have culture. Theres no better example of this 第 1 页,共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - than killer whales. As one of the most_27predators食肉动物 ,k细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -iller whales may not fit the_28 of a cultured
5、 creature. However,these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly_29behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development. The word culture comes from the Latin colere, which_30means to cultivate .In other words, it refers to anything that is_31or learnt, rather than instinctive o
6、r natural. Among human populations, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are. For instance, having spentmany generations hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic_32thathelp them
7、digest and utilize this fat-rich diet, thereby allowing them to_33in their cold climate. Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different_34across the globe, occupying every ocean basin on the planet, with an empire that_35from pole to pole. As such, different populations of killer wha
8、les have had to learn different hunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey 猎物. This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientists to_36that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animals genetic development. 【选项】细心
9、整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A.acquired B.adaptations C.brutal D.deliberately E.expressed F.extends G.habitats H.humble I.image J.literally K.refined L.revolves M.speculate N.structure O.thrive 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - -
10、 - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Part Reading Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage withten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragr
11、aph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for 18-to 34-year -olds. A Broad demograph
12、ic 人口的 shifts is marital status, educational attainment and employment have transformed the way young adults in the U.S. are living, and a new Pew Research Center analysis highlights the implications of these changes for the most basic element of their lives where they call home. In 2022, for the fi
13、rst time in more than 130 years, adults ages 18 to 34 were slightly more likelyto be living in their parents home than they were to be living with a spouse or partner in their own household. 第 4 页,共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - B This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of
14、 young Americans who are choosing to settle down romantically before age 35. Dating back to 1880, the most common 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic partner, whether a spouse or a
15、 significant other. This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nations 18-to 34-year -olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents. C By 2022, 31.6% of young adults were living with a spouse orpartner in their
16、 own household, below the share living in the home of their parents32.1%. Some 14% of young adults lived alone, were a single parent or lived with one or more roommates. The remaining 22% lived in the home of another family member such asa grandparent, in-law or sibling 兄弟姐妹 , a non-relative, or in
17、group quarters like college dormitories. D Its worth noting that the overall share of young adults livingwith their parents was not at a record high in 2022. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nations 18-to 34-year -olds lived with mom and/or dad compared with 32% in 2014. Wh
18、at has changed, instead, is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood, with the decline of romantic coupling pushing living at home to the top of a much less uniform list of living arrangements. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 18 页 - - - - - - - - -
19、名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Among young adults, living arrangements differ significantly by gender. For men ages 18 to 34, living at home with mom and/or dad has been the dominant living arrangement since 2022, In 2022, 28% of young men were living with a spouse of partner in their ow
20、nhome, while 35% were living in the home of their parents. Youngwomen, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse ofromantic partner35%than they are to be living with their parents29%. F In 2022, more young women16%than young men13%were heading up a household without a spouse or partn
21、er. This is mainlybecause women are more likely than men to be single parents living with their children. For their part, young men25%are more likely than young women19%to be living in the home of another family member, a non-relative or in some type of group quarters. G A variety of factors contrib
22、ute to the long-run increase in the share of young. Adults living with the parents. The first in the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In addition, a growing share of young adult may be avoiding marriage altogether. A pr
23、evious Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many as one-in-four of todays young adult may never marry. While cohabitation同居 第 6 页,共 18 页 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -has been on the rise, the overall share of young
24、 adults either married or living with an unmarried partner has substantially fallen since1990. H In addition, trends in both employment status and wages have likely contributed to the growing share of young adults who areliving in the home of their parents, and this is especially true of young men.
25、Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among youngmen has fallen significantly in recent decades. The share of young men with jobs peaked around 1960 at 84%. In 2022, only 71% of 18-to 34-year-old men were employed. Similarly with earning
26、s, youngmens wages after adjusting for inflation have been on a downward trajectory 轨迹 since 1970 and fell significantly form 2000 to 2022.As wages have fallen ,the share of young men living in the home of their parents has risen. I Economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are
27、increasingly likely to live at home. Generally, young womenhave had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960 andhence might increasingly be expected to be a be to afford to affor 第 7 页,共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - d to live independently of their parents. For women, delayed marria细心整理归纳 精选学习资
28、料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -ge-which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home. J The Great Recession and modest recovery has also been associated with an increase in young a
29、dults living at home. Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living at home. And given the weak job opportunities facing young adults, living at home was part of the private safety net help young adults to weather the economic storm.
30、K Beyond gender, young adults living arrangements differ considerable by education which is tied to financial means. For young adults without a bachelors degree, as of 2022 living at home with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner.By 2022, 36% of 18-to 34-year-olds who
31、 had not completed a bachelors degree were living with their parents while 27% were livingwith a spouse or partner. Among college graduates, in 2022 46% were married or living with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parents. Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in th
32、e labor market than their less-educated counterparts,which has in turn made it easier to establish s. their own household细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页,共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -37.【题干】 Unemployed young men are more likely to live with the
33、ir parents than the employed. 38.【题干】 In 2022, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents was greater than that of their female counterparts. 39.【题干】 The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly decreased in the past three decades or so. 40.【题干
34、】 Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-old lived in their parents home. 41.【题干】 Young adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents. 42.【题干】Young men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women. 43.【题干】 More young adult
35、 women before due to delayed marriage. live with their parents than 44.【题干】 The percentage of young men who live with their par 第 9 页,共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - ents has grown due to their decreased pay in recent decades. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - -
36、 - - -45.【题干】 The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents. 46.【题干】One reason for young adults to live with their parents is that get married late or stay single all their lives Part Reading Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each
37、passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A、B、C、and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 47 to 51 are based on the
38、following passage. According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men. The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom. And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership, most Americans find
39、women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying theyre stronger ate and organized leaders. than men in terms of being passion细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 页,共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - -
40、- - - - - - - - - - -So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States. According to the public, at least, its not that they lack toughness, management talent or proper skill sets. Its also not all about work-life balance. Although economic research a
41、nd previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leadership roles. Only about
42、 one-in-five say womens family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren t more females in top leadership positions in business and politics. Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the highest levels of eith
43、er politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves. Similar shares say the electorate 选民and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions. 第 11 页,共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - As a result, the public is divided about whether the imbalance incorporate America will change in the foreseeable future, even though women have made major advances in the workplace. While 53%细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -b