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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载新目标七年级下册英语学问点总结Unit4 Dont eat in class.一、词组、短语1. 祈使句是指动词原形开头,表达命令或祈求的句子；其否定句是在句首加dont构成；2. arrive 到达,抵达arrive at + 小地点 arrive at school 到达学校arrive in + 大地点 arrive in Beijing 到达北京get to + 地点 get to Beijing 到达北京get home 到家 get there 到那儿reach + 地点reach Beijing 到达北京reac
2、h home 到家get、arrive 后接副词是,介词省略；3. be late for + 名词 迟到 He was late for school. 他上学迟到了；4. outside 外面 - inside 里面 5. dining hall 餐厅,饭厅 in /at school 在上学,在求学 in the school 在学校里 6. 7. have to do sth 不得不做某事 8. on school nights 上课期间的晚上9. too many + 可数名词“ 太多 ” too many books 太多的书too much + 不行数名词 “太多 ” too m
3、uch homework 太多的家庭作业10. No smoking. = Dont smoke. 请勿吸烟！No food. = Dont eat food. 禁止吃东西！No + 名词（短语）或动词-ing 形式,表示 “ 不许,不行,不能”11. later 后来,以后12. by “ 在 .以前,到 为止”I should finished homework by tomorrow.在明天之前我应当把作业做完；13. be in bed “ 睡觉,卧床”in bed “ 卧病在床”in the bed “ 在床上”go to bed “ 上床睡觉” 强调动作二、重点句型名师归纳总结 1
4、.Don t arrive late for schoolDont be late for school 第 1 页,共 4 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2.Don t fight 3.Don学习必备欢迎下载t listen to music in the c lassroom. 4.Don t run in the hallways5.Dont smoke .Its bad for your health.6.Don t play cards in school7.Dont talk in class8.Dont watch TV on sc
5、hool nights.9.Don t sleep in class.10.Donplay sports in the classrooms.11.Don t sing songs at night.12.Dont talk when you eat.13.Don t wear hats in class.14.Do homework by 10:00.15.Clean your house.16.Make the bed. 17.Can we . Yes ,we can . No, we cant.Eg: Can we arrive late for class .No, we cant.
6、We cant arrive late for class.18.Do y ou have to wash your clothes. Yes, I do./No, I dont.三、重点句子1. Don t arrive late for class.2. Dont run in the hallways.3. Dont eat in the classrooms.4. Don t listen to music in the classrooms or the hallways.5. Dont fight.6. What are the rules.7. Can we listen to
7、music. 8. Do you have to wear a uniform at school.9. What else do you have to do . 10. Don t go out on school night.11. Practice your guitar every day .12. I have too many rules in my family. 13. I cant meet my friends after school beca use I have to do my homeworkl 14. I have to be in bed by ten Oc
8、lock.15. I have to help my Mom make dinner.16. Later , I have to go to the Childrens Palace to learn the piano.17. I never have any fun, what can I do. 四、重难点精析祈使句通常用来表示命令、恳求、禁止、建议、警告等语气；它的主语其构成通常有以下几种形式；1Be 型（即系动词原型 be+表语其他） ； 如： Be quiet,please. 否定句 Dont + be+表语 +其他；如： Dont be angry. you听话人 通常省略；名师
9、归纳总结 2Do 型（即系动词原形宾语其他）；如：Open you books,please. clock. 否定句 Dont +实义动词原形 +宾语 +其他；如： Dont eat in the classroom. 3Let 型（即 Let+ 宾语 +动词原形 +其他）如：Let me help you. Lets go at six o第 2 页,共 4 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 否定句一般在宾语后加not；如：学习必备欢迎下载Let not watch TV. 4No+V-ing 型（此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为“禁止做某
10、事 “）如：No smoking. 严禁吸烟！ No talking. 不许交谈！ No passing. 禁止通行！ No parking. 不 许停车重难点解析：1. 情态动词 have to 的用法,意思是 的权威； 必需、不得不 ,它侧重于客观上的必要和外界（1）结构：主语have to动词原形其他（一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,用 has to；句子是过去时,用 had to.）如： We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上,我们必需穿运动鞋；Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆
11、每天必需练习弹吉它；我不得不早上 5 点起床；I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一,（2）否定形式：主语dont have to动词原形其他（一般现在时, 主语是第三人称单数时,用 doesnt have to. 句子是过去时, 用 didnt have to）如： Nick doesnt have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿降服；We didnt have to do our homework at once. 我们不必立刻完成作业；（3）疑问句： Do （Does 或 Did ）主语 have to 动词原形其他如：D
12、o you have to stay at home on weekends. 周末你必需呆在家里吗？Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 是的,我必需 .不,我不必； Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night. 昨晚,他不得不11 点前上床睡觉吗？2. 情态动词 can 的用法（1）表示才能, 会 能（在第一册中已经学习这种用法）Can you play the guitar. 你会弹吉它吗？Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中文； I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能
13、跳舞；（2）表示答应、许可,可以 、能 （在这一课中新学的词义）Can the students run in the hallways. 同学们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西；Can I come in. 我能进来吗？留意 ：同样是情态动词,can 和 have to 的用法是有区分的,和大部分情态动词一样,can 在否定句中,直接在can 后加上 not,在疑问句中,把can 放到主语前面,并且没有人称和数的变化；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载
14、3. hear,listen 和 sound 都有 听的意思,但三者是有区分的；（1）hear听说 ,侧重于 听的内容Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了,我很伤心；I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么好玩的一个故事；（2）listen 听 侧重于 听这一动作； Listen to me carefully. 仔细听我说；The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜爱听音乐；（3）sound 听起来 ,它是系动词,后面接形容词等；错； It sou
15、nds like fun. 听起来挺好玩；That sounds great. 那听起来真不4. be in bed 在床上、卧床 in 和 bed 之间不能用冠词,bed 也不用复数；He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床 10 年了；Dave has to be in bed early every night. 大卫每晚 必需很早睡觉；5.arrive late for 与 be late for 意思相近 迟到 Dont arrive （be）late for school. 上学别迟到； I arrived （was）late for the meeting y
16、esterday. 我昨天开会迟到了；6.No talking . 禁止交谈！ no 后面加上名词或动名词（doing）也表示不要做某事； 与 dont +do 的用法相像； No wet umbrellas. / Dont put wet umbrellas here. 禁止放湿雨伞！No food. Dont eat food here. 禁止吃食物！ No smoking. Dont smoke here. 禁止吸烟！7语法（祈使句）祈使句是用来表示恳求、命令、 嘱咐、号召或者劝说等的句子,这类句子的主语常是第二人称 you,也就是听话者,因而 you 常省去了；祈使句的开头是动词原形；如： Look out. 当心！ Wait here for me. 在这等我！Be sure to come here on time. 务必准时来到这里！祈使句的否定形式多以do not（常缩写成dont）开头,再加上动词原形；Dont arrive late for school. 上学别迟到；Dont fight. 别打架！名师归纳总结 Dont look out of the window. 不要向窗外看；第 4 页,共 4 页- - - - - - -