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1、新目的七年级下册英语知识点总结Unit4 Dont eat in class!一、词组、短语1. 祈使句是指动词原形开头, 表达命令或祈求的句子。 其否认句是在句首加 dont 构成。2. arrive 到达,到达arrive at + 小地点 arrive at school 到达学校arrive in + 大地点 arrive in Beijing 到达北京get to + 地点 get to Beijing 到达北京 get home 到家 get there 到那儿reach + 地点 reach Beijing 到达北京 reach home 到家get 、 arrive 后接副词是
2、,介词省略。3. be late for + 名词 迟到He was late for school. 他上学迟到了。4. outside (外面 - inside(里面 5. dining hall 餐厅,饭厅6. in /at school 在上学,在求学 in the school 在学校里7. have to do sth不得不做某事8. on school nights 上课期间的晚上9. too many + 可数名词 “ 太多 ” too many books 太多的书too much + 不可数名词 “ 太多 ” too much homework 太多的家庭作业10. No
3、smoking! = Dont smoke! 请勿吸烟!No food! = Dont eat food! 严禁吃东西!No + 名词(短语或动词 -ing 形式,表达 “ 不许,不可,不能 ”11. later 后来,以后12. by “在 . 以前,到为止”I should finished homework by tomorrow.在明天之前我应当把作业做完。13. be in bed “睡觉,卧床” in bed “卧病在床” in the bed “在床上”go to bed “上床睡觉”强调动作二、重点句型1.Dont arrive late for school=Dont be
4、late for school2.Dont fight 3.Dont listen to music in the classroom.4.Dont run in the hallways5.Dont smoke .Its bad for your health.6.Dont play cards in school7.Dont talk in class8.Dont watch TV on school nights.9.Dont sleep in class.10.Dont play sports in the classrooms.11.Dont sing songs at night.
5、12.Dont talk when you eat.13.Dont wear hats in class.14.Do homework by 10:00.15.Clean your house!16.Make the bed.17.Can we ? Yes ,we can . No, we cant.Eg: Can we arrive late for class ?No, we cant. We cant arrive late for class.18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I dont.三、重点句子1. Dont
6、 arrive late for class.2. Dont run in the hallways.3. Dont eat in the classrooms. 4. Dont listen to music in the classrooms or the hallways.5. Dont fight.6. What are the rules?7. Can we listen to music?8. Do you have to wear a uniform at school?9. What else do you have to do ?10. Dont go out on scho
7、ol night.11. Practice your guitar every day .12. I have too many rules in my family.13. I cant meet my friends after school because I have to do my homeworkl14. I have to be in bed by ten Oclock.15. I have to help my Mom make dinner.16. Later , I have to go to the Childrens Palace to learn the piano
8、.17. I never have any fun, what can I do?四、重难点精析祈使句通常用来表达命令、请求、严禁、建议、警告等语气。它的主语 you(听话人 通常省略。 其构成通常有以下几种形式。1Be 型(即系动词原型 be+表语+其他 。 如:Be quiet,please.否认句 Dont + be+表语 +其他。 如:Dont be angry.2Do 型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他 。如:Open you books,please.否认句 Dont +实义动词原形 +宾语 +其他。 如:Dont eat in the classroom.3Let 型(即 Let+宾语
9、 +动词原形 +其他如:Let me help you. Lets go at six oclock.否认句一般在宾语后加 not 。如:Let not watch TV.4No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提醒语中,意为 “ 严禁做某事 “ 如: No smoking! 严禁吸烟! No talking! 不许交谈! No passing! 严禁通行! No parking! 不 许停车重难点解析:1. 情态动词 have to 的用法,意思是 必须、不得不 ,它侧重于客观上的必要和外界 的权威。(1结构:主语+have to+动词原形+其他(一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,用
10、 has to如:在体育课上,我们必须穿运动鞋。We _sneakers _ gym class.汤姆天天必须练习弹吉它。Tom _every day.(2否认形式:主语+dont have to+动词原形+其他(一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,用 doesnt have to.如:Nick _uniform.尼克不必穿制服。(3疑问句:Do (Does +主语+have to +动词原形+其他如:周末你必须呆在家里吗? Do you _on weekends?是的,我必须 . 不,我不必 Yes, I do. / No, I dont.昨晚, 他不得不 11点前上床睡觉吗? Did he_
11、 by 11:00 last night? 2. 情态动词 can 的用法(1表达能力, 会 能 (在第一册中已经学习这种用法Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉它吗? Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点中 文。 I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。(2表达允许、许可, 可以 、 能 (在这一课中新学的词义Can the students run in the hallways? 学生们可以在走廊上跑吗? We can eat outside. 我 们可以在外面吃东西。 Can I come in? 我
12、能进来吗?注意 :同样是情态动词, can 和 have to 的用法是有区别的,和大部分情态动词同样, can 在否认句中,直接在 can 后加上 not ,在疑问句中,把 can 放到主语前面,并且没有人称和数的变化。3. hear, listen 和 sound 都有 听 的意思,但三者是有区别的 。(1 hear 听说 ,侧重于 听 的内容Im sorry to hear that you are ill. 听说你生病了,我很伤心。I never heard such an interesting story. 我历来没听过这么有趣的一个故事。(2 listen 听 侧重于 听 这一动
13、作。 Listen to me carefully. 认真听我说。The children like to listen to music. 孩子们喜欢听音乐。(3 sound 听起来 ,它是系动词,后面接形容词等。 That sounds great. 那听起来真不 错。 It sounds like fun. 听起来挺有趣。4. be in bed 在床上、卧床 in 和 bed 之间不能用冠词, bed 也不用复数。He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床 2023了。 Dave has to be in bed early every night.大卫每晚 必须很早
14、睡觉。5.arrive late for 与 be late for 意思相近 迟到 Dont arrive (be late for school. 上学别迟到。 I arrived (was late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了。6.No talking ! 严禁交谈! no 后面加上名词或动名词 (doing 也表达不要做某事。 与 dont +do的用法相似。 No wet umbrellas! / Dont put wet umbrellas here! 严禁放湿雨伞!No food! Dont eat food here! 严禁吃食物!
15、No smoking! Dont smoke here! 严禁吸烟! 7.语法(祈使句祈使句是用来表达请求、 命令、 叮嘱、号召或者劝告等的句子,这类句子的主语常是第 二人称 you ,也就是听话者,因而 you 常省去了。祈使句的开头是动词原形。如:Look out! 小心! Wait here for me! 在这等我!Be sure to come here on time! 务必准时来到这里!祈使句的否认形式多以 do not(常缩写成 dont 开头,再加上动词原形。Dont arrive late for school. 上学别迟到。Dont fight! 别打架!Dont look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。