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1、精品名师归纳总结第七章定语从句相关概念可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结主句、从句、关系词例句： This is the boy who won the first prize in the English Speech Competition.主句 ：在含有定语从句的复合句中,除去定语从句后的部分,是句子的主句。 例句中,This is the boy. 是主句。 定语从句： 相当于形容词, 修饰主句中的一个名词或代词（有时修饰整个主句, 相当于主句的一个定语。） 例句中, who wonthe firstprize in the English Speech Competit
2、ion 是定语从句, 修饰 the boy。先行词： 先行词就是被定语从句修饰的名词等, 它总是显现在定语从句的前面。 例句中, the boy 是先行词。 关系词： 关系词指用来引导定语从句的词, 分为关系代词和关系副词。 例句中, who 是关系代词。 关系词的三个作用作定语从句的一个句子成分。起着连接主句和从句的作用（参看P. 错误 .未定义书签。错误 .未找到引用源。 ）。代指被修饰的先行词。（例句中,who作定语从句的主语,同时起着连接作用,在意思上,指代的是前面的先行词 the boy。）关系代词指人时可以用 who, 也可用 that。Do you know the boywho
3、/that is my desk mate.whose 可以指人也可以指物。He was a painter whose pictures were not well- known in his life time.The tree whose leaves are red was planted last year.关系代词作宾语时可以省略。I like the meal that/which / we had last night.Doyouknowthe boy who/whom/that/ we talked about just now.注：（）表示关系代词省略关系副词关系副词在从句
4、中只能作状语。when 指时间,where 指的点, why 指缘由, how 不能作关系词。 如：Wewillput offthe picnicuntilnext week when the weather may be better.He has reached the point where a change is needed. That is no reason why you should leave.This is the way how I did it. how不能作关系词 基础过关1. 用合适的关系词完成句子。The man/was here yesterday is a
5、painter.The man/I saw is called Smith.A childparents are dead is called an orphan.I d like a room window looks out over the sea.A letter/is written in pencil is hard to read.The letter/I received fromhim yesterday is very important.That is the boy/you are looking for.Doyouknowthe reasonhe was late f
6、orthe meeting ？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结The man who/thatwas killedin the accident is Toms uncle.This is the schoolI still remember the dayI used to study.we met for the first time.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结指物时可以用 which,也可用 that。I like visiting placeswhich/thatare not far away.Howdo you likethe filmwhic
7、h/tha t was shown last Sunday.2. 用符号标出以下句子的主句、定语从句、先行词和关系词。主句：定语从句 :（）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结先行词：先行词关系词：例： This is the book that I have been looking for. The movie that we saw last night is very exciting.Have you bought the book which we talked about ？I stillremember the day whichwe spent together
8、last week.He still lives in the house whose windows face south.The boy whose father is a policeman speaks English mostfluently in our class.The girl who you met was John s sister.There is no reason why we shouldn t be friends.They arrived in the early morning when the sky was still dark.The days wer
9、e gone when we had to travel on horses. Is this the hospital where you were born.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结关系词的挑选可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结选用哪个关系词,关键是看关系词在定语从句 中作什么成分含有定语从句的复合句可以分为两部分：主句和从句。关系词是定语从句的一个成分。选用关系词, 要看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分, 而不是看先行词是什么词性。He worked in the factorywhich produces TV sets.He worked in th
10、e factory where his father had worked. I like the school which is near to my home.I like the school where my sister studies.仍：依据先行词提示的意思, 大胆的把定语从句仍原答疑 qq 329950885 为完整的一句话。 （可以添词）替换：用关系词替换定语从句中仍原后添加的部分,作主语和宾语用关系代词,作状语用关系副词。 （时间状语用 when,的点状语用 where, 缘由状语用 why ）（ 同中学时做的 “对画线部分提问 ”相像,该用 what 的时候用 which
11、/that 即可）例如：This is the schoolI once studied.This is the schoolis the most famous in the city.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结在句 1 和句 2 中,先行词前都有in,但关系词有用which 也有用 where 的。Iam studyingat a school English.找：（略）myfather teaches可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结在句 3 和句 4 中,先行词都是 the school, 但关系词有用
12、 which 也有用 where 的。因此,我们可以看出,对关系词起打算性作用的并不是先行词。在句 1 和句 3 中, 关系词在定语从句中都是作主语, 因此用的都是关系代词which 。在句 2 和句 4 中, 关系词在定语从句中都是作状语, 因此都是用关系副词where。我们可以看出,用哪个关系词,主 要看关系词在定 语从句中 作什么成分 。选用关系词的方法：一“找”二“仍”三“替换 ”找：就是找出主句、从句、先行词和关系词。（参看本章第 1 讲）仍原：依据先行词的提示,这三句话的定语从句仍原成完整的一句话后分别为：I once studied at the school .The scho
13、ol is the most famous in the city. My father teaches English at the school .粗斜体部分为依据先行词的意思把关系词仍原后的部分。替换：依据 “对画线部分提问 ”的规章, 1.和 3.用where, 2.本该用 what, 在定语从句中该用 what 的要换为 which/that 。因此,答案为： 1.where。 2. that/which 。 3. where关系词一般要位于定语从句的句首【2022 江西】 The house I grew uphas been taken down and replaced by
14、an office building.A. in itB. inC. in thatD. in which可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结答案与分析： A 没有关系词, 不能连接两句话。 C 介词后不能用 that。D 关系词一般不位于句末。 而 B 可以看作是关系代词作宾语、 放在句首并且省略了。 因此选 B。利用一 “找”二“仍”三 “替换 ”的方法挑选关系词Is this the reasonhe explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whyIs t
15、his the reasonhe was so careless in his work.A. thatB. whatC. howD. whyThe reasonhe didnwtacsomehe was ill.A. why; thatB. that; whyC. for that; thatD. for which; whatHe lives in a villageis not far from the city.A. which B. whereC. whatD. whoseHe lives in the villagehe was born.I ll never forget the
16、 dayswe studied together.A. thatB. /C. whenD. A and BI ll never forget the dayswe spent together.A. thatB. /C. whenD. A and BIf we want to have a bright future, we must learn to act in waysdo not do harm to other living things.A. in whichB. /C. howD. thatIs this the factorycolor TV sets are produced
17、.A. whenB. the one whereC. thatD. in whichIs this factorycolor TV sets are produced.A. whichB. the one whereC. thatD. in whichThis is the factoryproduces color TV sets.A. whereB. the one whereC. thatD. in which【 2022 天津】 Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A
18、. whichB. where You should try the barber sI go. It s only可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结C. whatD. whoseIn an hour, we travel to placescould have taken our ancestors days to reach.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. whatIn an hour, we travel to placeswe can relax andA. asB. whichC. whereD. that【 2022 陕西】 I walked up
19、 to the top of the hill with my friend,we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.A. which B. whereC. whoD. that【 2022 福建】 She has a gift for creating an atmos- phere可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结get refreshed.A. whereB. whenforher students freely with each other.allowsthem to communicate可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归
20、纳总结C. whichD. whatThe pla ceinterested me most was the Children Palace.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. in whichThe placehe had a good time last Sunday was the Children s Palace.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. in whereA. which B. whereC. whatD. who【 2022江s西】By 16:30,was almost closing time, nearly all the painti
21、ngs had been sold.A. which B. whenC. whatD. that【 2022 山东】 Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. whom可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结只能用 that 不能用 which 的情形可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结先行词是 anything, something, nothing, everything等不定代词时关系代词一般只用t
22、hat,不用 which 。I. He never reads anythingis not worth reading.A. whichB. asC. whoD. thatII. Is there anythingto you.A. that is belongedB. that belongsC. that belongD. which belongsIII. 【2022 全国 2】I refuse to accept the blame for somethingwas someone else s fault.A. whoB. thatC. asD. what先行词是 all, muc
23、h ,little, none或先行词被 all, much, little, no, any修饰时关系词只能用 that, 不能用 which 。All the people that are present burst into tears.IV. These peopleoncehad fameandfortune;now is left to them is utter poverty.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. all thatB. all whatC. all whichD. that allV. There is not muchcan be done.
24、A. thatB. whichXIV. I likethe second footballmatch held last week.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. /was可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结C. whatD. howVI. 【2022 浙江】that s important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.A. OneB. AllC. EverythingD. AnythingXV. This is the last timeI shall come
25、 here to help you.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. whatXVI. It s the third timelate this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrived可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结VII. Thereisnodifficulty overcome in the world.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whatcan tbeC. that you ve arriveDd. when you ve arrived先行词有两个, 一个指人, 一个指物, 关系代词用
26、 that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结VIII. All the applesfell down were eaten by the pigs.A. thatB. thoseC. whichD. whatIX. You can take any seatis free.A. thatB. /C. whichD. it先行词被最高级、序数词以及the first,the last,the very, the only, the same修饰时被这类词修饰时,关系代词常用that,不用which 。XVII. We retalking about the piano and t
27、he pianist were in the concert we attended last night.A. which B. whom C. whoD. thatXVIII. Both the girl and her dogwere crossing the street were hit by a coming car.A. which B. whoC. theyD. thatXIX. All the passengers and suitcaseswere still waiting on the broken down bus had to be transferred to a
28、nother long distance bus.A. they B. whoC. which D. thatXX. He talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in the school.A. which B. thatC. whom D. what可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结X. The most importantthing we shouldpay可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结attention to is the first thingI have said.A. which;
29、 thatB. that; whichC. which; whichD. that; thatXI. My watch is not the only thingis missing.A. thatB. itC. whichD. whoXII. The TV play I watched last night is the best one I have watched this year.A. whichB. whatC. whoseD. thatXIII. This is the very film I vleong wished to see.A. whichB. thatC. whoD
30、. whom留意：关系副词不受这些规章的影响只是 答疑 qq 329950885 在选用关系代词时才使用这些规章。如：XXI. 【2022 福建】 Stephen Hawkingbelieves that the earth is unlikely to be the only planetlife has developed gradually.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whoseXXII. This is the same househer grandfather was born.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whose可编辑资料 - -
31、- 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结其他有关关系词挑选的规章可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结关系代词直接放在介词后面时, 要用 which ,不用 that 。 要用 whom ,不用 who第1章 【 2022 湖南】Julie was good at German, French第2章 【2022 湖南】 The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number offactors,are beyond our control.A. most of themB. most of whichC. most of whatD. mos
32、t of that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结and Russian , all ofshe spoke fluently.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. that第3章 Thisisthemuseum exhibition the other day.wesawan可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. thatB. whichC. whereD.in第10章 Whois the person is standing at the可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结that第4章 【 2022 全国 I】She brought w
33、ithher three friends, none ofI had ever met before.A. themB. whoC. whomD. these第5章 【2022 浙江】 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many ofleft their villagegate of Beijing Tourism Tower.A. whoB. thatC. whichD. whom第11章 Whohas common sense will do such a thing.A. which B. whoC. whomD. that可编
34、辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结homes for a better life in the city.第12章 Those notonly frombooks but also可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结A. whom B. whichC. themD. those第6章 【2022 上海】Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives fromyou received gifts.A. which B. themC. thatD. whom引导非限制性定语从句时,要用 which, who, whom,不用 th
35、at ,也不能省略第7章 【 2022浙江】 Yesterdayshe soldher car, she bought a month ago.A. whom B. whereC. thatD. which第8章 【2022 全国 1】As a child, Jack studied in a village school,is named after his grandfather.A. which B. whereC. whatD. that第9章 【2022 全国 】That evening,I will tell you more about later, I ended up wor
36、king very late.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. when当先行词前面有 which ,who 等疑问代词时, 为防止重复,用关系代词 that同理,当先行词是that, those 时,常用关系代词which 或 who 。如：What s that whihc is under the desk？在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？Which is the T-shirt that fits me most.through practice will succeed.A. learnB. whoC. that learnsD.who learn关系代词在从句中作表语或
37、therebe 结构中的实意主语时 , that 可指人或物,且通常省略 概括为：在从句中位于be 后。此条仅作明白He still talks like the man （ that） he was ten years ago.他谈起话来仍像十年前一样。The train is the fastest train （ that） there has ever been.这列火车是有史以来最快的火车。My typewriter is not the machine that it was.我的打字机已不是过去的机器了。第13章 She was no longer the womanshe wa
38、s.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. who第14章 She is no longer the sweet girlshe used to be.A. whatB. whoC. whenD. that当先行词为 one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all指人时,关系代词常用whoAnyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。All who heard the story were amazed. 全部听到这个故事的人都很惊奇。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结whos
39、e 可指人也可指物可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结whose 作关系代词可以指人也可指物,用作定语。如指物,它仍可以同of which互换; 如指人,就不行与 of whom 互换He lives in a house. Its window faces south. He lives in a house whose window faces south.He lives in a house. The window of it faces south. He lives in a house, the windowof whichfaces south. He lives
40、in a house, of whichthe windowfaces south.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结He is the farmer. His son is studying in Qinghua University.由于 答疑 qq 329950885 我们一般说 his son,不说the son of him; 说 my book, 不说 the book of me, 因此我们只能说 :He is the farmer whose son is studying in QinghuaUniversity.而不能说： He is the farmer,
41、the son of whom is studying in Qinghua University.名词前有冠词 the 时用 of which, 名词前没有冠词时用whose I saw some treesthe leaves were black with disease.A. where B. of whichC. in whichD. whoseA. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what 【2022 陕西】 The man pulled out a goldwatch, were made of small diamonds.A. the hands of whom
42、B. whom the hands ofC. which the hands ofD. the hands of which 【2022 安徽】 Many children, parents areaway working in big cities ,are taken good care of in the village.A. theirB. whoseC. of themD. with whom 【2022 天津】 I wish tothank Professor Smith, withouthelp I would never have got this far.A. whoB. w
43、hoseC. whomD. which 【 2022福 建 】 Thebooktellsstoriesofthe earthquake through the eyes of thoselives可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结 【2022 陕西】 The oldtemple, damaged in storm, is now under repair.A. whereB. whichC. itsD. whoseroofwaswere affected.A. whoseB. thatC. whoD. which可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结 【2022 全国 I】The prizewillgo tothe writer story shows the most imagination.as, but, than 用作关系代词可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结as 引导限制性定语从句例题： I had never heard such an interesting story you told me yesterday.A. thatB. whichC. asD. that/which有些同学可能挑选D