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1、精品资料欢迎下载动词的时态与语态一、考点透析动词的时态、语态是语法填空中必考内容之一，动词的各种时态形式都可能考到，不过最常考的是一般现在时态，一般过去时态，现在进行时态，以及一般将来时态，现在完成时态，同时还常与非谓语动词一起考查，做语法填空题时，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态、语气(陈述语气还是虚拟语气)、主谓一致四个方面。其次，在确定谓语动词的时态时，我们可从三个方面来进行判断：1看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。2在没有时间状语或时间状语从句时，要看上下文的谓语动词的形式。3看是否是特殊句型等。例如： Suddenly ，he _(f
2、ind) that he had run out of salt. 二、真题体验1(2016 新课标 )So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I_(allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 2(2016 新课标 )Truly elegant chopsticks might_(make)
3、of gold and silver with Chinese characters. 3(2016 四川)The giant panda_(love) by people throughout the world. 4(2016 四川)Then, after two and a half years, the mother_ (drive) the young panda away. 5(2016 浙江)While online shopping_(change) our life, not all of its effects have been positive. 6(2016 浙江)S
4、ilk_(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. 7(2016 北京)Jack_(work) in the lab when the power cut occurred. 8(2016 北京)Excuse me，which movie are you waiting r?fo The new Star Wars. We_(wait) here for more than two hours. 9(2016 北京)I_(read) half of the English novel
5、，and Ill try to finish it at the weekend. 10(2016 北京 )The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts_(reward) with success in the end. 11(2016 天津 )When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I_(see) for years. 三、知识清单.动词的时态一般现在时现在的状态经常性或习惯性的动作客观真理在某些状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来
6、时We always care for each other and help each other. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页精品资料欢迎下载We have 3 classes a day. The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west. We will not go to the park if it rains tomorrow. 一般过去时过去的动作或状态过去经常性或习惯性动作在状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来时态We had a test
7、 yesterday. We often played together when we were children. He told us he read an interesting novel last night. She told me that she would come to see me when she visited China again. 一般将来时 will/shall do 表示将来的动作或状态表示一种趋向或习惯动作表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定will 在含有条件、时间状语从句的主句中表意愿be going to do 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事
8、，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备表将来，不能用在含有条件、时间状语从句的主句中I shall go to swim tomorrow if it is fine. We will die without air or water. My grandmother will be 90 years old next year. Shell tell you if you ask her. Im going to stay at home tomorrow. The little boy is going to learn how to play football. be to do
9、表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、职责、可能性等A meeting is to be held at 3 oclock this afternoon. You are to report to the police. be about to do 表示“即刻；就要”，一般不与时间状语或状语从句连用Autumn harvest is about to start. He is about to leave for Beijing. 过去将来时用 would do ，was/were going to do sth.表过去将来was/were to do sth.和 was
10、/were about to do sth.表过去将来常用于宾语从句和间接引语中，表示过去将要发生的行为或存在的状态I knew you would agree. He said he was going to come with us. He said the meeting was to be held the next week. I was about to leave when he came in. He said he would wait until they came back. 现在进行时bedoing 表示说话时正在进行的动作表近期特定的安排或计划表示趋向行为的动词，如c
11、ome，go，start ，begin leave 等可用进行时代替将来时与 always 等连用表示赞扬、厌烦等语气精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页精品资料欢迎下载He is teaching English and learning Chinese. I am meeting Mr. Wang tonight. The National Day is coming. He is always helping others. 过去进行时was/were doing 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一阶段内发生或
12、频繁发生的动作表示某一动作发生时另一动作正在进行It was raining when they left the station. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 现在完成时have/has done表示过去的动作对现在的影响表示某一动作从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在，也可能继续持续下去在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时He has gone to Shanghai. I have learnt English for three years. Dont get off the bus
13、 until it has stopped. 过去完成时haddone 表示“过去的过去”表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等，常用had hoped/planned/meant/intended等或者 hoped/planned.to have done 过去完成时用于一些固定句型中When Jack arrived, Mary had been away for almost an hour. I had hoped to send him a Christmas card, but I forgot to do so. I had hardly got home when it beg
14、an to rain. That was the first time that he had visited Australia. 现在完成进行时have/has been doing 用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在(还要继续下去 )的动作多与 all the time ，this week ，all night 时间状语， for 、since 引导的状语从句连用They have been living here for three years. He has been doing各种时态的被动语态一般现在时 am/is/are done 一般过去时 was/were done
15、 现在进行时 am/is/are being done 过去进行时 was/were being done 现在完成时 have/has been done 过去完成时 had been done 一般将来时 will be done 情态动词 can/may/must be done 不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者强调动作的承受者动作的执行者有较长的修饰语出于礼貌，不愿说出动作的执行者Rice is grown in South China. The glass was broken yesterday. The project is being carried out. This roa
16、d was being built this time last year. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页精品资料欢迎下载This novel has been translated into 3 languages. When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. The cars will be sent abroad by sea. Oil can be turned into energy by burn
17、ing it. 4、考点警示1下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。(1)表示心理状态、情感的动词，like，love，hate，care，believe 等。(2)表“存在”的状态的动词，如appear，exist，lie，remain，seem 等。(3)表示一时性、非延续性动作的动词，如allow，accept，permit 等。(4)表示感官的动词， see，hear，notice，feel，smell，sound，taste，look 等2always，often 等频度副词与进行时连用表示经常反复的行为或表达某种感情色彩，如赞叹、不满、厌烦等。The girl is always talk
18、ing loud in public. 这个女孩老是当众大声喧哗。3只有及物动词才有被动语态。但cost，have，own，lack，agree with ，suffer from ，belong to ，consist of 等及物动词或及物的短语动词没有被动语态。4以下情况常用主动形式表示被动含义。(1)系动词 feel，look，seem，appear，taste，sound，smell，prove，remain等用主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是事物。The material feels very soft. 这种料子摸起来很柔软。(2)write ，read，clean，sell，w
19、ash，cook，open，close，lock 等的否定式或与 well，badly，easily 等副词连用，主语由内在品质或性能使谓语得以实现或不能实现时。The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。(3)cook ，bake，make，print，pack，work out 等动词用于进行时态时。The fish is cooking. 鱼正在煮。5、易错把脉In the mornings, it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid
20、. When English is an only language in class, students will have more opportunity to practise listening and speaking. However，there were problems with this method. Suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the skythey were looked like rain! Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页