2022年仁爱版八年级下英语第五六单元知识点总结 .pdf

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1、学习好资料欢迎下载UNIT 5 Topic 1 语法: 主系表结构。主语+系动词 +表语 (形容词), 系动词:be(is am are), look, sound, taste, smell, feel, turn, get, become, go, seem 等。例句: You look excited. / They are lucky./ He seems a little unhappy./ It tastes delicious. 词,词组的用法: invite:“邀请 ” , invite sb. to do sth. : 邀请某人做某事invite sb. to +地点 : 邀

2、请某人去哪里say thanks to : 向道谢one of +可数名词复数:中的一个以-ed 结尾的形容词表示“感到的” ,修饰人,以 -ing 结尾的形容词表示“令人 的 ” , 修 饰 物 。这 样 的 词 有 : excited/exciting, surprised/surprising, interested/interesting等None: “ (三者或三者以上)都不” , 表示全部否定,可与of 连用。None of.做主语时,谓语动词习惯用单数,也可以用复数。What a shame!=what a pity! 真遗憾!a ticket to/ for: .的票/入场券S

3、eem 的用法: seem + adj. seem to do: eg: She seems to think so. 她似乎认为如此。Seem+ that从句eg: It seems that they know everything. 他们好像知道一切Seem to be : eg: Tom certainly did not seem to be a fool.汤姆当然不像是个傻瓜Seem与 look 的区别: look 强调通过视觉来看Seem则是根据某种判断而得出的结论be pleased with sth.: 对感到满意 /高兴eg: He is pleased with his

4、new bike. be pleased to do sth. 对做某事感到高兴满意eg: I am pleased to stay here. be proud of: 以为骄傲ring up sb.=phone sb.=telephone sb.=call (up) sb. 给某人打电话care for sb.=look after sb=take care of sb 照顾某人alone 与 lonely 的区别:alone 可用作形容词,也可用作副词;lonely 只能做adj 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6

5、 页学习好资料欢迎下载alone 是陈述一个“独自”的客观事实,无感情色彩,lonely 则描述一种“寂寞的”情绪,感情色彩浓厚lonely 还可以表示地点偏僻because of+ 名词、代词:由于because 后跟句子:因为fill with= be full of 充满,装满agree 的用法: agree to do 同意做某事agree with sb/sth 与意见一致be afraid to do: 意为“害怕,不敢做某事 ” ,指对做某事内心感到恐惧或没有勇气做eg: He was afraid to go out alone at night. be afraid of d

6、oing : “ 害怕发生某事”,指不情愿做eg : She was afraid of waking the baby. at the end of :在(时间或地点的)尽头、末尾in the end = at last :最后UNIT 5 Topic 2 语法:.原因状语从句: 引导原因状语从句的连接词有because ,as,for 等(用法详见课本 122 页).形容词、副词比较等级原级的用法: 表示双方在程度上相等时,用原级,其结构为: “as +形容词或副词的原级 + as ” ,eg: I live as happily as before. 表示双方不相等时,结构为: “not

7、 as/so +形容词或副词的原级+ as ”eg: The food was not as/so delicious as ours. 词、词组的用法: be sorry to do =be sorry for doing sth.: 因做某事感到抱歉be sorry about sth.: 为感到难过do badly in 在某方面做的不好do well in在某方面做的好be strict with sb.: 对某人要求严格be strict in/about sth: 在某方面要求严格表建议的句型: You d better + do 你最好Why not+ do?=why don t

8、 you do? 为什么不?How/ what about doing sth? 怎么样?精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页学习好资料欢迎下载experience : 做“经历”时为可数名词,做“经验”时为不可数名词get/be used to sth: 习惯、适应get/be used to doing : 习惯做某事receive:客观上“收到”某物accept :主观上愿意“接受、接纳”refuse to do : 拒绝做某事refuse sth. : 拒绝be angry with sb: 生某人的气nota

9、ny longer = no longer 表示时间上“不再”UNIT 5 Topic3 语法:使役动词:就是叫别人去做某事,常见的使役动词有:make , let, have, get 等make 的用法 : make+宾语 +名词: “使成为” 。Your classmates make you monitor. make+宾语+形容词: “使处于某种状态 ” Illness ususally makes us sad. make+宾语+动词原形:“使做”It makes me feel nervous. make+宾语+介词短语: make yourself at home. let 的

10、用法 : let + 宾语+ 动词原形His father doesn t let him smoke. let + 宾语+副词let him out let + 宾语+介词短语let him into the house let us 与 let s 的区别: let us do sth :“让(允许)我们做某事” ,即提出请求,请对方允许let s do sth:“咱们去做某事吧”,即提出建议,建议双方一起做have是“使,命令,让”的意思,用法:have+宾语+动词原形:让某人做某事have+宾语+形容词:让某人保持或处于某种状态词、词组的用法:Can t be :“不可能”,表示否定推

11、测,must 表肯定推测hate to do 讨厌做某事take medicne 吃药take turns to do sth: 轮流做某事It s one s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页学习好资料欢迎下载get along with 与相处in a bad mood in bad/low spirits be bad for in a good mood in good/high spirits be good fortoo+形容词或副词 +to do 太而不能U

12、NIT 6 Topic 1 语法:动词不定式,基本构成形式是“to + 动词原形”,有时可以不带 to ,否定形式为not to do 。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能单独做谓语用法:在句中可以做主语,宾语,表语,状语,和宾语补足语 做主语:相当于名词或代词的作用,不定式做主语往往用形式主语it 替代,而将不定式置于句尾t eg:To learn an art is very difficult.=It is very difficult to learn an art. 学习一门艺术很难。做宾语:一般跟在谓语动词后面。begin, try, need, plan, forget,

13、decide, agree, like 等后面常接动词不定式做宾语。 做表语:常用来表示预定要发生的动作,一般跟在be 动词之后eg: Your task is to find out the cost by bus 做定语:可以用来修饰人和物,放在被修饰词后面。eg: The best way to get there is by bus. She wants a big house to live in. 做状语:多表目的,结果,原因eg: They organized a show to raise money.( 目的状语 ) I m very pleased to hear the

14、good news.( 原因状语 ) He returned home to find his wife waiting for him.(结果状语 ) 做宾语补足语:“动词 +宾语+ to do”动词 ask, tell, invite, allow, wish 等后面多接不定式做宾语补足语,其中make, let, have等使役动词和 see, watch, notice, feel, hear等感官动词后面接不带to 的不定式做宾语补足语eg:I hear him sing in the next room. He asked me to help him. 动词不定式可与疑问词how

15、, what, which, where, when等连用eg: I don t know what to do. 动词不定式的复合结构:即不定式用of 或 for 引出逻辑主语精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页学习好资料欢迎下载当形容词表示客观情况,描述不定式的特征性质时常用for 引出不定式的逻辑主语此结构为: it is +adj+ for sb. to do sth., 此类形容词有easy, hard, difficult, interesting等eg: It s easy for us to compl

16、ete the task. 当形容词表示人的性格、品德或主观态度时,用of 引出不定式的逻辑主语此结构为: it is +adj.+of sb. to do sth, 此类形容词有 nice,kind,good,wise,clever 等eg: It is very kind of you to help me. UNIT 6 Topic 2 语法:时间状语从句, 引导词有 when, while, as , as soon as , after, before, till , until when, while ,as引导的时间状语从句: when 通常指时间点,有时也可指一段时间,表示主句

17、和从句的动作或状态同时发生,谓语动词可用瞬时动词或持续性动词; while 只表示一段时间, 因此 while 引导的从句的谓语动词要用持续性动词,强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。当when 引导的从句指一段时间时,when和 while 可以互换。 as 引导的时间状语从句往往可以与when,while 互换,它通常表示动作发生的过程而不是状态,着重主句和从句的动作同时发生,有“随着”或“一边一边”之意eg: I d like you to meet him when he arrives. When/While/As we were dancing, a stranger came in.

18、We always sing as we walk. before , after 引导的时间状语从句before引导时间状语从句,意为“在之前” ,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前after 引导时间状语从句, 意为“在之后”,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 as soon as 引导时间状语从句: 表示从句的动作一发生, 主句的动作随即就发生eg:I ll tell him about it as soon as he comes back. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页学习好资料欢迎下载 until

19、, till 引导的时间状语从句:意为“直到” ,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前,当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式,当主句的谓语动词是短暂性动词时,主句常用否定形式,notuntil 直到才eg: You may stay here till/until the rain stops. He didn t go to bed until he finished his homework. 时间状语从句的时态:主将从现,主过从过,主现从句可用任意时态词、词组的用法: be busy doing sth.: 忙于做某事she is busy doing her homework

20、. be busy with sth. :忙于she is busy with her homework across: 介词“穿过”,表示动作是在某一物体表面进行walk across the street through:介词“穿过”,表示动作是在某空间内进行go through the forest in +the + 方位词 +of:用于在某一范围内的地区Taiwan is in the southeast part of China on+the +方位词 +of: 用于相互接壤且互不管辖的两个地区Heilongjiang is on the north of Jilin to +the +方位词 +of:用于互不接壤且互不管辖的两个地区Japan is to the east of China. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页

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