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1、学习必备欢迎下载（一）课文详解1、get a dictionary.(P17) get 此处为及物动词“获得、得到”，其后常跟名词作宾语。get 之后跟双宾语，常用短语：get sb. sth = get sth for sb eg: He got a letter from his friend yesterday. Get me a cup of tea. = Get a cup of tea for me. get 常构成的短语有：get up 起床get over 克服、 恢复get on / off 上、下车get along / on with 与.相处get back 取回2、b
2、uy a newspaper(P17) 1)buy 及物动词，常用结构有：buy sb sth = buy sth for sb buy sth from sb eg: He bought me this book = He bought this book for me. I bought this watch from a friend for $10. 2)buy 是非延续性动词，不能与how long 及 for 引导的表示一段时间的状语连用。表示“某物买了多长时间”用have 代替 buy eg: I have had the bike for two months. How lon
3、g have you had your dictionary 3)buy 的反义词是sell，常用短语有：sell sth to sb = sell sb sth eg: I sold my car to my younger brother. = I sold my younger brother my car. 3、Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the bookstore?(P17)1)Could you please.?表示委婉的请求，后接动词原形。类似的表示请求的句型还有：Would / Will you pleas
4、e do sth? Would you like to do sth? 2)could 为情态动词，也是can的过去式，在表达请求时，could 与 can 没有时态上的差别，只是 could 的语气比较委婉和客气3)hot to get to the bookstore 是 “疑问词+ 动词不定式” 结构。疑问词 who, which, when, where, how, what 等与动词不定式连用，常用语 tell, show, know, teach, learn, explain 等后作宾语， “ 疑问词+ 动词不定式”结构所表示的动作通常是未发生的，所以在转换成宾语从句时，通常要加
5、情态动词或用将来时态。eg: He didn t know what to say. = He didn t know what he should say. 4、Sure,just go along Main Street until you pass Center Street.(P17)1)go along “沿着 .向前走”，与 go down / up 同义，常用于指路。常用的句子还有：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 5 页学习必备欢迎下载walk along / down this road / street
6、 turn left / right at the + 序数词+ crossing / turning you can take the No. + 数字+ bus and get off at . It s next to / across from walk on and turn left / right 2)until 与 till 的用法区别until 可以放在句首，till 不能。 till 多用于口语中。两个词都可以用作介词，也可以用作连词。作介词时，后接词或短语，在句子中作状语；作连词时引导时间状语从句。until / till用于肯定句中， 句子或主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动
7、词，表示这一动作或状态一直延续到until / till所表示的时间为止。这样的动词有live, wait, last, work等eg: He watched TV until / till midnight last night. I waited for him until / till he came back. until / till用于否定句中，其句型为：not.until / till “直到 .才 .”或“在 之前不”，通常与非延续性动词连用，强调句子或主句所表示的状态或动作从until / till 所表示的时间才发生，句子或主句必须是否定句。表示非延续性的动词有come,
8、 go, leave, meet, realize, understand, reach, get, arrive 等eg: He didn t go home until / till ten o clock. I hadn t realize the thing was so serious until / till she told me about it. = Until she told me about it, I hadn t realized the thing was so serious. 5、go to the thinrd floor(P18)the first flo
9、or the second floor the third floor ( 美式英语 ) the ground floor the first floor the second floor( 英式英语 ) 6、turn left(P18) 1)turn left = turn to the left. 此处 turn 是不及物动词，意为“转向”turn 的其他用法作不及物动词， “转动，转身”eg: Ricky turned and walked away. 作及物动词， “转动，旋转”eg: He turned the key in the lock. 作连系动词， “变为，成为”eg: W
10、hen spring comes, the trees turn green. 作名词，“轮流”eg: It s your turn to read now. 与 turn 有关的短语：turn right = turn to the right turn on / off turn down / up 2)left adv.“向左，在左边”n“左边”adj“左边的”v.“离开”（leave 的过去式和过去分词）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 5 页学习必备欢迎下载eg: The little boy is sittin
11、g on my left. I left my homework at home. 7、go past the bookstore(P18) go past “经过”相当于pass，其中 past为介词，“从 旁边过去”eg: The train went past us without stopping at the station. past“从 旁边经过”，表示时间上的“超过”或空间上的“经过”eg:The man is walking past a shop. over“从 上方跨越而过” ，表示动作发生在物体的上方eg: There is a bridge over the rive
12、r. across“横穿、越过” ，表示动作是在某一个物体的表示进行的，强调从一端到另一端eg:The little boy is walking across the road. through“穿过，越过” ，表示动作是在某一空间内进行的，强调从内部穿过eg: He can go through the forest by himself. 8、Nine thirty, so you don t need to rush!(P18)rush 此处用作不及物动词， “仓促、急促” ，也可用作及物动词。常用短语：rush to do sth eg: He sprang up and rushe
13、d to the door. She s always rushing to finish first. rush 用作名词时“匆忙、高峰”，常用短语： in a rush rush hour 9、I suggest Water City Restaurant in Water World.(P19) suggest及物动词“建议、提议”名词形式：suggestion.其用法为：suggest sth“建议某事”eg: He suggested a walk. suggest doing sth“建议做某事”eg: She suggested going there by bike. sugg
14、est + that 引导的宾语从句，这时宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用 （should ）+ 动词原形eg: He suggested that we should do it at once. 10、 On their way to Water City Restaurant, Alice and He Wei pass by Uncle Bob s.(P19)1)on one s way to .“在某人去 的路上”eg: Yesterday I met a friend of mine on my way to school. 常见的与way 相关的短语有：by the way 顺便
15、说一下in a way 在某种程度上in the way 挡路，妨碍精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 5 页学习必备欢迎下载in this way 通过这种方法lose one s way 迷路2）Uncle Bob s = Uncle Bob s restanrant,当名词所有格限定的是表示住宅、诊所、 商店等名词时，该名词通常可以省略。eg: They are at the doctor s(office). He is going to his aunt s(house) this Sunday. 11、 It s
16、 always busy, so come a little earlier to get a table.(P19)a little earlier “早一点儿” ,其中 a little 在句中修饰比较级earlier.在形容词比较级前常用much, a little, a bit, even, still等来修饰，表示程度进一步加深。eg: I have much more homework than him. He is even busier today. 12、 Sally needs to mail a letter.(P20)mail 此处用作及物动词， “邮寄”，相当于动词p
17、ost，还可意为“发店子邮件”。其后可以跟双宾语，构成短语：mail sb sth = mail sth to sb Eg: Please mail this letter to your father. mail 用作不可数名词， “邮件、信件” ，合成词有：e-mail 电子邮件，airmail 航空邮件eg: Whe he got to the office, he found a lot of mail waiting for him. 13、 Ben is wondering if there s a bank in the shopping center.(P20)shopping
18、 center 购物中心。动名词shopping 在此处作定语，修饰后面的名词。动名词常置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途或者性能。eg: a swimming pool = a pool for swimming a waiting room = a room for waiting 14、 fascinating(P21)fascinating adj“迷人的、有吸引力的” ，通常用作表语和宾语，作表语时，主语通常是物。eg: Your ideas are fascinating. fascinate vt. “使 着迷、使 感兴趣”eg: The toys in the shop
19、window fascinated the children. fascination cn. & un “魅力、极大的吸引力”eg: Chinese art has a great fascination for me. fascinated adj“着迷的”，主语通常是人eg: I used to be fascinated with dinosaurs. 15、 inexpensive(P21)inexpensive adj“不贵的”，同义词为cheap,反义词为expensive / dear, 1)在一个单词的前面货后面加上一个词缀构成新词，这种构词法叫做派生法。加在单词前的精选学习
20、资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 5 页学习必备欢迎下载词缀叫前缀， 加在单词后的词缀叫后缀。前缀一般不引起词性的转变，而只是引起意思上的变化。 expertinexpert 不熟练的； completeincomplete 不完善的； possibleimpossible 不可能的。2)英语中常见的前缀有：dislike, disagree, impossible, impolite, unable, unlike, unhappy, unhealthy 注：陈述句中如果有带否定词缀的单词，整个句子仍视为肯定句，反义疑问句中的附
21、加疑问部分用否定形式。Eg: She is unhappy, isn t she? 16、 convenient(P21)convenient adj“方便的、便利的” ，常用句型： It s convenient for sb to do sth eg: It s convenient for us to do that. convenience n. “方便、便利、有用的设施”既可作可数名词、也可作不可数名词eg: I keep my books near my dest for convenience. The house has all the modern conveniences. 17、 safe(P21) safe adj“安全的” 常用作表语。 be safe后面一般接动词不定式，常构成句型： It s (not) safe to do sth“做某事是（不）安全的”；safe from 后接表示危险、危害等的名词，意为“不要受到.的伤害”eg: It s not safe to swim alone in the river. You will be safe from danger at home with your parents. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 5 页