《小升初英语必考知识点汇总：小升初英文必背知识点汇总40条.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《小升初英语必考知识点汇总：小升初英文必背知识点汇总40条.pdf（9页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、小升初英语必考知识点汇总：小升初英语必考知识点汇总：小升初英文必小升初英文必背知识点汇总背知识点汇总 4040 条条小升初英语考试中一些语法及知识点是必背和必考的，小升初英语考试中一些语法及知识点是必背和必考的， 小磊哥历经一个星期汇总小磊哥历经一个星期汇总了了 4040 条关于小升初的英语知识，一定可以对孩子的小升初考试有很大的帮助！条关于小升初的英语知识，一定可以对孩子的小升初考试有很大的帮助！1.1.现在进行时现在进行时表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作，常与表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作，常与now,listen,looknow,listen,look 等词连用，结构等词连用，结构是主语是
2、主语+be+be 动词动词(am, is, are)+(am, is, are)+动词动词 ing.ing.如：如：It is raining now.It is raining now.It is six oIt is six oclock now. My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.clock now. My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.Look! The children are having a running race now.Look!
3、 The children are having a running race now.Listen! Who is singing in the music room.Listen! Who is singing in the music room.问句将问句将 bebe 动词移前，否定句在动词移前，否定句在 bebe 动词后动词后+not.+not.2.2. 一般现在时一般现在时表示经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与表示经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与often, usually, sometimes,often, usually, sometimes,always, every day(wee
4、k yearalways, every day(week year) on Sundays) on Sundays等词连用。结构是主语等词连用。结构是主语+ +动词原形；当主动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即语为第三人称单数即 he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boyhe,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时，动词后加等词时，动词后加 s s 或或 es.es.如：如：We have an English lesson every day.We have an English lesson every day.My brother
5、often catches insects at the weekends.My brother often catches insects at the weekends.Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.Ben doesnBen doesnt do well in PE.t do well in PE.问句借助于问句借助于 do, doesdo, does 否定句借助于否定句借助于 dondont, doesnt, d
6、oesnt t，后面动词一定要还原。，后面动词一定要还原。3.3. 一般过去时一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与just now; a moment ago;just now; a moment ago; ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morningago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词等词连用，结构是主语连用，结构是主语+be+be
7、动词的过去式（动词的过去式（was; werewas; were）或主语）或主语+ +动词的过去式。注意：动词的过去式。注意：bebe 动动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。词与动词过去式不可同时使用。如：如：My earphones were on the ground just now.My earphones were on the ground just now.Where were you last week? I was at a camp.Where were you last week? I was at a camp.What did you do yesterday? I vis
8、ited a farmWhat did you do yesterday? I visited a farm问句有问句有 bebe 动词将动词将 bebe 动词移前，没有动词移前，没有bebe 动词借助于动词借助于 diddid，后面动词还原；否定句有，后面动词还原；否定句有bebe 动动词在后面加词在后面加 notnot，没有借助于，没有借助于 didntdidnt 后面动词还原。后面动词还原。4.4. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将要打算发生的事情或动作，常与表示将要打算发生的事情或动作，常与tomorrow, next week(year;tomorrow, next week(year;T
9、uesdayTuesday), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon; )today)today 等词连用。等词连用。 结构是主结构是主语语+be(am, is, are) going to +be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语动原或主语+will +will +动原。动原。如：如：What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.What are you going
10、 to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.My sister is going to play the piano at the concert.My sister is going to play the piano at the concert.The children are going to have a sports meeting next week.The children are going to have a sports meeting next week.Tom will/is going to see a play wit
11、h his father this evening.Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.问句将问句将 bebe 动词或动词或 willwill 移前；否定句在移前；否定句在 bebe 动词或动词或 willwill 后加后加 not.not.5.5. 情态动词情态动词 can; cancan; cant; should; shouldnt; should; shouldnt; must; mayt; must; may后一定加动词原形。后一定加动词原形。如：如：TheThegirl cangirl cant
12、swim, but he cant swim, but he can t talk in class, you should listen to the teachert talk in class, you should listen to the teachercarefully.carefully.6.6. 肯定祈使句肯定祈使句以动词原形开头；以动词原形开头； 否定祈使句否定祈使句以以 dondon t t 加动词原形开头。加动词原形开头。 如：如： Open the boxOpen the boxfor me ,please.for me ,please.请为我打开盒子。请为我打开盒子
13、。 Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.刘涛，刘涛，明天请早点起床！明天请早点起床！DonDont walk on the grass!t walk on the grass!不要在草地上走！不要在草地上走！Helen! DonHelen! Dont tclimb the tree,please.climb the tree,please.海伦！不要爬树。海伦！不要爬树。7.7. 去干嘛用去干嘛用 go +go +动词动词 inging 如如: go swimming;
14、go fishing; go skating; go camping;: go swimming; go fishing; go skating; go camping;go running; go skiing; go rowinggo running; go skiing; go rowing前用比较级；前用比较级；asasasas 之间用原级。之间用原级。如：如：My mother is two years younger than myMy mother is two years younger than myfather.father.我妈比我爸年轻两岁。我妈比我爸年轻两岁。 Liu
15、 Tao jumps as far as Ben.Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.刘涛跳得和本一样远。刘涛跳得和本一样远。9.9. 喜欢做某事用喜欢做某事用 like +like +动词动词 inging 或或 like+ to +like+ to + 动原。动原。如：如： Su Yang likes growingSu Yang likes growingflowers.flowers.苏阳喜欢种花。苏阳喜欢种花。 The children like toThe children like toplay with lanterns at Spring Festival
16、.play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。10.10. 想要做某事用想要做某事用 would like +to+would like +to+动原或动原或 want + to +want + to +动原。动原。I Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum.d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum.11. s
17、ome11. some 用于肯定句中，用于肯定句中，在否定句和问句中改为在否定句和问句中改为any,any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用如：但当表示委婉语气时仍用如：Can ICan Ihave some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?12.12.人称代词主格人称代词主格做主语用，一般放在句首或动词前，主格分别是做主语用，一般放在句首或动词前，主格分别是 I you he she it we youI you he sh
18、e it we youtheythey。宾格宾格做宾语用，一般放在动词或介词后如：做宾语用，一般放在动词或介词后如：Open them for me.Open them for me.Let usLet us , join me, join me 等。宾格分别是等。宾格分别是 me you him her it usme you him her it usyou themyou them。 形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词放在名词前，放在名词前， 不能单独使用，不能单独使用， 分别是分别是my your his her its ourmy your his her its ouryour th
19、eiryour their。名词性物主代词名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词，相当于形物加名词，它只能单独使用后面不好加名词，它只能单独使用后面不好加名词，分别是分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirsmine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。13.13. 介词后介词后要么不加动词，要么不加动词， 加动词只能加加动词只能加动词动词 inging 形式，形式， 如：如： be good at running; do wellbe good at running; do wellin jumping;in jum
20、ping;14.14. 季节前，月份前用介词季节前，月份前用介词inin，如：，如：in summerin summer；in Marchin March，具体的哪一天如星期几，几具体的哪一天如星期几，几月几日用介词月几日用介词 onon 如：如：on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesdayon Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesdaymorningmorning, ,在几点钟前用介词在几点钟前用介词 atat 如：如： at a quarter to four;at a quarter
21、to four; 只在上下午晚上用只在上下午晚上用 inin 如：如：ininthe morning/ afternoon/ evening;the morning/ afternoon/ evening; 但在夜间用但在夜间用 at nightat night。另：。另：季节，月份和星期前不季节，月份和星期前不好加好加 the.the.15.15. 名词复数名词复数构成的方法有规则的有构成的方法有规则的有(1)(1)直接在名词后加直接在名词后加 s s 如如 orangeorangeoranges; photooranges; photophotos;(2)photos;(2) 以以 x,
22、s, sh, chx, s, sh, ch 结尾的加结尾的加 eses 如：如：boxboxboxes; glassboxes; glassglasses; waitressglasses; waitresswaitresses;waitresses;watchwatchwatches;peach-peaches(3)watches;peach-peaches(3) 以辅音字母加以辅音字母加 y y 结尾的改结尾的改 y y 为为 i i 加加 eses 如：如：studystudystudiesstudies；librarylibrarylibraries; hobbylibraries;
23、hobbyhobbies; familyhobbies; familyfamilies;(4)families;(4)以以 f, fef, fe结尾的结尾的改改 f, fef, fe 为为 v veses 如：如：knifeknifeknives; thiefknives; thiefthievesthieves（注（注: :以以 o o 结尾的我们学过的只有结尾的我们学过的只有mangomango 加加 es, mangoes, mangomangoesmangoes 其余加其余加 s, s,）不规则的有：不规则的有：manmanmen; womanmen; womanwomen; peop
24、lewomen; peoplepeople; childpeople; childchildrenchildren16.16. 动词第三人称单数动词第三人称单数的构成的构成(1)(1)直接在动词后加直接在动词后加 s s 如：如：runrunruns;runs;dancedancedances(2)dances(2)以以 s,sh,ch,os,sh,ch,o 结尾的加结尾的加 eses 如：如：dododoes;godoes;gogoes;washgoes;washwashes;catchwashes;catchcatches (3)catches (3)以辅音字母加以辅音字母加 y y 结尾
25、的改结尾的改 y y 为为 i i 加加 eses 如：如：studystudystudies;studies;carrycarrycarries;carries;17.17. 现在分词现在分词的构成的构成(1)(1)直接在动词后加直接在动词后加 inging 如：如：singsingsinging;singing;skiskiskiing;(2)skiing;(2)双写词尾加双写词尾加 inging 如：如：swimswimswimming;swimming;jogjogjogging;runjogging;runrunning;(3)running;(3)以不发音的以不发音的 e e 结尾
26、的去结尾的去 e e 加加 inging 如：如：riderideriding;riding;dancedancedancing; makedancing; makemaking;making;18.18. 规则动词过去式规则动词过去式的构成的构成(1)(1)直接在动词后加直接在动词后加 eded， 如：如： cleancleancleaned; milkcleaned; milkmilked;milked;playplayplayed;(2)played;(2)以以 e e 结尾的直接加结尾的直接加 d d 如：如：dancedancedanced; tastedanced; tasteta
27、sted;(3)tasted;(3) 以辅音以辅音字母加字母加 y y 结尾的改结尾的改 y y 为为 i i 加加 eded 如：如：studystudystudied;carrystudied;carrycarried;(4)carried;(4)双写词尾加双写词尾加 eded如：如：stopstopstopped; jogstopped; jogjogged;jogged;不规则的有不规则的有 am,isam,iswas; arewas; arewere; do,doeswere; do,doesdid; have,hasdid; have,hashad; gohad; gowent;w
28、ent;meetmeetmet; sitmet; sitsat; seesat; seesaw; getsaw; getgot; tellgot; telltold; runtold; runran; comeran; comecame;came;stealstealstole; readstole; readread;read;19.19.形容词副词比较级形容词副词比较级的构成规则的的构成规则的(1)(1)直接在形容词或副词后加直接在形容词或副词后加erer 如；如；smallsmallsmaller;smaller;lowlowlower;(2)lower;(2)以以 e e 结尾的加结尾
29、的加 r r 如：如： latelatelarer;(3)larer;(3)双写词尾加双写词尾加 erer 如：如： bigbigbigger; thinbigger; thinthinner; fatthinner; fatfatter;(4)fatter;(4) 以辅音字母加以辅音字母加 y y 结尾的改结尾的改 y y 为为 i i 加加 erer 如：如：heavyheavyheavier;heavier;earlyearlyearlier;earlier;不规则的有：不规则的有：good, wellgood, wellbetter(better(最高级为最高级为 best); man
30、y, much- more(best); many, much- more(最高级为最高级为most); far-farther;most); far-farther;与与snowsnow的用法的用法(1)(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词如：作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词如： There is a lot of rain thereThere is a lot of rain therein spring.in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。那儿的春天有很多雨水。(2)(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪，有四种形式分别是作为动词意思是下雨和下雪，有四种形式分别是动词原形动词原
31、形 rainrain； snowsnow，第三人称单数，第三人称单数 rainsrains ；snowssnows，现在分词，现在分词 rainingraining； snowingsnowing和过去式和过去式 rainedrained； snowed;snowed;如：如：Look! ItLook! Itis raining now.is raining now. 瞧！天正在下雨。瞧！天正在下雨。It often rains in Nantong in summer.It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天南通夏天经常下雨。经常下雨。 It rain
32、ed yesterday.It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。昨天下了雨。 It is going to rain tomorrow.It is going to rain tomorrow. 明明天要下雨。天要下雨。 (3)(3)形容词为形容词为rainyrainy 和和 snowysnowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的如：意思是有雨的和有雪的如： It is often rainy hereIt is often rainy hereininspring.spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。这儿的春天经常是有雨的。If it is rainy tomorrow, IIf it
33、is rainy tomorrow, Ill stay at home.ll stay at home.如果明如果明天是有雨的，我将呆在家里。天是有雨的，我将呆在家里。21.21. 比较级时注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。比较级时注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。如：如：My eyes are bigger than hers.My eyes are bigger than hers.Your school bag is heavier than mine. My computer is nicer than NancyYour school bag is heavier than mine. My
34、 computer is nicer than Nancys. Mys. Mybrother is stronger than me.brother is stronger than me., has, has 表示某人有表示某人有(has(has 用于第三人称单数用于第三人称单数) )；There is/ are;There is/ are;There was/ wereThere was/ were 表示某地存在有表示某地存在有，注意，注意 There beThere be 句型的就近原则，单数或不可数用句型的就近原则，单数或不可数用there is /was;there is /was;
35、 复数用复数用 there are/ were.there are/ were.23.23. 眼镜眼镜 glasses;glasses; 耳机耳机 earphones;earphones; 鞋鞋 shoes;shoes;裤子裤子 trouserstrousers 等词本身是复数。等词本身是复数。如：如：MyMyglasses were on the chair just now.glasses were on the chair just now.但如果表示这双，这副，一双的时候用单数如：但如果表示这双，这副，一双的时候用单数如：There is a pair of chopsticks on
36、 the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.24.24. 五个元音字母分别是五个元音字母分别是Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;用于辅音前不是辅音字母前；用于辅音前不是辅音字母前； anan 用于元音前不是元音字母前。用于元音前不是元音字母前。 如：如： There is anThere is an s s , a, at t , ,a a u u,
37、a, a d d ,an,an e e, an, an n n,and a,and a t t in the wordin the word studentstudent. .26.26. 时间表示法时间表示法有两种有两种(!)(!)直接读时钟和分钟。如直接读时钟和分钟。如 6:106:10 读成读成 six ten;six ten;7:307:30 读成读成 seven thirty; 8:45seven thirty; 8:45读成读成 eight forty-five;(2)eight forty-five;(2)用用 toto 与与 pastpast 表示。在半小时包表示。在半小时包括
38、半小时以内用几分括半小时以内用几分 pastpast 几点如：几点如：6 6：1010 读成读成 ten past six; 7:30ten past six; 7:30读成读成 half past seven;half past seven;过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分，过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分， 如如 7 7： 4545 读成读成 a quarter to eight; 9:50a quarter to eight; 9:50读成读成 ten to ten;ten to ten;27.27. 基数词变序数词的方法基数词变序数词的方法： 基变序有规律，基变序有规律， 结尾加上结尾加上 t
39、h;th; 一二三特殊例，一二三特殊例， 结尾字母结尾字母 tdd(tdd(即即first, second, third);first, second, third); 八去八去 t t， 九去九去 e e， veve 要用要用 f f 替（即替（即 eigheigheighth; nineeighth; nineninth;ninth;five- fifth ;twelvefive- fifth ;twelvetwelfthtwelfth）；）；tyty 改改 y y 为为 ieie 后加后加 thth 别忘记别忘记( (即整十数如即整十数如 twentytwentytwentiethtwe
40、ntieth；fortyfortyfortieth);fortieth);几十几十位为基个位为序（如第二十一为几十几十位为基个位为序（如第二十一为twenty-firsttwenty-first）。）。另外强调序数词前一定要加另外强调序数词前一定要加thethe。28.28. 日期的表示法用日期的表示法用 the+the+序数词序数词+ of + of +月月如三月三日如三月三日 the third of March; 12the third of March; 12月月 2525 日日the 25th of December.the 25th of December.表示两者都表示两者都，
41、如：如： My parents are bothMy parents are both 表示三者以上都如：表示三者以上都如： The students are all veryThe students are all veryexcited.excited.30.30. 有有 dayday 的节日前用的节日前用 on.on. 没有没有 dayday 的节日前用的节日前用 at,at, 如：如：at Christmas; on Christmasat Christmas; on ChristmasDay; at New Year; on New YearDay; at New Year; on
42、New Years Day.s Day.表示激动的，表示激动的，兴奋地主语是人；兴奋地主语是人；excitingexciting 表示令人激动的，表示令人激动的，令人兴奋的主语是事情令人兴奋的主语是事情如：如：TheTherunning race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.赛跑非常令人激赛跑非常令人激动，因此所有的学生都很激动。动，因此所有的学生都很激动。32.32. 两者比较
43、用比较级，两者比较用比较级， 三者以上比较用最高级三者以上比较用最高级如：如： Who runs faster, the boy or the girl?Who runs faster, the boy or the girl?The boy does.The boy does.谁跑得更快，男孩还是女孩？男孩。谁跑得更快，男孩还是女孩？男孩。Which season do you like best? IWhich season do you like best? Ilike autumnlike autumnbest.best.你最喜欢哪个季节？我最喜欢秋天。你最喜欢哪个季节？我最喜欢秋天。
44、Which season do youWhich season do youlike better, summer or winter? I like winter better.like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.你更喜欢哪个季节，夏天还是冬你更喜欢哪个季节，夏天还是冬天？我更喜欢冬天。天？我更喜欢冬天。33.33. 前面用了前面用了 do, does did, dondo, does did, dont, doesnt, doesnt didnt didnt t 后面动词要还原。后面动词要还原。如：如：Did sheDid
45、 shewatch TV last night?Helen doesnwatch TV last night?Helen doesnt like taking photos.t like taking photos.34.34. 到达用到达用 get toget to，但注意到家，到这儿，到那儿不可以加，但注意到家，到这儿，到那儿不可以加toto，如：如：get home; get here; get there,get home; get here; get there, 另外另外 go home; come here; gogo home; come here; gotherethere
46、也一样。也一样。35.35. 长着什么用长着什么用 withwith 如：如：the girl with big eyesthe girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩；穿着什么用大眼睛的女孩；穿着什么用inin 如：如：thetheman in blackman in black 穿黑衣服的男人或穿黑衣服的男人或 the woman in the white skirtthe woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女穿白色短裙的妇女36.36. 让某人做某事用让某人做某事用 let sblet sb 后加动词原形后加动词原形如：如：LetLets wat
47、er the flowers together.s water the flowers together.是该是该做的时候了用做的时候了用 It Its time for+s time for+名词或名词或 It Its time to +s time to +动原。帮助某人做某事是动原。帮助某人做某事是help sbhelp sbwith sthwith sth 如：帮我学英语是如：帮我学英语是 help me with my Englishhelp me with my English37.37. 外来的东西在树上用外来的东西在树上用 in the treein the tree如：如：t
48、he bird in the tree;the bird in the tree; 树上长的用树上长的用 on the treeon the tree如：如：the apples on the treethe apples on the tree38.38. 球类之前不好加球类之前不好加 the;the; 乐器之前必须加乐器之前必须加 thethe 如：如：play the piano; play footballplay the piano; play football39.39. 一周中的第一天是一周中的第一天是 Sunday;Sunday; 一年中的第一个月是一年中的第一个月是JanuaryJanuary。后加比较级表示变得更怎么样后加比较级表示变得更怎么样如：如：get stronger;get stronger;get longerget longer