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1、知识点大全Unit 5 Films(B) 一、教学内容：9A Unit 5 Grammar 二、教学目标：1. 过去完成时2. 用 should , ought to , had better , have to and must 提建议3. 用 why not , why don t you and perhaps 提建议三 . 具体教学过程（一）过去完成时1. Structure(结构 )： had+p.p.(动词的过去分词)2. 过去分词的构成规则变化：1) 一般动词+ed cleancleaned believebelieved 2) 以 e 结尾的动词+d live lived us
2、eused raise raised 3) 以 “ 辅音字母 +y” y i+ed trytried cry cried studystudied 4) 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，双写辅音字母再加ed stopstopped shopshopped 不规则变化：1) 没有变化cutcut costcost letlet putput 2) 过去式、过去分词相同buyboughtbought build built built burn burntburnt catch caughtcaught fightfought fought 3) 原形与过去分词相同becomebecameb
3、ecome comecamecome runranrun 4) 无一点规律dodiddone give gavegiven fly flew flown 巩固练习：用过去完成时完成下列表格Verb Past perfect tense Verb Past perfect tense act help be open begin see bring sing 3. 过去完成时的概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“ 过去的过去（the past 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 7 页知识点
4、大全past ）” 。She had put most of her effort into ballet training before she entered the film industry. She had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar. 巩固练习：1) The train _(leave) before I got to the railway station. 2) We had breakfast after we _(do) morning exercise. 3) Miss Yang _(be) a
5、 typist before she moved to Shenzhen. 4) When we reached the cinema, the film _(begin). 5) We _(learn) two units by last month. 6) They _(be)to the USA ten times by the end of last September. 7) She _(finis h) her homework before nine o clock last night.与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（1）by + 过去的时间点。如：by 1990, by ye
6、sterday evening, by then （2）by the end of + 过去的时间点。如：by the end of last term （3）before + 过去的时间点。如：before 9:00 a.m 4. 过去完成时的句式1) 肯定句 :主语 +助动词had + 过去分词（ v.-ed）+其他。其中had 通用于各种人称。I had been here before he came here. 2) 否定句：主语+hadnt（had not） +v.-ed +其他I hadn t been here before he came here.3) 一般疑问句：Had
7、+主语 +v.-ed+其他？Had you been here before he came here? Yes, I had. No, I hadn t.4) 特殊疑问句 :特殊疑问词 +had+主语 + v.-ed ？What had she been before she became a Hollywood superstar? She had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar. 巩固练习 :句型转换：1) The party had begun when he arrived.( 改为一般疑问句）_ 2) I h
8、ad finished the competition by 8:00yesterday.( 对划线部分提问）_the competition? 3) They had worked for 10 years by the end of last year.( 改为否定句）。4) Had you reached the top of the hill before midnight?(否定回答）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 7 页知识点大全5. 完成时中常见的短暂性动词和延续性动词的转换如下： borrow keep，
9、 buy have， begin be on， finish be over， come/go/get to+地点 be in+地点， die be dead， leave be away， get to know know， join+ 组织 be in+组织或 be a+成员。 open be open close be closed1) I _ _ ( 买) the book for 10 days before you asked me to buy one. 2) His grandpa _ _ _ ( 死) for 3 years, before he went to colleg
10、e. 3) My mum _ _ _ ( 去) Shanghai for a week, before the school was over. 6. 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别）时间状语不同过去完成时在时间上强调“ 过去的过去 ” ，而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间They had arrived at the station by ten yesterday. ( 说明不到 10 点就在车站了）They arrived at the station at ten yesterday. 2）在没有明确的时间状语做标志时，谓语动词动作发生的时间先后需依据上下文来判断，先发生的用过去完成时
11、，后发生的用一般过去时Audrey Hepburn had also been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar. 3）当两个或两个以上的动作用and 或 but 连接时，按时间顺序只需用一般过去时代替过去完成时；另外在引导的从句中由于这些连词本身已经表示时间的先后，因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时He entered the room, turned on the light and read an evening paper. I (had) called her before I left the office. （二）用s
12、hould , ought to , had better, have to , and must 提建议1. should 和 ought to 用 should/ought to 可以表示 “ 劝说 ” 或“ 督促 ” ， 和 must 一样，但三者语气强弱不同。用 ought to 则语气上不那么坚定。用 should 语气比较肯定一些，说话人的主观信心要强烈一些。用 must 则在语气上最强烈。I ought to write to him today. We should protect the environment. You must do your homework. 2. m
13、ust 与 have to must 表示 “ 必须 ” ，侧重于说话人的主观意志。have to 表示 “ 必须 ” ，侧重于客观的需要，含有“ 不得不 ” 的意味。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 7 页知识点大全He must say it in English. (I want him to do.) He has to say it in English. (Because he doesn t know Chinese.) He must move the big box. (I am too busy to
14、help.) He has to move the big box. (He s got no one to help him.)3. had better ( 常缩写为 d better) ，是一固定词组，表示“ 最好 ” ，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。had better 后面加动词原形， 即 had better do sth.。 不论主语是第几人称， 句子无论是何种时态， had better的形式不变。有时简略地说成“better do sth.”。You d better put on the coat. It s cold outside.had better 的否
15、定形式为had better not do sth. 表示 “ 最好不要做 ” 。You d better not miss the last bus.You d better not play on the road. It s dangerous.反意疑问句：You had better get there on time tomorrow,_? You had better not play on the road, _? 对长辈说话时用：It might be better for youIt would be better for you （三）用why not , why dont
16、 you and perhaps提建议Why not ?/Why don t you ?这两种句型结构常用于说话人向对方提出一个建议，意思是“ 为什么不 ？” ；“ 你为什么不 ？”Why not ?/ Why don t you ? 后面必须跟动词原形。Why not go swimming?=Why don t you go swimming? Why don t you go out for a walk? =Why not go out for a walk?巩固练习：1.My mother was ill. I _ stay at home to look after her. A.
17、 must B. have to C. could D. can 2. _ go shopping with your father? That s a good idea. A. Why don t B. Why not C. Do D. Does 3. You _ give up smoking. A. would better B. had better C. would better to D. had better to 4. Why don t you _climbing with us tomorrow? A. to go B. going C. go D. goes 5. Ca
18、rs, buses and bikes _ stop when the traffic lights changes to red. A. can B. may C. must D. need 6. It s too hot. Perhaps you _ swimming this afternoon.A. must go B. should go C. may go D. can go 7. To make our hometown more beautiful, you _throw rubbish into the river. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳
19、总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 7 页知识点大全A. needn t B. mustn t C. must D. need 8. How interesting the news is! Why _ join us? A. won tB. no C. don tD. not 【模拟试题】 （答题时间： 30 分钟）*一、用所给动词的适当形式填空：1. How many English words _ you _ (learn) by the end of last term? 2. I _ (read) the book twice till yesterday. 3. He
20、_(learn) English before he came here. 4. When I got to the station, the train _ (leave). 5. By the time he was fourteen he _ (set) up a small chemistry lab for his son. 6. After I _(finish) doing my homework, I went to sleep. 7. They _(not read) three books by then. 8. Why didn t you see the film ye
21、sterday? Because I _ (see) it. 9. I received a letter from my friend. We _(not hear) from each other since 1987. 10._ he _ (know) anything before you told him it? 11. We _ ( learn ) 2000 English words since we came to this school. We_(learn)2000 words by last week since we came to this school. We _
22、( learn ) 500 words last term. 12. He _( end ) his project by next week. He_(end) his project by last week. 13. A: _he still _( do ) his homework when you _ ( get ) home yesterday? B: No, he _ already _ ( do ) it when I got home. 14. I _ (not realize) she wasn t Chinese until she spoke.二、完成下列句子：1. Y
23、ou look so tired. _( 你最好不要学习得太晚). 2. We_(我们应该每天保持教室整洁和干净). 3. _ (或许我们可以向朱老师求助). He is kind and helpful. 4. _( 你为什么不出去啊？) ？You should not study all the time. 5. _( 你得保持安静 ) while reading in the library. 6. 你最好呆在家里，休息一会儿。You and have a rest. 7. 晚上你最好不要独自一人外出。You alone at night. 8. 看电影的时候，你必须保持安静。You k
24、eep quiet while watching the film. 9. 12 岁以下的孩子不必买票。Children under 12 buy tickets. 10. 你必须买票进博物馆。You buy tickets to go into the museum. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 7 页知识点大全三、阅读理解（A）John is a paperboy. He delivers(投递 ) newspapers to different houses in his street every day. H
25、e has about 80 customers(客户 ). Half of his customers only take the newspapers on weekdays, and about half take the newspapers on weekends and on Sundays. Two of Johns customers only take the newspapers on Sundays. John has to get up at 4:30 every morning to deliver his newspapers. It takes longer to
26、 deliver the newspapers on Sundays. The Sunday newspapers are twice as heavy as those on weekdays. John is saving his money to buy a new bicycle. He is also saving money for college(大学 ). He has already saved 500 dollars. 1. John _ every day. A. reads books B. sells newspapers C. borrows books D. de
27、livers newspapers 2. How many customers does he have? A. About 40. B. About 120. C. About 80. D. About 20. 3._ of his customers only take the newspapers on Sundays. A. Two B. Eighty C. Forty D. Twenty 4. What time does he have to get up every morning? A.3:30. B.4:30. C.5:30. D.6:30. 5. John is savin
28、g his money to buy _ . A. a newspaper B. a new bag C. a house D. a new bicycle * （ B）Robert had just moved into the street and he felt strange and that he was not wanted. He knew that perhaps the other boys were trying to get an idea of what kind of a boy he was. This did not help to make him less l
29、onely. He was new and he had to be tested(考验 ). Still, proving( 证明 ) himself would not be all that easy. He did not want to run with bad boys or get into something against the law( 法律 ) to prove that he was strong .No! He must show what he was made of in a more helpful way. Thats when he got the ide
30、a. The next day was Saturday. He knew that most of the boys would be down on the playground and choose up sides for the Saturday game. Robert knew he could play well and that just might be enough to prove he was strongand to make friends with them. He arrived early and did his step exercises. He sho
31、t( 投掷 ) the ball several times and did some other exercisesthe most difficult and most wonderful in basketball. Then the boys came. Robert went through what he had done before the game and showed what he could do. No one said a word. The boys just looked at each other and thought about it. In the en
32、d, when it was all over, the biggest of the group just smiled and shook(摇, shake的过去式 ) his head. Robert knew he had made it. 6. What does “ This did not help to make him less lonely” mean?A. Robert felt more lonely because the other boys wanted to test him. B. Robert did no want himself to be less l
33、onely. C. Robert felt as lonely as before when the other boys tried to find out what kind of a boy he was. D. The other boys did not want to make Robert feel less lonely. 7. Why would it not be easy for Robert to prove himself? A. Because he was not sure if he was really strong. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - -
34、 - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 7 页知识点大全B. Because he was new and was not wanted in the street. C. Because the other boys had found out what kind of a boy he was. D. Because he must choose the best one among different ways. 8. When did Robert decide to prove himself by playing basketball? A. After
35、he had thought about the two wrong ways. B. Long before he moved into the street. C. When the other boys came down to the playground. D. As soon as he showed what he was made of in front of the other boys. 9. What did the biggest of the group mean by shaking his head? A. He did not want to say anyth
36、ing about what Robert had done. B. He had not thought Robert could play so wonderfully. C. He did not want to make friends with Robert. D. He did not think Robert played basketball well. 10. The name of the story should be _ . A. Three Ways to Prove Oneself B. Robert Is Lonely C. Just One of the Boy
37、s D. A Saturday Basketball Game 【试题答案】一、用所给动词的适当形式填空：1. had learned 2. had read 3. had learned 4. had left 5. had set 6. had finished 7. hadn t read 8. had seen 9. hadn t heard 10. Had known 11. have learned, had learned, learned 12. will end, had ended 13. Was, doing, got, had, done 14. hadn t real
38、ized二、完成下列句子：1. You d better not study too late.2. should keep our classroom tidy and clean every day. 3. Perhaps we should ask Mr. Zhu for help 4. Why don t you go out5. You ought to keep quiet 6. had better stay at home 7. had better not go out 8. ought to 9. don t have to10. must 三、阅读理解（A）1 5 D C A B D （B）6 10 C D A B C 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 7 页