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1、知识点大全Unit 1 Laughter is good for you 1.fun n. (U) 娱乐，快乐，嬉戏；滑稽，幽默；有趣的人或物；有趣，可笑(作定语 ) (P.2) 【拓展 】make fun of sb./sth. 取笑某人 / 某事物have fun (doing) 玩得开心 (=have a good time) (just) for fun / for the fun of it；(just) in fun 取乐，非认真地，当笑话funny adj.使人发笑的，好玩的；难以理解的，奇怪的；稍感不适的练习：1) 远足是很有趣，也很刺激，不过你不应忘了安全。Hiking is
2、_ _ _, but you shouldn t forget safety. 2) 孩子们在海边玩得真开心！_at the seaside! 3) 表演者通过取笑某人的着装方式、讲述有趣的故事，引我们发笑。The actors make us laugh by _somebody s way of dressing or telling an amusing story. 4) 很少有人喜欢在公众场合被人取笑。People seldom like _in public. 5) 我正在学做饭， 做着玩玩而已。I m learning to cook, _of it. 6) 怪事儿！她居然嫁给了
3、这么个黑人。It s _for her to marry such a black man. 2.humour n.幽默；诙谐；滑稽【拓展 】a story full of humour 妙趣横生的故事have a/no sense of humour 有/缺乏幽默感not see the humour in sth.不觉得某事好笑humorous adj.幽默的，诙谐的，滑稽的a humorous story 一个幽默故事a humorous face 一张滑稽的脸humorist n.幽默作家；谈吐诙谐的人练习：1)他没有多少幽默感。He hasn t got much of_. 2)刚才
4、我爷爷讲了一个妙趣横生的故事。_. 3)我们都知道，他是个缺乏幽默感的人。As we all know,_. 3.response n. 回答，答复；反应，响应【拓展 】make no response没有回答in response to(介词 ) 回答，响应(=in answer to=in reply to) respond v.回答；回应；反应；响应respond to sb./sth. with sth.用答复respond that 从句responsibility n. 责任；负责；任务take the responsibility for sth. 对负有责任responsibl
5、e adj. 须有责任的be responsible to(跟人 ) 向(某人 )负责be responsible for(跟物 ) 对(某事 )负责练习：1)A stand-up comedian can tell different jokes _ the reactions of an audience. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页知识点大全A. in answer to B. in response to C. in reply to D. A 、B and C 2) All pilots _ th
6、eir passengers safety. A. responsible for B. are responsible for C. are response for D. are responsibility for 3) 你应该对这起交通事故负责。He is responsible for the traffic accident. 4) 负责作研究工作的成员必须找到有关学校俱乐部和广告的信息资料。 Members responsible for doing research need to find information about school clubs and posters.
7、 5) 我问了他一个问题，可是他没有作出回答。I asked him a question but he made no response. 4.act vi. 做某事，采取行动； （在戏剧或电影中）演出；当演员【拓展 】act quickly 迅速行动act (the part of) sb.扮演某人act as扮演角色，充当，起作用act for 代表，代理act n. （戏剧中的）一幕；行为，举动；（立法机构所立的）法案，法令be/get on the act参与某种活动action n.行动；作用take action 采取行动out of action 发生故障；不工作active
8、adj.积极的；精力旺盛的be active in 积极参与activity n.活动；活力；活动性outdoor activities 户外活动actor n.（男）演员actress n.女演员练习：1)This kind of tea _ an aid to digestion( 消化 ). A. acts for B. acts as C. acts on D. act out 2)I ve been _ for several weeks with a broken leg. A. in action B. out of action C. taking action D. acti
9、on on 3)When they got the news from the front, they immediately _. A. made act B. give action C. took act D. took action 4)Mr. Hopkins will _ the manager in the talks with the Swedish delegation. A. be instead B. act out C. act for D. take place of5) 议会通过了一项法例，规定这些活动是非法的。Parliament has_, which makes
10、 such sports illegal. 6) 在 1964 年，通过了一项新的民权法案。In 1964 a new Civil Rights Act_. 5.hope n.& v. 希望hope to do sth.希望做某事hope for sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事hope that（用陈述语气）希望【拓展 】hopeful adj. 有希望的，有前途的wish 与 hope wish 与 hope 后都可接不定式。wish 后可直接跟名词、代词及其复合结构，不定式的复合结构，形容词、副词、分词等的复合结构，hope 不能。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - -
11、- 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页知识点大全wish 后跟宾语从句，宾语从句的谓语一般用虚拟语气，而hope 后的宾语从句的谓语用陈述语气。练习：1) 希望不久就能收到你的来信。_ 2) 我们希望你在我们班度过愉快的一年。_ 3) 希望你有机会再来中国访问。_you ll have a chance to visit China again. 4) 我们希望你能提出一些新想法。We are _come up with some new ideas. 5) 经过这段干旱天气以后，人人都盼望快点下雨。After this dry weather, everyone
12、_ to come soon. 6) 祝你旅行愉快/一路平安。_ 7) 他们希望他早日痊愈。_ 8) 我要是也在那儿和你们在一起就好了。How I wish_. 9)每个人都应对未来充满希望。Every one _ 6.award n. 奖品；奖状；奖金(P.3) 【拓展 】The Academy Awards 学院奖（奥斯卡金像奖）win/receive/get an award for sth. 因某事获得奖项award vt.颁发；授予；判给award sth. to sb.把某物颁发给 /判给某人辨析： award，reward 与 prize。(1) award 既可作名词也可作动词
13、，指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。(2) reward 既可作动词也可作名词，指对某人的工作或服务等的报答，也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金。(3) prize 为名词， 多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。练习：1)He got an award _ his good work. A. of B. for C. to D. on 2)The Curies were _ the Nobel Prize for their great contribut
14、ion to science. A. award ed B. offered C. sent D. supplied 3) He was given a(n) _ of $1000 for catching the criminal. A. award B. rewardC. prize D. scholarship 用 award/ reward/ prize 填空：4) He won the _for the best student of the year. 5) A _was given to the person who had the winning number. 6) He r
15、eceived a medal as a _for his courage. 7.silent /quiet /calm /still silent 沉默的，不出声的quiet 安静的，宁静的（没有任何干扰活动）calm 指人的心情平静；湖面，海面风平浪静精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页知识点大全still 不动的，强调静止的状态，可和等动词连用做表语。短语：keep /remain/stay silent about/on sth. 对保持沉默fall silent 安静下来a silent letter 不发
16、音的字母silence n. 寂静；沉默in silence 沉默地；静静地break the silence 打破沉默Still waters run deep.（谚语）静水流深（沉静或寡言者有丰富知识或强烈的感情）练习：1) As the curtain rose, the audience fell _. A. silent B. calm C. quiet D. still 2) Keep _ while I brush your hair. A. quiet B. still C. silent D. calm 3) The English Channel suddenly beca
17、me _ and flat. A. still B. quiet C. calm D. silent 4) He went out _ without saying anything. A. silently B. in silence C. silent D. A and B 5) 给你拍照时请别动。_ 6） 在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。_ 8.be good for 对有益；对适合be good to 对待某人好be bad for 对有害处be bad to 对不好be cruel to 对残酷be warm to 对热情be cold to 对冷谈be rude to/be imp
18、olite to 对有 /没有礼貌be good at 擅长于练习：1) The doctor, who was good _ me while I was in hospital, told me reading in bed was bad _ my eyes. A. to; for B. for; at C .for; to D. at; of 2) It s good _ your health to take regular exercise. I ll have a try. I m really good _ some sports like swimming. A. of; t
19、o B. for; at C. to; of D. at; of 3） 他做这工作很合适。_ 4) 这个海滨适于游泳但不适于冲浪。This beach _swimming but _surfing. 9.as if/ though就像似的，仿佛似的用法：1） 后接现在分词，过去分词，不定式或形容词等短语，实际上是一个省略结构。2） 引导的从句表示的情况如不是事实，谓语动词用虚拟语气。as if/though +that+ 从句+did/ were (表示于现在事实相反的愿望) + had done (表示于过去事实相反的愿望) + would/ could/might do( 表示于将来事实相
20、反的愿望) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页知识点大全练习：1） 他举起手好像要说什么似的。_ 2)他匆匆地走出屋子，好像很生气的样子。_ 3)那妇女发疯似的扑向小偷。The woman set upon the thief _as if she were mad. 4)The woman loves the child as if she_ (be) his mother. 5)The professor talks as if he _(work) with Tom for many years. 6)The
21、 headmaster talked as if all the students _ ( go) to university this year. 10. amuse vt. 使愉快；使高兴amusing adj. 愉快的，快乐的amusement n. 娱乐，消遣；娱乐活动练习：1） He was bored at home, so he began to _ himself by playing computer games. A. enjoy B. play C. amuse D. treat 2） 这个旅馆为住客提供了各种各样的娱乐活动。The hotel offers its gu
22、ests_11. entertainment n. 娱乐；招待；演出；供消遣的事物entertain vt. 宴客；招待，使快乐entertain sb. with sth. 用使某人快乐entertain sb. to sth. 宴请某人某物to the entertainment of 使高兴的是entertainer n. 表演者，艺人entertaining adj. 使人愉快的；娱乐的练习：1)The local _ are listed in the newspaper. Haven t you seen them? A. entertainments B. advertiseme
23、nt C. informations D. news 2) Bob and Jane _ us _ dinner last night in a big restaurant. A. entertained; with B. entertained; for C. entertainment; to D. entertained; to 12. cast vt/vi 投掷；抛；浇铸n. 演员表；铸型；投；抛cast aside 抛弃；消除，废除cast away 抛弃， 丢掉， 使船漂流， 船失事cast behind 疏远；把抛在脑后cast off 丢弃；脱掉（衣服）cast a glan
24、ce at向瞧了瞧choose the cast选派演员cast a vote 投票cast iron 铸铁，生铁练习：1)The chairman asked the members to _ their votes for or against the proposal. A. bid B. offer C. cast D. throw 2） I just _ _ _ _the headlines. 我只是看了看标题。13. enthusiastic adj.热心的；热情的精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页知识
25、点大全enthuse v.对-极为喜爱或热心enthusiasm n.热心，热情；热衷的事物enthusiast n.热心者，热情的人，爱好者enthusiastically adv. 热心地，狂热地with enthusiasm 热情地（作状语）be enthusiastic for/about/over 对-热情 /热心练习：1)大家热情支持一所新的中学。There is _a new high school. 2)他对那个决定不感兴趣。He showed little _the decision. 3)她满腔热情地唱起了国歌。She sang the national anthem_.
26、4)Among his many _ is a great fondness for music. A. habits B. friends C. enthusiasms D. jobs 14. take on 呈现，露出；雇佣；同意做（工作等）承担，接受take in 欺骗，愚弄take off 脱下（衣服） ； （飞机）起飞，匆匆离开take out 拿出，取出take over 接管，接任，承袭take part in 参加take photos 拍照take place 发生，进行take possession of占有，拥有take pride in 对-感到自豪take sth.
27、for granted 认为某事当然，想当然take the place of 代替，取代take turns 轮流take sth/sb for 把当作；误以为 take up 拿起；占据；开始从事某事练习：1)他脸上露出担忧的神情。His face _a worried look. 2)我们决定雇佣一个新职员。We decided _a new clerk. 3)她承担了一项新工作。She _a new job. 4)你别以为我那么容易上当。You won t _that easily. 5)她从北京大学毕业后，开始从事英语教学工作。She started_ English teachin
28、g_. 6)After he retired from office, Rogers _ painting for a while, but soon lost interest. A. took up B. saved up C. kept up D. drew up 7) Don t _ more work than you can do, or you will _. A. take over; break in B. take on; break down C. take over; break off D. take on; break in 8) My interest in su
29、rfing the Internet has _ most of my spare time, but it has repaid me a great deal of enjoyment. A. taken off B. taken down C. taken up D. taken away 15. cost n.费用，花费，价钱；成本；损失，代价，努力v.需付费，价钱为；使损失；估价at a cost of 以-费用at all cost/costs 不惜任何代价at any cost 在任何情况下，无论如何at cost 按成本，按成本价格练习：1)新的计算机系统已安装，花费为八万美元
30、。A new computer system has been installed _$80,000. 2)你必须不惜一切代价阻止媒体查出真相。You must stop the press from finding out the truth_. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页知识点大全3)他决心无论如何要争取胜利。He is determined to win_. 4)使用廉价劳动力有助于降低成本。The use of cheap labour helped to_. 5)这顿饭花了我们几乎40 美元。 _
31、. 6)那一差错几乎使他丧命。That one mistake almost_. 7)这项工程需要做详细的成本估算。The project _in details. 16. in order of importance/size 按重要性 /大小排列in proper/good/descending order 以恰当的 /好的 /递降的次序keep - in order 维持 -秩序place an order for sth / order sth. 订购，订货out of order 有毛病，出故障in order to do/in order that 目的是，以便为了- 练习：1)
32、一切手续必须按正确顺序办理。All the procedures must be done_. 2) 这些问题应按重要性顺序来处理。The problem should be solved_. 3) 他觉得难以维持课堂秩序。He finds it difficult to_. 4) 这本书我想订购十册。I would like to _ten copies of this book. 5) 这电话出毛病了。_. 6) 她早早到场，为了找个好位置。She arrived early_ get a good seat. 17. cross v. （使） -交叉；横穿；n. 十字架，十字形；adj.
33、 生气的，恼怒的crossly adv.生气地，恼怒地across prep.穿过cross out 划掉，删掉练习：1)我因他迟到而十分生气。I _him for being late. 2)请别发火，让我来解释一下。Please_. Let me explain. 3)“咳，你还想怎么着” ，她气愤地说。“ Well, what did you expect? ” she said_. 4)在你穿行马路前要看清没有车辆才过。Make sure there s no traffic before you_. 5)琼交叉着手臂。Jean_. 6)The man sat there talkin
34、g, with his legs _. A. crossed B. crossing C. to cross D. to be crossed 7) The river is too deep; we can t _ it. A. across B. through C. cross D. be crossed 18. go on 发生；进行go in for 爱好 -；参加go through 通过；经历；经受go with 与-协调go through with 完成go up 上涨；上升；攀登go off 离去；爆炸go against 违反；违背go ahead前进；好吧go over
35、 走过去；仔细检查；复习go across走过；经过go all out (to do) 全力（去做）go out 熄灭go down on one s knees屈膝下跪go after (a job, a prize) 追求（职位） ，争取（奖品）go down 下去； （船）下沉； （飞机）坠毁； （日，月）落下； （价值、数量）下降，降价精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 10 页知识点大全go about 到处走动；从事，着手做go for 进攻；冲向练习：1)我不知道外面正发生什么。I don t know_.
36、2)突然灯灭了。Suddenly the light_. 3)丈夫死后， 她经历了许许多多困难。She _a lot since her husband was dead. 4)老师让我们把功课再复习一遍。The teacher told us to_. 5)We d better try to _ with the experiment, I think. Now let s _ with it. A. go through; go on B. go on; go over C. go over; go through D. go on; go through 19. be stocked
37、with 备有stock sth. (with sth) 储备，储存练习：1） 你们有雨衣存货吗？_ 2） 这是一家备有最新款式的商店。This is a shop _the latest fashions. 3） He has a memory well stocked with facts. _ 20. annoyed (P.14) 恼怒的，气恼的，用来修饰人；annoying adj. 使恼怒的，使生气的，用来修饰物；be annoyed with sb. at/about sth. 因某事而和某人生气；be annoyed to do 因-而懊恼；be annoyed that -;
38、annoy vt. 使生气，使恼怒，打扰；annoyance n. 恼怒，使人烦恼的事；类似的词：exciting-excited; interesting-interested; tiring-tired; worrying-worried; satisfying-satisfied; frightening-frightened; moving-moved; scaring-scared; disappointing-disappointed, etc. 练习：我对他烦透了，因为他不停地打断我的话。I _ _ _ him because he kept interrupting me. 这
39、些苍蝇使我很恼火。These flies are _ me. 这个电影太恐怖了，大家都被吓坏了。The movie was so _ that everybody was _. 听那个令人厌倦的讲座我觉得很累。I felt _ when I was listening to the _ lecture. 21. wander (P.14) vt &vi 徘徊；离开；走神；蜿蜒曲折1） 一般做 vi 使用，后面常跟介词或副词结构，表示无目的地行走；2） 与 away, off 连用表示失散，离群；3） 表示心不在焉，胡思乱想。练习：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结
40、- - - - - - -第 8 页，共 10 页知识点大全我正在街上漫步，这时我遇到了她。I _ _ in the street when I saw her. 他神智恍惚。His mind is _. 22. tear (P.15) v 撕、扯； n. 眼泪，泪珠（pl.）常用短语：tear up（把某物）撕毁，取消合同；tear down 扯下来，撕下来，拆毁，拆除；tear to pieces 撕成碎片；tear sth. apart 把-撕成碎片；tear at 撕扯；tear off 迅速脱掉 ; tear sb. away(from) 依依不舍地离开某地，勉强停止做某事；tear
41、 into 猛攻，全力投入到练习：他想撕毁合同。He wanted to _ _ the contract. 她流着泪求他不要去那儿。With _, she begs him not to go there. 那个女孩太生气了，她撕掉了那些信回家去了。The girl was so angry that she _ _ the letters and went home. 那个男人迅速脱掉衣服，跳入河里去救那个小孩。The man _ _ his clothes and jumped into the river to save the child. 他虽然依依不舍，还是不得不离开晚会去赶末班
42、车回家。He had to _ _ _ from the party to catch the last bus home. 23. burst(P.15) vi. 破裂，爆发，突然发生；vt. 使破裂，使破口；n.（感情等的）爆发常用短语：burst forth 突然出现，突发；burst in upon sb.突然出现在某人的面前burst into tears=burst out crying; 突然大哭起来burst into +n.; 突然 -起来，闯入；burst into laughter=burst out laughing 突然大笑起来；burst out doing sth
43、. 突然 -起来；burst into angry speech. 大发雷霆；burst into view/sight （景观，奇观）突然出现；burst into song 突然唱起歌来；burst into bloom 开花练习：听到那个消息，她突然哭了起来。Hearing the news, she _ _ _. 昨晚有人闯入房间但没有带走任何东西。Last night the room _ _ _ but nothing was taken away. 我以为房间是空的，没想到打扰了他们。I _ _ _ them, thinking that the room was empty.
44、24. glare at 瞪眼看；对 -怒目而视，强调仇视对方；glance at 粗略地看，一瞥；强调瞬间的动作；look at 看着 -（一般用语） ；stare at 盯着看 -，是一种不礼貌的行为，表示由于吃惊、害怕、羡慕而登大眼睛，目不精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 10 页知识点大全转睛地注视；notice 强调“注意到” ； watch 强调“观看” ； see 强调“看”的结果练习：他们没有打架，只是站在那里怒目相视。They didn t fight, but stood there _ _ one a
45、nther. 盯着别人看是不礼貌的。It s rude to _ _ others. 在火车上，他看了一下车外的风景。He _ _ the scene outside the train while he was in the train. 25. hold out (P.15) 拿出，抵抗，不退让，维持，继续拓展：hold up 延误，耽搁，阻挡，使停顿；hold on 坚定，坚持， （打电话）不挂断；hold on to 抓住，不放手，不放弃拥有，不让出；hold back 阻止，抑制（眼泪等）hold to （使）坚持（原则、方向等），紧握；hold together 在一起，成为整体；
46、hold sb./sth. together 使结合在一起，使团结；keep hold of 握着 -，抓着 -；catch/get/take/seize/lay hold of 抓住，握住，获得-；lose hold of 松手放走 -，失去 -的线索；have a hold on/over 支配着，掌握着的要害；练习：我们的供应还能维持多久？How much longer can our supplies _ _? 新公路的建造由于天气不好而耽搁下来了。The building of the new road has _ _ _ by bad weather. 请稍等， Tom 马上来。_
47、 _, please, Tom is coming. (Hold on) The food is not much. Do you think how long it will _? A. hold on B. hold back C. hold out D. hold together We thought of selling this old book, but we ve decided to _ it. It might be valuable. A. hold on to B. keep up with C. turn to D. look after People have planted a great many trees in order to _ wind and sand in the desert. A. hold down B. hold up C. hold back D. hold out 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 10 页