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1、 Happy Spring Festival! Happy Spring Festival! 春节春节 The Spring FestivalThe Spring Festival 农历农历 lunar calendarlunar calendar 正月正月 lunar January; lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar the first month by lunar calendar 除夕除夕 New Years Eve; New Years Eve; eve of lunar New Year eve of lunar Ne
2、w Year 初一初一 the beginning of New Yearthe beginning of New Year 元宵节元宵节 The Lantern FestivalThe Lantern Festival 过年 have the Spring Festival 对联 poetic couplet; two successive rhyming lines in poetry 春联 Spring Festival couplets 买年货 special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping
3、 敬酒 propose a toast 灯笼 lantern: a portable light 烟花 fireworks 爆竹 firecrackers 红包 red packets (symbolize fortune andwealth in the coming year.) 舞狮 lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil andbring good luck.) 杂耍 variety show; vaudeville 灯谜 riddles written on lanterns 灯会 exhibit of l
4、anterns 守岁 staying-up 拜年 pay New Years call; give New Years greetings; New Years visit 禁忌 taboo 去晦气 get rid of the ill- fortune 祭祖宗 offer sacrifices to ones ancestors 金玉满堂： Treasures fill the home 生意兴隆： Business flourishes 岁岁平安： Peace all year round 恭喜发财： Wishing you prosperity 和气生财： Harmony brings
5、wealth 心想事成： May all your wishes come true 吉祥如意： Everything goes well 国泰民安： The country flourishes and people live in peace 招财进宝： Money and treasures will be plentiful 一帆风顺： Wishing you every success 步步高升： Promoting to a higher position 出入平安： Safe trip wherever you go 祝你新的一年快乐幸福: Wish you happiness
6、and prosperity in the coming year! 事业成功，家庭美满: Wish you success in your career and happiness of your family! 压岁钱 gift money; money given to children as a lunar New Year gift 辞旧岁 bid farewell to the old year 扫房 spring cleaning; general house-cleaning 团圆饭 family reunion dinner 年夜饭 the dinner on New Yea
7、rs EveThe Spring FestivalwThe Spring Festival, the Chinese New Year, starts with the New Moon on the first day of the new year and ends on the full moon15 days later. The 15th day of the new year is called the Lantern Festival, which is celebrated at night with lantern displays and children carrying
8、 lanterns in a parade. The Chinese New Year is now popularly known as the Spring Festival because it starts from the Beginning of Spring (the first of the twenty-four terms(二十四节气) in coordination with the changes of Nature). wThe Chinese New Years Eve and New Years Day are celebrated as a family aff
9、air, a time of reunion. Probably more food is consumed during the New Year celebrations than any other time of the year. Vast amounts of traditional food is prepared for family and friends.w In the north, steamed-bread and small meat dumplings (jiaozi) were the preferred food. The tremendous amount
10、of food prepared at this time was meant to symbolize abundance and wealth for the household. w In south China, the favorite and most typical dishes were nian gao, sweet steamed glutinous rice（糯米）pudding and zong zi (glutinous rice wrapped up in reed（芦苇）leaves), another popular delicacy.wOther foods
11、include a whole fish, to represent togetherness and abundance, and a chicken for prosperity. The chicken must be presented with a head, tail and feet to symbolize completeness. Noodles should be uncut, as they represent long life. wThe custom of putting up red paper and firing fire-crackers to scare
12、 away Nian (a monster beast )should it have a chance to run loose is still around. However, people today have long forgotten why they are doing all this, except that they feel the color and the sound add to the excitement of the celebration. Origin of Spring Festival w Chinas traditional festivals h
13、ave evolved through the centuries from past major events. For instance，long ago when people had a bountiful harvest, they gathered and celebrated their good fortune with gala performances. When natural disasters struck, they offered sacrifices to the gods and their ancestors, hoping for a blessing.
14、The change of the seasons, flowers in spring, and the bright moon in autumn could all arouse their longing for a more beautiful life. wThus, creative activities were held to signify these events. Gradually these activities developed into festivals. The most important festival in China is the Spring
15、Festival. It is said that the Spring Festival evolved from an activity known as the Winter Sacrifice. It was a custom practiced by the people of primitive society. As the cold winter began to recede and the warm spring was about to begin, the people of an entire clan gathered together. They brought
16、out their bounty from hunting, fishing and the field. They thanked the gods for the blessings of nature, including the mountains, rivers, the sun ,moon and stars; they thanked their ancestors. wThen they shared and enjoyed the sumptuous bounty of the land, sea, air and fields as they ate, danced and
17、 sang heartily. In the beginning, their activity had no fixed date. But usually it was held at the end of each winter. Gradually, through the years，it was celebrated at the end of the old year or the beginning of the new. With the changes and disintegration of primitive society, the form and content
18、 of the Winter Sacrifice also changed. Ultimately, it became a festival to bid farewell to the old year and welcome in the new year. So it came to be called the Spring Festival.wBACKwChinese New Year is always determined by the lunar calendar and each year is named for one of the twelve animals in s
19、equence.wThe animals, in their sequential order, are the rat, ox, tiger, hare, dragon, snake, horse, ram monkey, rooster, dog, and boar.wTraditionally, before the Chinese New Year comes, people thoroughly clean their homes to symbolically sweep away all traces of misfortune.wthe most impressive time
20、 was the New Years Eve when all the family members gathered for a big feast.wUsually at this time each dish has a symbolic meaning, and abundant food signifies good luck and prosperity.wDragon or lion dance: Especially in southern China, it is very popular of parade participants wearing costumes in
21、the form of a mythical creature, parison In America, New Year is celebrated on January 1. Its basically a time of celebration, parties, and most families have a big New Year dinner of ham and mashed potatoes on New Years Day. Then they watch football games. In China, Chinese celebrate New Year in la
22、te January or early February, which is called Spring Festival according to the lunar calendar. The celebration of Chinese New Year is much the same as the American one. Only in China Spring Festival is a big holiday, like Christmas in America. On the Chinese New Years Eve, family members will typica
23、lly gather together, making dumplings and watching a TV New Years program.The RequirementswOur Aim: Pass College English Test Band 4 Examination Next Termw1. Be confident, English learning is not a difficulty that you cant overcome.w2. Finish the assignments on time. This is basic for you to gain mo
24、re on class.w3.Youd better own a vocabulary book to extend your vocabulary.w4. Recite more passages,paragraphs, sentences, even phrases,be sure that its very useful for you to improving your writing.w5. Please keep in mind that English learning has no short-way. Hardworking and painstaking are the m
25、ost efficient ways for you to improve your English.1 1. Time works wonders. 2. Time tries truth. 时间创造奇迹。时间创造奇迹。时间检验真理。时间检验真理。 3. Time is the best healer. 4. Time and tide wait for no man. 时间是治愈创伤的良药。时间是治愈创伤的良药。时间不等人。（时不我待。时间不等人。（时不我待。） 5 .All time is no time when it is past.机不可失，时不机不可失，时不再来。再来。New W
26、ordsw1.budget:vt. The government has budgeted 10 million dollars for education spending.政府在预算中拨款一千万美元作为教育经费。 vi.If we budget carefully, well be able to buy a new car.如果精打细算，我们就能买一辆新车。 n.It is important to balance ones budget.使收支平衡十分重要。adj. There is a budget motel at the corner.拐弯处有一家收费公道的汽车旅馆。w2.acu
27、te:The president suffered acute embarrassment from this news.这一新闻使总统十分难堪。There is an acute shortage of water in this region.这个地区严重缺水.wcute:聪明伶俐的w3.restless: -less: suffix 附在名词或动词后,表示 “无” “没有”: doubtless, endless, careless, homeless, headlessw4.elbow: n-v. Head :向前,前进w foot: 踏在上 shoulder w5.abrupt:an
28、 abrupt attitude 无礼的态度 an abrupt change of policy 突然改变政策 an abrupt drop in oil prices 油价突降油价突降当我询问她的新工作时当我询问她的新工作时, 她对我态度非常粗鲁。她对我态度非常粗鲁。 When I asked her about her new job, she was quite abrupt with me.会谈突然结束。会谈突然结束。 The meeting came to an abrupt end.6.interaction: interact v. Inter-: prefix 在间,在内w7
29、.Convention:It is the convention for men to wear suits on formal occasions. 男子在正式场合穿西装是一种惯例。wHotels try to attract conventions because they bring a lot of business. 宾馆设法吸引各种会议，因为会议可带来大量生意。w8. assess:1. 估价 2.摊派wObtain:get,ownwPhrases:w1. result inhave as a result; causeresult from be caused byOur eff
30、orts resulted in success. 我们的努力取得了成功。vThe childs illness resulted from eating unclean food. w2. The story was nothing but lies. 这个故事只不过是一通谎言而已。w3. Please account for your conduct/act. 请解释你的行为。 John had to account to his wife for every penny he spent. 约韩不得不向妻子约韩不得不向妻子说明每一个便士是怎么花的。说明每一个便士是怎么花的。w4.He i
31、s constantly 4.He is constantly under pressureunder pressure and and it is affecting his health.it is affecting his health.他经常负担很他经常负担很重重, ,因而影响了健康。因而影响了健康。 w5. go with: Money does not always go with happiness. 有钱并不总是幸福。 Responsibility goes with becoming a father当了父亲责任就随之而来。. 6.work at: Ive been wor
32、king at my essay all day. 我整天都在不停地写文章。7.at hand:Remember to keep a note-book at hand all the time. 记住要随时带好笔记本。Her question was not related to the matter at hand. 她提的问题跟正在考虑的事情无关。她提的问题跟正在考虑的事情无关。8.in person:The winner will be there in person to collect the prize. 获胜者将亲自去那里领奖。获胜者将亲自去那里领奖。Language Poin
33、tsw1. . no one stands still. (Para.1) M: No one keeps motionless, everyone moves and advances. stand: link-v. keep or stay in a particular position or stateThe room stands idle. 这房间闲置着。 Stand firm - dont let them tell you what to do. 要坚定, 不要让他们对你指手画脚。 Still waters run deep. （谚）流静水深，人静心深。 Time seems
34、to stand still. The valley lay quiet and peaceful in the sun. w2. This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring. (Para.1) wM: As a result of this attitude, Americans tend to devote their time and energy to researching, experimenting and exploringw3
35、. Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor.(Para.1) the other being labor. The structure is: subject + -ing (or: -ed) verb. This type of clause can also be put at the beginning of the whole sentence.w= Time is one of the two elements that American save car
36、efully, with the other being labor.w4. We are slaves to nothing but the clock. Meaning: We are under the control of time only and nothing else (or: we are only dominated by time).slave to sth.: a person who is completely influenced or dominated by sth. w5. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it,
37、kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it. Meaning: We deal with time in various ways as if time were something of real value.wkill time: make time pass quickly by finding sth. to doWe killed time by playing cards. 我们用打纸牌来消磨时间。6. Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of
38、 each lifetime.（Para.2)Meaning: Many people have a very strong feeling that life is short (since time is a precious resource).w7. Once the sands have run out of a persons hourglass, they cannot be replaced. (Para.2) Means: Once time has passed, it will not return.w8. We want every minute to count. (
39、Para.2) Meaning: We want every minute to be put into good use (since it is precious). w9. restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others. Meaning: . impatiently trying to get service in a store, or pushing others out of the way by using their elbows .w10. Racing through daytime meals is
40、 part of the pace of life in this country.w Meaning: To eat their meals hurriedly during the day is part of Americans fast pace of life.w11. You also find drivers will be abrupt. (Para.3) Meaning: You also find drivers will not be nice in order to save time.w12. You will miss smiles, brief conversat
41、ions, and small exchanges with strangers. (Para.3)wMeaning: Smiles, short conversations, and small exchanges with strangers are common in daily life in your own country, but not in the United States. So if you visit this country you will feel sad because you will no longer experience or have them.w1
42、3. Dont take it personally. (Para.3) Meaning: Dont let it upset you because they are treating everybody this way or because they are not doing this to you in particular. w14. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk; . Meaning: Usually Am
43、ericans do not judge or evaluate their visitors in (a restaurant or coffee house which are considered) relaxed places through long, light conversations . w15. . much less do they take them out for dinner, or for around on the golf course. (Para.4) Meaning: .it is even less likely that Americans take
44、 their visitors out for dinner or to play golf . The old man can hardly walk, much less run. 这位老人几乎不能行走，更不用说跑了。ww16.Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly. (Para.4) Meaning: Since we in most cases evaluate our visitors and ask
45、them questions from a professional point of view instead of a social one, we start talking what is our concern very quickly (and there is no need in our eyes to spend time on small talk and the like). w17. Time is, therefore, always ticking in our inner ear Meaning: So we are always aware of the fac
46、t that time is precious and time is flying.w18. We produce a steady flow of labor-saving devicesMeaning: The things we produce for particular purposes are like a continuous river and they can help reduce the amount of effort needed; . w w19. especially given our traffic-filled streets. M: . especial
47、ly when we take into account our busy streets that are often full of traffic.w20. To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand. (Para.6) Meaning: When we communicate through electronic means, which may seem not involving huma
48、n feelings, it does not mean that we regard the matter under discussion unimportant. w21. In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. M: In some countries, important business must be carried out with eye contact, and through face-to-face
49、 conversation.w22. In America, too, a final agreement will normally be signed in person. (Para.6)wM: In America, too, when it is time to sign a final agreement, people who are responsible for it will meet to do thisw23. people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting teleconference
50、s to settle problems . (Para.6 Meaning: People are meeting more and more through television, holding teleconferences to solve problems.24.is definitely a telephone country. (Para.7) Meaning: . is definitely a country in which people use telephone very frequently w25. Unless a certain amount of time