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1、Unit 1单元检测卷(满分100分)一、 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AOn average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices (设备) and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017
2、TED Talk, Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology was making our brains tired.Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at social media puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains, is important for critical (有判断力的) think
3、ing, problemsolving and decisionmaking.So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature, Strayer claims, helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friend
4、s and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.Take Carl for example. He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It als
5、o prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both shortterm and longterm exposure to
6、 nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology did calm the brain and helped it to remember better. However, he found, it was the longterm contact with nature that did the most good. He and his research team found that spending three days in nature without any tec
7、hnology was enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.1. What is David Strayers opinion?A. Americans dislike outdoor activities.B. Electronic equipment should be quitted.C. New technologies are a doubleedged sword.D. Electronic equipment brings great convenience.2. Why does Strayer i
8、nsist we go outdoors?A. To try another lifestyle.B. To refresh our brain.C. To make better decisions.D. To play with our family and friends.3. What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean?A. Reborn. B. Memorable.C. Remarkable. D. Tiring.BLaura Sides was a psychology major at the University of N
9、ottingham in 2004. She first noticed signs of her dads developing dementia(痴呆) when she moved to Nottingham. She said, “Dad was a doctor, so he knew exactly what was happening to him, but people try to hide it when they are ill. Then, I came home for my 21st birthday and arranged to meet him, but he
10、 never showed up as hed forgotten. Thats when I knew something serious was happening.”So, aged 21, she decided to leave university and look after him herself. She lived close by, visiting him every day to make sure that he was eating, and that the house was tidy, before heading off to her work.Besid
11、es challenging moments, there were times when looking after her dad was a pure joy. “Wed wake up, Id ask what he wanted to do that day, and however ridiculous the adventure is, off wed go.”Sadly, in 2009, 5 years later, Laura lost her father. Before he died, Laura went to a hospital appointment with
12、 him, where doctors mentioned that his form of Alzheimers disease was genetic, meaning there was a fiftyfifty chance that she had inherited it. For several years Laura agonised over whether to be tested, finally finding out in August 2017 that she has the gene, meaning that, like him, she will devel
13、op the condition within a decade.At first, she struggled, feeling as if she lacked purpose. Then, during a sleepless night in the summer of 2018, she decided at around 2 am. to enter the 2019 London Marathon sponsored by the charities Alzheimers Society and Alzheimers Research UK.She hoped to start
14、the conversation around earlyonset Alzheimers and to encourage people to talk about it more openly. “I remember when Dad was ill, people wouldnt know how to react and it all felt very hidden away, but I want to be honest and open.” She added. “The more information we can get, the less of a taboo (忌讳
15、) we will feel. That said, the support Ive received so far after going public has been amazingthats what is carrying me through.”4. Laura noticed her fathers dementia when .A. her father told her his condition in personB. people nearby informed her of his fathers conditionC. her father forgot his ow
16、n birthday partyD. her father forgot her 21yearold birthday5. The underlined word “agonised” in Paragraph 4 probably means “ ”A. excited B. struggledC. shocked D. delighted6. Laura started the open talk in the hope of .A. getting people to talk about Alzheimers openlyB. earning some money to help tr
17、eat her AlzheimersC. making herself stronger to fight against AlzheimersD. raising funds for charities Alzheimers Society and Alzheimers Research UK7. Which words can best describe Laura?A. Caring and positive. B. Careful and honest.C. Patient and cautious. D. Devoted and modest.CI always wanted to
18、be extraordinary at something. I wanted to be bestinclass, aweinspiring, tiptop; a worldfamous genius, like Michael Phelps or Mark Zuckerberg.Unfortunately, my version of reality did not quite line up with this delusional vision. I was a good swimmer, but I peaked at the collegiate state championshi
19、ps level. My academic record was pretty solid, but I never would have made it into one of those ivyleague schools.Though I rose to aboveaverage status in a couple of areas, the disappointing truth was that I would never amount to anything more than a midsized fish in a small pond. God apparently had
20、 other plans.What drove me crazy, though, was the superstar talent thrown in my face at every turn. Some folks just seemed to get an unfair intensive dose (剂量) of it. Why couldnt I be like Bernie William, the worldclass jazz guitar virtuoso (大师)?Some say greatness is simply a function of putting in
21、the practice time. Around ten thousand hours, to be precise, according to author Malcolm Gladwell. I dont question the theory of devoting extraordinary efforts to developing ones expertise, but it seems that raw talent is equally important. You either have it or you dont.Ive heard that as people app
22、roach middle age, their life satisfaction increases because they begin to accept the gap between the expectations for themselves and the reality. After a few decades of frustration without the desired results, we eventually come to terms with how our lives turned out, even if it falls far short of o
23、ur idealized youthful expectation.Hope bends, it seems.8. What does the word “delusional” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Imaginary. B. Realistic. C. Abstract. D. Practical.9. In the passage, the writer thinks of himself as .A. a worldfamous genius B. a midsized fish in a small pondC. a worldcl
24、ass virtuoso D. a student in an ivyleague school10. According to the writer, what makes “greatness”？A. Extraordinary efforts. B. Ten thousand hours of practice.C. Raw talent. D. Talent and time.11. Which of the following might be the best title?A. Hope bends B. Frustrating decadesC. Practice works D
25、. Youthful expectationDSorry to say, our brains naturally start slowing down at the cruelly young age of 30. It used to be thought that this couldnt be helped, but people of any age could train their brains to be faster and, in effect, younger. Your brain is a learning machine. Given the right tools
26、, we can train our brains to act like they did when we were younger. All that is required is dedicated (专注的) practice: exercises for the mind.A scientist has developed a computerbased training schedule to speed up how the brain processes information. Since much of the data we receive comes through s
27、peech, the Brain Fitness Program works with language and hearing to improve both speed and accuracy. Over the course of your training, the program starts asking you to distinguish sounds (between “dog” and “bog”， for instance) at an increasingly faster rate. Its a bit like a tennis instructor, shoot
28、ing balls at you faster and faster over the course of the summer to keep you challenged. Though you may have started out slow, a month later youre pretty quick.The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly adaptable. If you ask your brain to learn
29、, it will learn. And it may speed up in the process. To keep your brain young, you can do one of a million new activities that challenge and excite you: playing pingpong or contract bridge, doing puzzles, learning new language or a dance, taking piano lessons, building model airplane, mastering gard
30、ening technique, discovering the secrets of beermaking and, sure, relearning advanced mathematics. Anything that closely engages your focus and is strongly rewarding will kick your brain into learning mode and will definitely improve it.12. Why did the author call our brain a learning machine?A. Bec
31、ause it works well at any age. B. Because it can be trained to be sharp.C. Because it helps you acquire knowledge. D. Because it can be used to store information.13. What are you asked to do during the Brain Fitness Program?A. Speak a language at a high speed.B. Tell apart words that sound similar.C
32、. List words that have the same meanings.D. Receive tennis balls thrown by an instructor.14. Which of the following best describes the learning process of the brain?A. Faster and faster. B. Hard and difficult.C. Tired but delighted. D. Easy but beneficial.15. What do we know from the last paragraph?
33、A. The function of the brain. B. Fitness program arrangement.C. Activities used to train the brain. D. Pleasure from different activities.二、 七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whats everyones favourite period? Lunch, what else?16 Especially if foods like pizza, or chee
34、seburgers (奶酪汉堡) are in front of you when youre most hungry. Here are some tricks to choose foods that will keep you focused and active throughout the day.17 If your school cafeteria provides a weekly or monthly menu, check it out. Knowing whats on the menu puts you in control. You can pick and choo
35、se when you want to buy lunch and when you want to bring your own.Head for the salad bar. 18 If youd rather pack, consider adding carrot sticks, a piece of fresh fruit, or purple cabbage to your lunch bag. Do remember not to put too much salad dressing. Take the energy into consideration.Some foods
36、are better choices than others for obtaining energy during the day. Choose lowfat foods, like chicken, beans, or lowfat milk products and add lots of fruits and vegetables to your meal. 19 Foods, like sugary snacks (小吃) or French fries, may give you a quick rush of energy, but its not lastingwhich m
37、eans youll be left wanting more soon after you eat.Stop for a snack. You cant concentrate without a wellfed mind and body. So take along a healthy snack, like carrot sticks, to fight hunger between classes. 20A. Get a copy of the menu.B. Make a menu for your school cafeteria.C. It can be hard to mak
38、e healthy choices.D. If your school offers one, take advantage of it.E. You may take away whatever you get interested in.F. It will keep you going and help avoid overeating when mealtime arrives.G. Theyll provide the minerals you need and the energy to get through the day.16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 三、 完形填空
39、(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)The teachers I know didnt expect how hard this remote teaching would be. There are so many 21 that arise: families not responding, students who cant 22 new platforms, and new platforms not doing what they are 23 to do. The list goes on.But thats 24 from the teachers point of view.
40、 Principals have to hear the teachers issues and deal with parents calling, trying to get their kids in the virtual classroom, getting 25 daily from the local government, finding devices for everyone, and much more.Our principal didnt 26 all this before the world turned upside down. Now, she is 27 i
41、t all, helping teachers, parents, and students, while solving what the district is implementing (实施). There are 28 nights and unbelievable 29.I 30 a little drive today from the staff building. We were all on the 31 today, and then drove through the local neighbourhood with signs on our 32， sounding
42、our horns and waving at our students in their yards and on their porches. I asked the staff to bring 33 for our principal: paper towels, hand sanitizer (洗手液), gloves, masks, and some other 34 things. Others brought wine and chocolate.We couldnt take all her 35 off her back, but we could show her tha
43、t we love and appreciate her.21. A. calls B. issues C. requests D. thoughts22. A. move off B. look after C. turn down D. get on23. A. supposed B. ordered C. permitted D. taught24. A. still B. even C. also D. just25. A. payments B. directions C. efforts D. lessons26. A. expect B. fear C. value D. sus
44、pect27. A. removing B. handling C. delaying D. treasuring28. A. sleepless B. hopeless C. aimless D. useless29. A. surprise B. annoyance C. stress D. trouble30. A. imagined B. found C. predicted D. organized31. A. spot B. road C. campus D. street32. A. hats B. suits C. cars D. bikes33. A. materials B
45、. items C. groceries D. instruments34. A. daily B. important C. valuable D. colourful35. A. positions B. beliefs C. goals D. responsibilities四、 语篇填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Researchers have discovered the people with the 36 (healthy) hearts in the world. The Tsiman people
46、 live in the Amazon basin of Bolivia and have almost no risk of serious heart disease because 37 their plantbased diet and high levels of physical activity. Besides 38 (have) a healthy heart, the Tsiman also have low blood pressure and low blood sugar. This 39 (mean) they are free of many of the dis
47、eases and conditions 40 kill hundreds of millions around the world. A study showed that an 80yearold Tsiman person had 41 same cardiovascular (心血管的) age as an American in his mid50s.The study on the Tsiman was published in the medical journal The Lancet. The study coauthor Dr Gregory S Thomas stated
48、, “This study suggests that some diseases could 42 (avoid) if people adopted some elements of the Tsiman lifestyle, such as keeping their blood pressure and blood sugar very low, not smoking and being 43 (physical) active.” He added, “It may not be possible for people in the industrialised world 44 (copy) the Tsima