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1、Book 8 Unit 2 Working the land Words & Phrases P15-20*Word transformation1. fertility n. 富饶，丰产 _ a. 肥沃的 fertilizer n. 肥料 fertilize vt. 使肥沃2. collaboration n. 合作，协作；合作成果 -_ vi. 合作 _ a. 合作的3. minimize vt. 降低；最小化 _n. 最小值 _ vt. 最大化 maximum n. 最大值4. boast v. 自夸，自吹自擂 _ a. 自夸的5. diagnose v. 诊断 _ n. 诊断 pl.
2、_ 6. simplify vt. 使简化，使简易 simplified a. 简化的 _ n. 简化7. irrigation n. 灌溉 _ v. 灌溉8. abundance n. 大量，充裕 _a. 大量的，丰裕的*Words &phrases1. collaboration n. （U/C）合作，协作;(C)合作成果collaboration (with sb) (on sth) collaboration (between A and B)合作；协作The government worked _teachers on the new curriculum.政府和教师就新的课程进行了
3、紧密协作。collaboration between the teachers and the government教师和政府间的合作-collaborate vi. 合作collaborate (with sb) (on sth) collaborate (with sb) (in sth/in doing sth)合作；协作We have collaborated _many projects over the years.这些年来我们合作搞了许多项目。She agreed to collaborate _him in writing her biography.她同意与他合作撰写她的传记
4、。Researchers around the world are collaborating to develop a new vaccine.2. minimize vt. 降低；最小化e.g. 戴口罩，勤洗手并且践行社交距离可以减少传播病毒的风险。_以后缀-ize结尾的动词还有：_3. diagnose v. 诊断 diagnose sb with/(as) be diagnosed with (as).The test is used to diagnose a variety of diseases.此项化验可用于诊断多种疾病。The soldiers _ 这些士兵被诊断为患了流感。
5、-diagnosis n. 诊断 An accuratediagnosis was madeafter a series of tests.准确的诊断是在一系列的检查后作出的。4. yield n. 产量；vt. 产生；放弃, 缴出 vi. 屈服，让步；弯曲a high crop yield作物丰收 a reduction in milk yield牛奶产量的降低 The research has yielded useful information.这项研究提供了有用的资料。He refused to yield up his gun.他拒绝缴枪。yield to sth./sb.=_ 屈服
6、，让步 He_ their demands.他不情愿地屈从于他们的要求。5. simplify vt. 使简化，使简易I hope his appointment willsimplify matters.我希望他任命以后事情会好办一些。a_ of the story for young children供小朋友阅读的故事简写本6. obstacle n. 障碍；阻碍；绊脚石 obstacle (to sth/to doing sth)_学历不足可能成为谋职的主要障碍。So far, we have managed to _that have been placed in our path.至此，我们已设法克服了设置在道路上的一切障碍。7. abundance n. 大量，充裕 in abundance (in large quantities)大量；丰盛；充裕Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island.该岛盛产水果和蔬菜。-abundant a. 大量的；丰盛的；充裕的 Fish _ the lake.湖里鱼很多。We have abundant evidence to prove his guilt.我们有充分的证据证明他有罪。2学科网（北京）股份有限公司