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1、20202020年高考英语专题训练年高考英语专题训练 阅读理解阅读填空七选五说明文阅读理解阅读填空七选五说明文 (一) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What Is Particulate Matter? There are things floating around in the air. Most of them, you cannot even see. They are a kind of air pollution called particles
2、 or particulate matter. In fact, particulate matter may be the air pollutant that most commonly affects peoples health. Have a Look. Particles can come in almost any shape or size, and can be solid particles or liquid droplets. _1_ These groups differ in many ways. One of the differences is size, we
3、 call the bigger particles PM 10 and we call the smaller particles PM 2.5. BIG. The big particles are between 2.5 and 10 micrometers (from about 25 to 100 times thinner than a human hair). These particles are called PM 10 (we say “PM ten”, which stands for Particulate Matter up to 10 micrometers in
4、size). _2_ SMALL. The small particles are smaller than 2.5 micrometers (100 times thinner than a human hair). _3_ We say “PM two point five”, as in Particulate Matter up to 2.5 micrometers in size. The smaller particles are lighter and they stay in the air longer and travel farther. PM 10 (big) part
5、icles can stay in the air for minutes or hours while PM 2.5 (small) particles can stay in the air for days or weeks. And travel? _4_ PM 2.5 particles go even farther; many hundreds of miles. Particulate Matter and Your Health. Both PM 10 (big) and PM 2.5 (small) particles can cause health problems,
6、specifically respiratory (呼吸的) health. When you breathe, you take in the air along with any particles that are in the air, like heavy metals and cancer causing organic compounds. _5_ Exposure to particulate matter leads to increased use of medication and more visits to the doctor or emergency room.
7、A. Both visible and invisible air pollutants have great effects on our environment, our health, and the quality of our lives. B. PM 10 particles can travel as little as a hundred yards or as much as 30 miles. C. PM 2.5 can have worse health effects than the bigger PM 10. D. Air pollution is a growin
8、g problem in the whole world. E. These particles cause less severe health effects. F. We divide particles into two major groups. G. These particles are called PM 2.5. 助读词汇助读词汇 particle n. 微粒 pollutant n. 污染物 droplet n. 小水珠；飞沫 micrometer n. 微米 exposure n. 暴露 meditation n. 药物治疗 particulate matter 悬浮颗粒
9、物 organic compound 有机化合物 emergency room 急诊室 heavy metal 重金属 (二) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Get Help When You Need It Sometimes even though you are paying attention in class, studying for tests, and doing your homework, certain classes seem too
10、hard. What upsets many people is that they work harder and harder as they fall further and further behind. _1_ If you need extra help, the most important thing to know is that theres nothing embarrassing about it. No one is expected to understand everything, and people have very different learning s
11、tyles. _2_ He or she may be able to work with you before or after school and explain things more clearly. You might also be able to get some help from another student. If theres someone you like whos a good student, think about asking that person if you can study together. This might help. _3_ Lots
12、of people understand something perfectly without being able to explain it. Another option for extra help is a tutor, either after school, on weekends, or in the evening. Youll need to talk to an adult about this because it costs money to hire a tutor. Tutors sometimes come to your home, but there ar
13、e also tutoring centers across the country. A tutor may have broad knowledge of many things or may be trained in just one subject. _4_ The advantage of having a tutor is that it gives you the opportunity to ask questions directly and work at your own pace. If youre interested in a tutor, check the I
14、nternet or the yellow pages of your phone book, or get a referral from a teacher, a friend, or classmate who has a tutor. _5_ Often college students will tutor high school students in their areas of study to help cover the costs of school. A. Tutors work with you one on one, helping review and furth
15、er explain things taught in the classroom. B. And if you live in or near a town with a college or university, you may find tutors there. C. However, keep in mind that this might not get you the results you need. D. Naturally, this makes them hate a class and everything to do with it. E. Good study t
16、echniques begin in the classroom as you take notes. F. The first place to turn for help is your teacher. G. Sometimes people put off studying. 助读词汇助读词汇 extra adj. 额外的 embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的 option n. 选择 tutor n. 家庭教师 broad adj. 广泛的 referral n. 参照 review v. 复习 fall behind 落后 cover the cost 支付费用 one
17、on one 一对一 (三) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Improve Your Conversation Skills Good conversation skills are important in any situation. You can improve your business, personal, social and dating life with these skills. Smile. _1_ It will put
18、 the other person at ease and show that you are pleasant and friendly. Their Name. Nothing impresses people more than having their name remembered and used in conversation. Make a serious effort to remember their name from the start so you dont have to ask again. _2_ _3_ Keep your conversations movi
19、ng by talking about many different things, like sports, movies, weather, current events, food and pretty much anything else. Also, ask questions to expand on what has already been talked about. Get all the details about the other persons favorite sport before going on to another topic. Relate to The
20、m. Other people will open up more once youve done the same about yourself. Find something in your own experiences to share on whatever topic the other person is talking about. Let Them Know. If you find something interesting in their conversation, let them know. _4_ That will encourage them to keep
21、going and offer more to the conversation. Mirror Them. Another way to make someone else more comfortable during a conversation is to take cues from their tone and body language. By “mirroring” them, they will feel more at ease because you will seem more familiar to them. Use hand gestures if they do
22、, sit casually if they do, and speak at the same pace as they do. _5_ Practice one or two of them until you are comfortable using them before trying another one. In a few months, your conversation skills will be much improved. A. Then use it occasionally throughout the conversation, but dont overdo
23、it. B. In my experience, its a very good idea to hold eye contact all the time. C. Tell the other person that their story was interesting or thoughtful. D. Nothing will invite more conversation than a friendly smile. E. Anybody can talk about the news or express basic opinions. F. Dont try all these
24、 techniques at once. G. Explore Your Topics. 助读词汇助读词汇 casually adv. 随便地 cue n. 线索；暗示 pace n. 步调；节奏 technique n. 技术；技巧 mirror vt. 反射；反映 expand vt. 展开 at ease 轻松；惬意 current events 时事 from the start 从一开始 make a serious effort to do 认真努力做 (四) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入
25、空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Unhealthy people have harmful habits that keep them unhealthy. Avoid these five bad habits to ensure that you are living a life to your full potential. Always consider the worst. Unhealthy people always assume that no one will like them, that they will always mess up, and that
26、they will never be successful. _1_ Look for the easy way out. _2_ They expect immediate results and dont believe that hard work will get them where they want to go. Instead, they expect that if something is going to change, it should happen now. Feel jealous of others success. They tend to feel jeal
27、ous when other people are successful. They often feel angered by people who are more attractive, earn more money, or have a better life. They dont stop to look at the hard work a person has put in to gain that success. _3_ Blame their health on genetics. _4_ Instead, they blame their weight or illne
28、ss on genetics. They think if they had a mother with a certain illness they are bound to have it too. Instead of recognizing their genes may help them identify risk factors, they just think that their genes make their health problems inevitable and they make no attempts to change the situation. _5_
29、Instead of focusing on how to improve their lives, they focus on judging everyone else. They spread rumors and take great joy in talking about others behind their back. Instead of trying to improve their own lives, they spend their time talking about what others should be doing differently. A. They
30、want quick solutions. B. Dont listen to knowledgeable experts. C. Gossip (谣言) about everyone and everything. D. They dont work toward reaching anything in life. E. They dont tend to take responsibility for their health. F. They always predict the worst possible situation will come true. G. Instead,
31、they believe it isnt fair that the same success hasnt come their way. 助读词汇助读词汇 ensure v. 确保 potential n. 潜力 assume v. 假设 immediate adj. 立刻的 tend v. 打算 genetics n. 遗传 certain adj. 某一个的 jealous adj. 妒忌的 inevitable adj. 必然的 attempt n. 企图 spread v. 传播 be bound to 注定 mess up 搞得乱七八糟 blameon 把归咎于 (五) 根据短文内
32、容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Visiting London can be an expensive trip. _1_ The following steps can help you find cheap alternatives for transport for your London trip. Familiarize yourself with the city. Do some homework about different parts of Londo
33、n ahead of time and determines specifically the area where you will be staying. How to establish where in the city you will be staying and the distance you are from the major tourist attractions you want to visit? _2_ Find a local provider of Transport for London tickets or travel cards, since your
34、first bargain purchase will be an Oyster Card. Traveling around London with an Oyster Card will give you access to the cheapest option of transportation methods. The Oyster Card is accepted citywide on buses, boats and the London Underground, known by the locals as “the tube”. _3_ The Tube is the ch
35、eapest and most reliable form of transportation and runs from around 6 am. until around 1 am., depending on the line or the station. Make the most of the Oyster Card. _4_ with a high concentration in central London. If you are staying anywhere in central London, there will be a tube station less tha
36、n 10 minutes away. The Transport for London website offers a tube station search facility to find the nearest subway station to any location in the city. When you find a tube station, you can easily locate the closest bus stop by using the comparison bus-tube maps at the stations entrance. Follow th
37、e Transport for London Tube Guide to your destinations and always plan ahead. _5_ wasted trips on the tube and doubling back on your journey. A. Seek out your nearest Tube Station. B. The bus is the cheapest means of transport in London. C. You can use a street map, or an online map search engine. D
38、. Making a plan for transport will save your unnecessary expenses, E. There are 287 tube stations in London that accept the Oyster Card, F. By visiting the Transport for London website, people can avoid getting lost. G. So establishing a budget and finding bargains will help you get around London on
39、 the cheap. 助读词汇助读词汇 alternative n. 可供选择的事物 budget n. 预算 transport n. 交通 bargain n. 交易；便宜货 access n. 接近；进入 location n. 位置；场所 comparison n. 比较；对照 means n. 方式 expense n. 费用 search engine 搜索引擎 ahead of time 提前 tourist attraction 旅游景点 depend on 取决于 on the cheap 便宜地；经济地 (六) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选
40、项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to a Chinese student, they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” _1_ I would like to sugges
41、t that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English. First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary. _2_ However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if you choose a positive attitude. Others will follow you as long as you use the w
42、ords that you know. _3_ Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and using the right words and spelling them
43、 correctly. However, in speaking your aim is fluency. You want to get your message across, to talk to someone in English, as quickly and as well as you can, even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, but it doesnt matter. _4_ The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to lis
44、tening. You have one mouth but two ears! All that hearing is necessary for you to start speaking. Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive language learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English they passively wait for speaking opportu
45、nities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor. _5_. A. Second, they are afraid of making mistakes. B. They may try to avoid making similar mistakes next time. C. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary. D. However, their spoken English does not have to rem
46、ain “poor”! E. The second reason lies in the reluctance of using what has just been learned. F. If you have this proactive outlook, then youll see English opportunities wherever you go. G. The person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears. 助读词汇助读词汇 gram
47、mar n. 语法 admit vt. 承认 due to 由于 vocabulary n. 词汇 fluency n. 流利 accurate adj. 准确的 tense n. 时态 reactive adj. 被动的 opportunity n. 机会 expand vt. 扩大 reluctance n. 不情愿 outlook n. 观点；态度 (七) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sharks have lived in the worlds oc
48、eans for millions of years. A shark has an extremely good sense of smell. It can find small amounts of substances in the water, such as blood, body liquids and chemicals produced by animals. These powerful senses help them find their food. _1_ Sharks grow slowly. About forty percent of the different kinds of sharks lay eggs. _2_ So