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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date大学英语四级翻译常考句式及词组大学英语四级翻译常考句式及词组一、常用单词组-education 教育input in education 教育投入communal participation 社会参与enhance the moral awareness of 提高的思想品德professional ethics 职业道德credit system 学分制guaran
2、tee job assignments 包分配multidisciplinary 多学科的key university 重点大学national expenditure on education 国家教育经费account for% 占百分比intercultural communication 国际文化交流equal stress on integrity and ability 德才兼备to become educated through independent study 自学成材compulsory education 普及教育preschool/elementary/secondar
3、y/higher/ education 学前/初等/中等/高等教育adult education 成人教育vocational and technical education 职业技术教育institutions of higher learning 高等学校inservice training course 在职进修班compulsory/optional course 必修/选修课record of formal schooling 学历diploma 文凭， 学历证明二、常用句型1、It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary
4、to say. 2、强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important , but how he rules us. 3、All+抽象名词或抽象名词+itself(very+形容词) He was all gentleness to her. 4、利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime a crime. 5、something(much)of和nothing(little)of something of相当于to some extent，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为anything of ，可译为有点，略微等。译为毫无，全无。
5、much of译为大有，not much of可译为算不上，称不上，little of可译为几乎无。something like译为有点像，略似。 They say that he had no universty education , but he seems to be something of a scholar. 6、同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，of以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰of后面的那个名词。如her old sharper of a father，可译为：她那骗子般的父亲。 Those pigs of girls eat so much. 7
6、、asascan(may)be It is as plain as plain can be. 8、It is in(with)as in(with) It is in life as in a journey. 9、as good as相等于，就像，几乎如;实际上，其实，实在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him. 10、many as wellas和might as well as many as wellas可译为与其，不如，更好，以这样做为宜，如同，也可以等等。might as
7、 wellas表示不可能的事，可译为犹如，可与一样荒唐，与其那样不如这样的好等等。 One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly. 11、to makeof的译法(使成为，把当作) I will make a scientist of my son. 12、too+不定式，not(never)too+不定式，toonot+不定式 She is too angry to speak.13、only(not, all, but, never) too to do so 和too ready (apt) + to do结
8、构中，不定式，凡是not，allbut等字后+tooto，不定式都失去了否定意义，在too ready(apt) +to do结构中，不定式。You know but too yell to hold your tongue.14、no more than句型A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man.15、not so muchas和not so much as 结构，not so muchas=not so much as ，其中as有进可换用but rather，可译为：与其说是毋须说
9、是。而not so much as=without(not)even，可译为甚至还没有。The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it .16、Nothing is morethan和Nothing is so as结构，Nothing is morethan和Nothing is so as都具有最高级比较的意思，Nothing I可换用no，nobody，nowhere，little，few，hardly，scarcely等等，可译为没有比更为，像再没有了，最等。Nothing is more precious than tim
10、e.17、cannottoo结构,cannottoo意为It is impossible to overdo或者，即无论怎样也不算过分。not可换用hardly，scarcely等，too可换用enough，sufficient等You cannot be too careful.18、否定+but 结构，在否定词后面的but，具有which not，who not，that not，等等否定意义，构成前后的双重否定。可译成没有不是或都等Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse.19、否定+until(till)结构，在否定词no，not，n
11、ever，little，few，seldom等的后边所接用的until/till，多数情况下译为直到才，要才，把否定译为肯定。Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried.20、not sobut和not such abut结构，这两个结构和否定+but的结构差不多，不同之点是这两个结构中的but是含有thatnot意味的连续词，表示程度。可译为还没有到不能做的程度，并不是不，无论怎样也不是不能等。He is not so sick but he can come to school.21、疑问词+shouldbut结构，这个结构表示过去的意外的事
12、，意为nonebut，可译为除了还有谁会，岂料，想不到竟是等。Who should write it but himself?22、who knows but (that)和who could shouldbut结构，这个结构是反问形式，一般意译为多半，亦未可知等等，有时也可直译。Who knows but (that) he may go?23、祈使句+and和祈使句+or结构，祈使句+and表示Ifyou，祈使名+or表示ifnot,you。Add love to a house and you have a home. Aad righteousness to a city and yo
13、u have a community. Aad truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.24、名词+and结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。A word, and he would lose his temper.25、名词+and结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。A word, and he would lose his temper.26.It is not thatbut that 这不是说，而是说27.nothing else than 完全是，实在是例文What th
14、e man said was nothing else than nonsense.译文那个人讲的话完全是一派胡言。 28.morethan结构有三种译法：than连接肯定形式的从句时，该从句译为否定句；在比较的基础上表示选择关系时，可译为与其说不如说；进行同类比较时，译成比更.例文The complexity of the human situation and injustice of the social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some
15、 politicians are willing to admit in their speeches.译文人类社会形势的复杂性和社会制度的不公正性要求对社会基本结构进行彻底变革，而一些政客口头上是很不愿意承认这一点的29、虚拟语气是常考点My computer must have gone wrong, because I could not boot it.提纲式作文 1对立观点式 A有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？ B 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？ C我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They p
16、oint out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。 There is some truth in both arguments. But I think th
17、e advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 2 批驳观点式 A一个错误观点。 B 我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。（According to a survey
18、performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。 There might be some element of truth in these peoples belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。 3 社会问题（现象）
19、式 A一个社会问题或者现象。 B 产生的原因 C对社会和我们生活的影响 D 如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话） E 前景的预测。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。 There are a couple of reasons booming this p
20、roblem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated（表达） in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 Based on the above discussions, I
21、can easily forecast that more and more people will . 写作模板图表式作文 It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of (多少). W
22、hat is the reason for this change? Mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, (第一个原因). More importantly, (第二个原因). Most important of all, (第三个原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. Th
23、e trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势). 写作模板辩论式议论文 模版1 Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the form
24、er/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3. In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测. 模版2 People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opi
25、nion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 论据1. For another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3. To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测. 模版3 There is
26、no consensus knsenss 一致of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion（观念） is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。 Furthermo
27、re, 论据2。 Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测 常用句型：1.表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this 2）The reasons for this are a
28、s follows 3）The reason for this is obvious 4）The reason for this is not far to seek 5）The reason for this is that 6）We have good reason to believe that 例： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our lifeFirstly，peoples living standard has been greatly improvedSecondly，most p
29、eople are well paid， and they can afford what they need or likeLast but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life 注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life There are three reasons for this这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。 2表示好处 1）It has the following advantages 2）It doe
30、s us a lot of good 3）It benefits us quite a lot 4）It is beneficial to us 5）It is of great benefit to us 例： Books are like friendsThey can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizonsTherefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us 3表示坏处 1）It has more disadv
31、antages than advantages 2）It does us much harm 3）It is harmful to us 例： However，everything divides into twoTelevision can also be harmful to usIt can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion 4表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 1）It is important（necessary，difficult，conveni
32、ent， possible）for sbto do sth 2）We think it necessary to do sth 3）It plays an important role in our life 例： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in businessSoon， computers will be found in every home，tooWe have good reason to say that computers are playing
33、an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age 5表示措施 1）We should take some effective measures 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth 4) We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with 例
34、： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more seriousTherefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it 6表示变化 1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years 2）A great change will certainly be produced in the worlds communications 3）The computer has broug
35、ht about（导致） many changes in education 例： Some changes have taken place in peoples diet in the past five yearsThe major reasons for these changes are not far to seekNowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins 7表示事实、现状 1
36、）We cannot ignore the fact that 2）No one can deny the fact that 3）There is no denying the fact that 4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in 5）However，thats not the case 例： We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollutionTo solve these proble
37、ms， we can start by educating the public about the hazards（危害） of pollutionThe government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment 8表示比较 1）Compared with A，B 2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV 3）There is a striking contrast between them 例： Compared with cars，
38、bicycles have several advantages besides being affordableFirstly，they do not consume natural resources of petrol（石油）Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problemLast but not least，they contribute to peoples health by giving them due physical exercise 9表示数量 1）It has increased（decreased）fromto 2）Th
39、e population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000 3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15 compared with that of January 例： With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion（比例） of peoples income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has incre
40、ased 再如： From the graph listed above，itcan be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000 注：“From the graph listed above，it can be seen that”见句式12。考生将句式9和句式12结合在一起，便可较好地写出2002年6月CET 4、6短文写作的第一段。 10表示看法 1）People have（tak
41、e，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth 2）People have different opinions on this problem 3）People take different views of（on）the question 4）Some people believe thatOthers argue that 例：People have different attitudes towards failureSome believe that failure leads to success Every failure they
42、experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavorHowever， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category（种类） of losers 再如： Do lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it 注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。
43、11表示结论 1）In short，it can be said that 2）It may be briefly summed up as follows 3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that 例： From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved 注：例句1可用于任何一个
44、段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。 12套语 1）Its well known to us that 2）As is known to us， 3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about 4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that 5）As a proverb（谚语） says，“Where there is a will，there is a way例如： As is well known to us，it is important for
45、the students to know the world outside campus The reason for this is obviousNowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an“ivory towerAs college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campusOnly in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quic