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1、 1 1. If you had _(听从了我的忠告,你就不会陷入麻烦). 2. With tears on her face, the lady _(看着她受伤的儿子被送入手术 室). 3. After the terrorist attack, tourists _(被劝告暂时不要去该国旅 游)。 4. I prefer to communicate with my customers _(通过写电子邮件 而不是打电话). 5. _ (直到截止日他才寄出) his application form. 【解析】 1.本句翻译主要考查虚拟语气的用法 如果听从了我的劝告, 但因为句首有 had
2、这个词, 我们可以得知句中的“你”并没有听从,所以这是对过去事情的假设,if had done +would / should / could / might have done sth 忠告可直接翻译为 advice,“陷入麻烦”则是 get into trouble。所以答案为 followed my advice, you would not get into trouble 2.看着 考查的是感官词 watch/hear/see/feel 后面接动词的使用方法。这里看着被 送入只一个正在进行的动作,同时还包含一个被动语态。“受伤的儿子”即 injured son, “手术 室”则是 o
3、peration room。 所以翻译答案为 watched her injured son being sent to the hospital 3.劝告某人不要做某事 advise/suggest sb. not to do sth. 句子中是“被劝告”,所以要 用被动语态。在这个句子中“暂时”其实就是此时,所以翻译为 at the moment 比较合适。 所以翻译答案为 are suggested not to travel to this country at the moment 4.这个句子中“写”“打”这两个词不用翻出来,关键是“电子邮件”和“电话”这两种沟通方 式,通过方式用
4、介词 through,“而不是”用短语 instead of 即可。 所以后半句可翻译为 through E-mail instead of telephone 5.直到才 这个句型可以通过强调句型来表达 Not untildid/ do/does sb. did/do/does sth 截止日 直接译为 deadline 即可,寄出就是 send out 所以这句话连起来就是 It wasnt until the deadline did he sent out his application form. 87. Charity groups organized various activi
5、ties to _(为地震幸存者筹款). 88. Linda_(不可能收到我的电子邮件) ;otherwise, she would have replied. 89. Its my mother_(一直在鼓励我不要灰心)when I have difficulties in my studies. 90. The publishing house has to _(考虑这部小说的受欢迎程度). 2 91. It is absolutely wrong to _(仅仅以金钱来定义幸福). 答案及解析: 87. Charity groups organized various activitie
6、s to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake. (为地震幸存者筹款) 【解析】 本题考察动词 raise 的用法。 raise money 表示“筹款”。 同时考生要注意 survivor (幸 存者)的拼写。 88. Linda couldnt have received my e-mail (不可能收到我的电子邮件), otherwise, she could have replied. 【解析】本题考察混合型虚拟语气。otherwise 提示我们句子后半句是与过去事实相反(事 实是 Linda 没有回复) ,因此用 could+
7、have+过去分词。句子前半句是在陈述一种事实,从 句子后半句 could have +过去分词我们可以推断前面“没有收到我的电子邮件”也是在发生 在过去,且对现在产生了影响(还没有收到回信) ,因此这里用现在完成时,could have + 过去分词。 89. Its my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart (一直鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my study. 【解析】本题考察了强调句型和动词 encourage 的搭配。强调句型 its that/who encoura
8、ge sb. (not) to do sth. 鼓励某人(不)做某事。 90. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel. (考虑这本小说的受 欢迎程度)。 【解析】本题考察了“考虑”的表达,可以用动词 consider,也可以用词组 take into consideration。同时考生要注意名词 popularity (受欢迎程度) 的拼写。 91. Its wrong to define happiness only by money.(仅仅以金钱来定义幸福) 1. The auto manufa
9、cturer found themselves _ (正在同外国公司竞争市场 的份额)。 2. Only in the small town _(他才感到安全和放松)。 3. It is absolutely unfair that these children _ (被剥夺了受教育的权利)。 4. Our years of hard work are still in vain, _ (更别提我们花费的大量 金钱了)。 5. The problems of blacks and women _ (最近几十年受到公众相当大 的关注)。 3 【解析】 peting with foreign co
10、mpanies for the market share. 该句子主要考查以下几个知识点, 发现某人正在做某事 find sb./oneself doing sth. 与某人为某事竞争 compete with/against sb. for sth 市场份额 market share 2.did he feel safe and relaxed. “直到”“只有才”这种句型多半考查倒装句的用法, 在英语中,only、 not only、 seldom、never 等表示绝对或否定意义的副词出现在句首,句子部分倒装,系动词或助词提 前。这个句子“他”是第三人称单数形式,所以助词应该是 does
11、,或者过去式 did。 3.are deprived of the right to receive education. 这个句子考查的语法点主要有三个,一个是剥夺某人做某事 deprive sb. of sth 一个是 做某事的权利 the right to do sth. 另外一个是“被剥夺”这个被动语态 4.not to mention the large amounts of money that we have spent “更别提”英语中有两个短语可以表达,一个是 not to mention,另外一个是 let alone。 后半句的宾语中心语是金钱,花费的大量的都是定语修饰语
12、,可以用后置定语从句表达。 5.have attached considerable attention of the public in recent decades. “最近几十年”表达的是一段时间一直,所以要用现在完成时,公众可翻译为 the public。 1. The university authorities did not approve the regulation, _ (也没有 解释为什么). 2.Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she _(能被分配做另一项工作) 3.Jo
13、hn rescued the drowning child_ (冒着自己生命危险). 4.George called his boss from the airport but it _ (接电话的却是 他的助手) 5.Although he was interested in philosophy, _(他的父亲说服他) majoring in law. 答案详解: 1.nor did they make any explanation / nor did they give the reason for doing so 本题考察了两个知识点。 nor 的倒装句用法,后半句表示“也不”的否
14、定意义,注意助 动词的时态与上半句保持一致; 对某事做出解释的表达,考察了汉译英中动词转名词的 4 技巧,explain explanation,或者 nor did they give the reason for doing so 同样可以。 2.could be assigned (to) another job 本题考察了 wish 从句的虚拟语气用法(cancould)和“分配某人做某事”的词组搭配, assign sb. to sth. 或者 assign sb. sth. 3.at the risk of his own life 本题考察了“冒着的危险/风险做某事”的词组搭配,
15、可以用 at the risk / expense of ones own life(冒着某人的生命危险做某事) 4.was his assistant who answered / picked up the phone;turned out that his assistant answered / picked up the phone 该句比较灵活,在句法上,既可以使用强调句结构,也可以采用 turn out 的惯用搭配; 在“接电话”的表达上,可以用 pick up / answer the phone。强调句结构为 it be sb. who do sth. ,而 turn out
16、 变化则较多,可以用 turn out to be sb. who do sth.或者 turn out + that + 从句。 5. his father persuaded him into / talked him into 本题考察“说服某人做某事”的表达,persuade / talk sb. into doing sth. Directions : Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 1. I have had great deal of trouble
17、_.(跟得上班上的其他同学) 2. I dont mind your_(你延期做出决定) the decision as long as it is not too late. 3. In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives_(起着不可缺 少的作用) in raising hildren. 4. Mark often_(试图逃脱罚款) whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 5. When I _(发现他骗我) I stopped buying thins there and s
18、tarted dealing with another shop. 6. I suggested he _ (使自己适应) his new conditions. 7. What a lovely party! Its worth_( 牢记一生 ). 8. If you wont agree to our plan,_( 他们也不会同意 ). 9. His remarks left me _( 想知道他的真实目的 ). 5 10. If you had_ ( 听从了我的劝告,你就不会陷入麻烦) 答案: 1. keeping up with the rest of the class 超级句型t
19、rouble 可以用在句型have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难中,这时, trouble 可以用 difficulty 来代替。 超级短语keep up with 意为跟上,指并肩前进,并驾齐驱,不至落后、掉队。catch up with 意为赶上,指从后边追上或改变落后状。 2. delaying making 超级单词mind 作及物动词,后面通常接名词、代词、V-ing 形式、复合结构、从句等。 delay 后接动词时,应该接动词的 ing 形式。 3. play indispensable roles 超级短语play a part/role in 起着作用,饰
20、演的角色。 4. attempts to escape being fined 超级单词 escape 后面要接动名词形式。 常与介词 from 搭配, 如 He has escaped from the fire. 5. caught /found him cheating me 超级句型find/catch+宾语+宾补,如 I found him standing by the river. 6. should adapt himself to 超级句型suggest 作建议时,其宾语从句中要用虚拟句型suggest that sb.(should)do sth.结构;从 suggest
21、还可以联想到宾语从句中同样要用虚拟语气的相关动词如:insist, demand,order,ask,advise 等。 超级短语adapt oneself to 使自己适应或习惯于,其他搭配: adapt from 根据改 写/改编 7. remembering all my life 超级单词be worth doing值得做某事,还有说法是 worth sth. 如:He is worth the praise. 8. neither will they 超级单词 neither 表示两者都不, 表示也、 也不 的句子要部分倒装。 如: If you wont go, neither w
22、ill I. 9. wondering about his real purpose 6 超级单词leave sb doing 让继续处于某种状态;leave sb to do sth 让某人干某事 10. followed my advice, you would not be in trouble now. 超级句型虚拟语气在 if 引导的条件句中的用法。 从句:if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用 were) + 主句:主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ Directions: Complete the sentences by tra
23、nslating into English the Chinese given in brackets. 1. (这个计划成功的关键) _is good planning. 2. The specific use of leisure_(每一人都不同) 3. The ships generator broke down and the pumps_( 不得不用 手工操作 ) instead of mechanically. 4. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used_( 习惯了学生 迟到 ) his lecture. 5
24、. I prefer to communicate with my customers _( 通过写电子邮件而不是打电话) 6. After the terrorist attack, tourists _ ( 被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游) 7. ( 他把自己奉献于社区工作 ) _ and is passionate about what he is doing. 8. Man should not exploit the natural resources _ ( 以牺牲其他物种为代价 ). 9. When Sandy recovered from cancer, her doctor _ (
25、 把此归因于她对未来的信念 ). 10. At the end of his speech, the school master encouraged the children to work hard _ ( 不要让父母失望 ). 1. The key to the success of this project 超级单词key 除作名词钥匙外,后接介词 to,表示的钥匙,的答案,的关 键. 2. from individual to individual. 超级短语不及物动词 vary 的用法。搭配为:vary . from .to 各不相同。 3. had to be operated
26、manually 超级短语have to 通常指由于客观原因则不得不做某事,意思为不得不. 其否定形式 意思是不一定或没有必要。 4. to students being late for 超级句型be used to+doing/noun,表示过去习惯于做某事。used to+do,表示过去有 7 规律的习惯性动作或状态,而现在已不存在了。 超级短语be late for,迟到。 超级句型ones doing,非谓语动词的复合结构。 5. via E-mail instead of telephone 超级短语Instead of 的意思是代替、而不,后面常跟名词、代词和动名词, 偶尔也跟复
27、合结构。 6. were advised not to travel to that country at the moment 超级单词advise 一般用法: advise sb. to do; advise doing 特殊注意: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即:advise that sb. (should) do 的形式。 7. he devoted himself to the community 超级短语be devoted to 有两个含义:A.专心致志于,献身于;B.热爱,很喜欢。作为 动词的 devote 常用下列成语类的搭配:devote oneself/ones lif
28、e to sth/doing sth. 8. at the cost of sacrificing/loss of other species 超级短语at the cost of(以为代价),其含义和用法与 at the expense of 相同。另 at all costs 意为不惜一切代价. 9. attributed it to her firm belief in the future 超级短语attribute.to,把归因于是大学英语四级考查率极高的一个语言 点。 10. and not to let their parents down 超级短语let.down(使失望),形
29、容词表示失望有 disappointed. 87. Its believed that mixed-ability teaching can _(促使他们知识的积累和 经历的丰富). 88. We _(使我们的行为符合别人的)based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. 89. The class are very active. They _(争先恐后地回答问题). 90. Oxygen is _(一种能和许多物质化合的气体). 91. Mr. Smith is _(这次事故的目击者之一). Part
30、Translation 87. enrich their knowledge and experience。本题考查合译法,积累与丰富可以共用一 8 个英语动词 enrich,而 enrich 有使(怎么样)的含义,因此,促使可以省略不译。本 句如果译成 can cause the accumulation of their knowledge and the abundance of their experience 也没有错,但字数太多。 88. fit our actions to those of other people。句意为:我们是基于一贯的评价和理解来使我 们的行为符合别人的。
31、使符合可以直接用动词 fit,而本句最容易出错的地方在于如何 理解别人的,实际上,别人的是别人的行为省略在翻译成英语时必须补齐行为才能 避免意思含混。因此,不能译成 fit our actions to other people。 89. vie with each other in answering questions。本题考查固定短语争先恐后可以译成 strive to be the first 或 vie with each other,vie 是不及物动词,一般与 with 连用,表示 与某人竞争做某事。 90. a gas which unites with many substa
32、nces。本题主要考查物质的词义辨析。matter 和 substance 侧重抽象的物质或某一事件;substance 指某种质地、形体、特征或重要性的 东西,侧重某个实体。 91. one of those who have witnessed the accident。 本题考查句型 be one of.与 be the only one of.的辨析。但 one 前面有 the only 修饰时,从句中的谓语动词用单数。 87. His idea is that _(那个计划应该立即执行计划). 88. _ (不用说)that hes been there before 89. _(她
33、非常不情愿地)that she agreed to help. 90. A dog has won a German government award _ (因协助警方劝阻一 名妇女自杀). 91. The manager points out _ (我们的工作进展令人满意). 87. the plan should be carried out immediately 解析:本题综合考查了表语从句、无主语翻译以及惯用搭配。首先,句子的前半部分是一个 完整的主谓结构,句子需填入部分在全句中充当表语;其次,应该立即执行计划中计划 是被用来执行的,但是题干中并没有提到谁会来执行这个计划。因此,在主
34、语没有出现的情 况下,可以采用被动译法。执行计划在英语里可以用 carry out/perform the plan 来表示。 88. Its needless to say 解析: 在 have, there be 及情态动词后面加 no 或 not, 在实义动词前面加上 do 或 does not, 在某些省略句中加上 no。本题考查的是派生词用法。和汉语不同,英语单词词根可以加上 前缀或后缀以改变单词本义,如 ab-,dis-, less 等都是表示否定意义的词缀。 9 89. It was very reluctantly 解析: 考查的并不是形式主语句, 而是一个强调句型。 本句可以
35、说成: She agreed to help very reluctantly. 原句的需填补部分是对状语的强调,以突出极不情愿这一信息。 90. for helping police persuade a woman not to commit suicide 解析:本句考查的是句子逻辑关系。根据意思可知,句子前半句是果,后半句是因。一只 狗因为协助警方阻止了一名妇女的自杀而获德国政府奖项。自杀可翻译成 commit suicide,劝阻要用强调结果成功的 persuade。 91. that our work is progressing satisfactorily 解析:本题考查词性的转译,即:将原汉语句子中的动词令人满意转移成英语的副词 satisfactorily。这种词性转换是翻译常用技巧,适当的转换可使译文通顺,符合英文表达习 惯。另外,句子需填入部分在全句中充当宾语从句,因而不能漏译 that。