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1、Unit 8Section APeriod 2 (3a-4c)Have you read Robinson Crusoe?If you have, what do you know about this story?Who is the main character?How does the story begin?What happened next?Can you imagine his life on the island? What could he do to protect himself?Read the passage based on Robinson Crusoe. The
2、n answer the questions.1. What does Robinson Crusoe wait for?2. Why does Robinson Crusoe call the man Friday?He waits for another ship.Because he meets him on a Friday.Read the passage again. Find words that have these meanings.1. You can use these to shoot things: _2. Something you use to travel in
3、 the sea:_3. A piece of land in the middle of the sea:_gunsshipisland4. You can use these to cut things:_5. Signs left behind by someone or something:_knivesmarksCorrect the sentences.1. Robinson Crusoe arrived on the island with enough food and drink.2. Friday made a small boat.3. Robinson had some
4、 food and tools when he first arrived on the island.4. Robinson used the ship to build his house.5. Friday saw some marks of another mans feet on the beach.6. Robinson tried to kill the two men.nothingRobinson Crusoenothingcut down treesRobinsonSome cannibalsUse the words in brackets to complete the
5、 conversations.1. A: Would you like something to drink?B: No, thanks. _. (just / drink some tea)2. A: I heard you lost your key. _? (find)B: No, not yet.Ive just drunk some teaHave you found it yet?3. A: Do you know when Tom is leaving? B: _. (already / leave) A: When _?(leave) B: This morning.4. A:
6、 Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight? B: No. _. (already/see the film)Tom/He has already leftdid he leaveShe has already seen the film5. A: What do your parents think about our plan? B: I _. (not / tell them / yet)have not/havent told them yetFill in the blanks with the correct forms
7、of the words in brackets.Sally _ (love) reading. In the morning, she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books. She _ already _ (read) more than 100 different books! Her favorite kind of books is science fiction. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the
8、world _ (be) like in 50 years. loveshasreadwill beShe _ (finish) reading a book about robots last week and _ (write) a book report about it next week for her French class. Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she _ (not read) yet and she cant wait to read them!finishedwill
9、 writehas not readComplete the chart with information about you and a friend.YouYour friendCommentsBooks I have already readMovies I have already seenSongs I have already heardThe Present Perfect with already, yet1. Have you watered the plants yet? Yes, I have already watered them.2. Have you finish
10、ed your homework yet? Yes, I have already finished it.3. Have you found your bike yet? Yes, I have already found it.现在完成时的构成现在完成时的构成:现在完成时是由现在完成时是由“助动词助动词have / has + 动动词词的过去分词的过去分词”构成构成。助动词要和主语的人。助动词要和主语的人称、数保持一致。称、数保持一致。 现在完成时现在完成时现在完成时的用法现在完成时的用法:(1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作对现在造表示过去某个时间发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常使用成
11、的影响或结果。常使用just, already, yet等时间副词。等时间副词。Have you had lunch yet? 你吃了午饭吗？你吃了午饭吗？ Yes, Ive just had it. 是的是的, 我刚刚吃过。我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了现在我不饿了) (2) 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,也可能也可能仍然在进行。常带有仍然在进行。常带有for和和since等表示一段时等表示一段时间的状语。间的状语。He has taught here since 1981.他自他自198
12、1年就在这儿教书。年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教可能还要继续教) I havent seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。我有四年没见到她了。 现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: (1) 用副词用副词already和和yet。already一般用于一般用于肯定句中肯定句中, yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。一般用于否定句和疑问句中。We have already finished our homework. 我们已完成家庭作业了。我们已完成家庭作业了。 They havent finished their homework yet. 他们还没有完成家庭作
13、业。他们还没有完成家庭作业。 (2) 用用ever和和never。多用于否定或疑问句中。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示表示“曾经曾经”或或“从未从未”等。等。 Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗？你曾经去过长城吗？ No, I have never been to the Great Wall. 不不, 我从未去过长城。我从未去过长城。 (3) 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语, 如如just, before, up to now等。等。I have seen her before, but I can not
14、remember where. 我以前见过她我以前见过她, 但记不起在哪里见过。但记不起在哪里见过。 (4) 与与since或或for表示表示一段时间一段时间的状语连的状语连用用, 表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始, 一直一直持续到现在。持续到现在。since后接时间点或过去时后接时间点或过去时的句子；的句子；for后接时间段。后接时间段。I havent seen him for two years. 我已经两年没见到他了。我已经两年没见到他了。She has taught us since last year. 自从去年起她教我们。自从去年起她教我们。I have
15、skated since I was four years old. 从我四岁时我就开始滑冰了。从我四岁时我就开始滑冰了。 现在完成时中延续性动词和终止性动词现在完成时中延续性动词和终止性动词英语动词根据词义可分为两种，一种是延续英语动词根据词义可分为两种，一种是延续性的，一种是终止性的。性的，一种是终止性的。终止性动词也可称为非延续性动词、瞬间动终止性动词也可称为非延续性动词、瞬间动词或点动词，如词或点动词，如: become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, die, finish, get to know, go, join, marry, start, stop
16、等。等。终止性动词表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬终止性动词表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成间完成, 不能再延续不能再延续, 所以它的现在完成时所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用不能和表示延续的时间状语连用, 即不能即不能与表示一段时间的状语与表示一段时间的状语, 如如for + 时间段、时间段、 since + 时间点时间点 / 从句连用从句连用, 也不能用在也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句。引导的特殊疑问句。若保留若保留for + 时间段时间段, since + 时间点时间点 / 从句从句, 或用在或用在 how long句型中句型中, 则需将终止性动词则需将终止性动词改为
17、相应的状态动词或延续性动词。改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词。以下是常用的瞬间性动词和延续性动词以下是常用的瞬间性动词和延续性动词转换对应表转换对应表: come be here buy have borrow keep leave be away die be dead stop be over begin / start be on 单项选择。单项选择。( )1. Have you taken out the trash, Belly? _. Ill do it right away. A. Sorry, I have B. No, I didnt C. No, I dont D. Not
18、yet( )2. Have you _ visited Shanghai? No, _. A. ever; not B. never; not C. ever; never D. never; everDC( )3. Could you go to the park with me this afternoon? Sorry, I _ there. I went there yesterday. A. have gone B. have been C. went D. was ( )4. Have you washed your clothes _? No, I havent. But I h
19、ave cleaned the room _. A. ago; already B. yet; yet C. before; yet D. yet; alreadyBD( )5. I am a soldier. I _ the army _ about five years. A. have joined; since B. have joined; for C. have been in; for D. have been in; since C1、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部对划线部分提问分提问) _ _ have they been here
20、? 2、The old man _ last year. (die / dead) He _ _ _ for a year. (die / dead) （选词填空）（选词填空） 3、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义同义 句转换句转换) This factory _ for twenty years. How long diedhas been open has been dead 4、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句同义句转换转换) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour.5、Her mother has
21、been a Party member for three years .（同义句）（同义句） Her mother _ the Party three years _ . has been away forjoinedago 句型句型转换转换1. I have finished my homework. I _ _ my homework. (改为否定改为否定句句)_ you _ your homework? (改改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答为一般疑问句并作肯定回答)Yes，_ _. 答案：答案：1. havent finished Have；finished；I have2. His dre
22、am has come true. (改为一般疑问改为一般疑问句并作否定回答句并作否定回答)- _ his dream _ true? - No，_ _ . 答案：答案：2. Has；come；it hasnt (2010 .河北省卷河北省卷,41. 1) My brother left school in 2005, and since then he in Beijing. A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived(2010湖北省黄冈市，湖北省黄冈市，35，1) - I joined the League _ May, 2008. What a
23、bout you? -Ive been a League member _ three years. A. in; for B. on; in C. on; forD. in; sinceDA（2011四川资阳）四川资阳）27. So far this year, many new houses _ in Wenchuan with the help of the government. A. build B. are built C. will build D. have been built答案：答案：D【解析】考查动词的时态。句中有【解析】考查动词的时态。句中有So far“到到目前为止目前为止”，使用现在完成时态，故选，使用现在完成时态，故选D。Do the other exercises in this part.