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1、宾语从句宾语从句 The Objective Clause1. I know him. （简单句） 主语 谓语 宾语2.I know where you are from.（复合句）复合句）主语谓语主语谓语 连接词从句主语连接词从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主句主句 宾语从句宾语从句1. 定义：定义： 用作用作宾语宾语的的从句从句叫做宾语从句。叫做宾语从句。也可以说用一个也可以说用一个句子句子来作来作宾语宾语。I know that you are a good boy. (宾语宾语You are a good boy.是一个句子是一个句子)2 . 2 . 种类，种类，动词动词的宾语从句，的宾语
2、从句，介词介词的宾语从和的宾语从和形形容词容词的宾语从句。的宾语从句。3. 3. 结构：引导词结构：引导词+ +主语主语+ +谓语谓语 宾语从句宾语从句 （初中阶段）（初中阶段）宾语从句三要素连接词连接词时态时态语序语序仔细观察下面的例句仔细观察下面的例句. .【例句例句】1. She was afraid (that) she would fail the exams.2. He wants to know if/ whether you are a doctor.3. Do you know when he bought this pencil-box? 4. Teresa told he
3、r son how she learned English【例句例句】5. I dont know where he went last night.6. Could you tell me whom he is talking to?7. Do you know why he left school.8. Can you tell me who will teach us music?9.She used to worry about how she appeared to others.【结论】 A 引导词引导词 1. 宾当语从句具有宾当语从句具有陈述意义陈述意义时，用时，用that引导。
4、它在句子中只起引导作用引导。它在句子中只起引导作用，起连接作用，在从句中不作起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成句子成分分，也无词汇意义，也无词汇意义 ，在口语中常可在口语中常可省略。如例句省略。如例句1 She was afraid (that) she would fail the exams 2.当宾语从句具有当宾语从句具有一般疑问句语气一般疑问句语气时，可时，可用用if 或或 weather引导。引导。在从句中不作句在从句中不作句子成分子成分，它们在句子中的意思是（如它们在句子中的意思是（如果果 / 是否）。是否）。口语中多用语中多用if if。如例句如例句2 He wants to kno
5、w if/ whether you are a doctor.他想知道你是否是一个医生。他想知道你是否是一个医生。3.当宾语从句具有当宾语从句具有特殊疑问句语气特殊疑问句语气时用连接时用连接代词（代词（what, who, which等）或连接副词等）或连接副词（when, where, how, why等）引导。如：等）引导。如： Can you tell me who will teach us music? 你能告诉我谁将教我们音乐吗？你能告诉我谁将教我们音乐吗？ Do you know when he bought this pencil-box？ 你知道谁买了这个铅笔盒吗？你知道谁买
6、了这个铅笔盒吗？Mary told her son how she had learned English. 玛丽告诉她儿子她是如何学英语的。玛丽告诉她儿子她是如何学英语的。I dont know where he went last night.我不知道他昨晚去哪了。我不知道他昨晚去哪了。Could you tell me whom he is talking to?你能告诉我他在和谁说话吗？你能告诉我他在和谁说话吗？Do you know why he left school.你知道他为何离开学校吗？你知道他为何离开学校吗？She used to worry about how she a
7、ppeared to others.她过去常担心如何出现在他人面前。她过去常担心如何出现在他人面前。B 时态时态 呼应呼应1. 主现从不限主现从不限。如果主句是一般。如果主句是一般现在时现在时或或一般将来时一般将来时, 宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态不受限制不受限制, 可根据实际表达的需要来确定。如：可根据实际表达的需要来确定。如： Jenny knows the man was flying a kite at that time. 珍妮知道那个男人那时正在珍妮知道那个男人那时正在放风筝放风筝 You will understand why I did it one day. 总有一天你会明白
8、我为什么那样做。总有一天你会明白我为什么那样做。 再如例句再如例句2 3 5 7 8。2. 主过从四过。主过从四过。如果主句是如果主句是一般过去时一般过去时, 宾语从句用宾语从句用过去时态过去时态的某种形式（一的某种形式（一般过去时，过去完成时，过去进行时般过去时，过去完成时，过去进行时和过去将来时）。如：和过去将来时）。如： I thought he had gone to town that day. 我以为他那天进城去了。我以为他那天进城去了。 He asked me if I was playing with that boy at that time. 他他 问我是否那时和那问我是否
9、那时和那个男孩在玩。个男孩在玩。 3. 如果宾语从句叙述的如果宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、是客观事实、自然现象或科学真理等，自然现象或科学真理等，从句不受主从句不受主句时态的限制，用一般现在时。如：句时态的限制，用一般现在时。如： He said time is money. 他说时间就是金钱。他说时间就是金钱。Our physical teacher told us that light runs faster than the sound.我们物理我们物理老师告诉我们光速比声速快。老师告诉我们光速比声速快。 C语序语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句, 也也无论主从句间
10、是什么引导词无论主从句间是什么引导词, 宾语从宾语从句一律用句一律用陈述语序陈述语序, 即即“引导词引导词 + 主主语语 + 谓语谓语 + 其他其他”。如：。如：Could you tell me （引导词）（引导词）where (主语）主语）Wei Fang（谓语谓语） lives? D D种类种类1.1.动词的宾语从句动词的宾语从句。大多数动词都可以。大多数动词都可以带宾语从句。常用的动词有带宾语从句。常用的动词有know expect find wonder told consider believe see I wonder if we can win the game.我担心我们是否
11、会赢比赛。 I dont know where he went last night. 我不知道他昨晚去哪了？我不知道他昨晚去哪了？D种类2 2.形容词的宾语从句。形容词的宾语从句。He is glad that his students went to see him when he was ill.他高兴的是在她生病的时候他的学生能去看他。3 3. 介词的宾语从句介词的宾语从句。 She has to be careful about what he says and does. 她必须小心她的言行举止。注意事项注意事项1.1.Could/Would Could/Would 是委婉语气，而
12、不是过去式，是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同的时因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同的时态态. .Could you please tell me where the Could you please tell me where the post office is?post office is?Would you like to know when he will Would you like to know when he will come back? come back? 2. 如果从句中有not或or not，只能用weather而不用if.I dont
13、 know weather he will go or not.1. He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen th
14、e film DD. .单项选择单项选择3. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked. She asked _. A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.B4. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _. A. how am I getting along B. how
15、 are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting alongC5. He asked me _ told me the accident. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose6. She asked me if I knew _. A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was itCB. . 把下列句子改为宾语从句的复合句。把下列句子改为宾语从句的复合句。1. He sa
16、id, “I have been to America”. He said _ _ _ _ to America.2. Is there a hotel near here? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ a hotel near here? that he had been if /whether there is 3. What sport do you like best? Could you please tell me? Could you please tell me _ _ _ _ _?4. “The earth moves around the
17、sun”, our English teacher told us. Our English teacher told us that the earth _ _ the sun.what sport moves around you like best根据汉语意思完成句子。根据汉语意思完成句子。 1. 我想知道你昨晚是怎么回家的。我想知道你昨晚是怎么回家的。 I want to know _ _.2. 王红告诉我昨天早上六点她正在做饭。王红告诉我昨天早上六点她正在做饭。 Wang Hong told me _ _.how you got home lastnight(that) she wascooking at 6:00 yesterday morning3. 我想知道我能否从你那里得到一些建我想知道我能否从你那里得到一些建议。议。 I wonder _ _.4. 我们地理老师说地球围绕太阳转。我们地理老师说地球围绕太阳转。 Our geography teacher said _ _.if / whether I can get some advice from you(that) theearth goes around the sun